Biology - Study Guide
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780321501561
Author: Martha R. Taylor
Publisher: PEARSON EDUCATION (COLLEGE)
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Chapter 11, Problem 3TYK
Summary Introduction
Introduction: The plasma membrane is the outermost layer of a cell which gives definite shape and protection to the contents of the cell. It is composed of lipid bilayer. Proteins are embedded into the plasma membrane. Carbohydrate is present in the form of glycoprotein. The protein part of the plasma membrane has many receptors that bind to various signaling molecules. The signaling molecules are chemical substances like hormones, neurotransmitters, or growth factors, which are responsible for activating several signal transduction pathways.
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A biochemist is designing a new drug that will mimic the shape and function of a particular intercellular signaling molecule. Therefore she must produce a molecule that will bind to the receptor protein and...
A. produce a cellular response by altering the Na+/K+ pump located near the receptor site.
B. induce a change in the receptor molecule shape, which will ultimately prevent a cellular response.
C. induce a change in the receptor molecule shape, which will ultimately produce a cellular response.
D. induce a change in the phospholipid bilayer that causes a polar reversal allowing the molecules to be endocytose (engulfed).
Scaffold proteins (a) release kinases and phosphatases into the extracellular fluid (b) bind G proteins to cell membranes (c) increase accuracy but slow signaling cascades (d) organize groups of intracellular signaling moleculesinto signaling complexes (e) are transcription factors found mainly in plant cells
In intercellular signaling pathways, some receptor proteins can also act as a transcription factor (changing gene expression), because these receptors are ________.
A) Group of answer choices
B) Intracellular receptors
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Chapter 11 Solutions
Biology - Study Guide
Ch. 11 - How do plant hormones (often called plant growth...Ch. 11 - Prob. 2IQCh. 11 - Label the parts in the following diagram of an...Ch. 11 - Prob. 4IQCh. 11 - a. What does a protein kinase do? b. What is a...Ch. 11 - Prob. 6IQCh. 11 - Prob. 7IQCh. 11 - Prob. 8IQCh. 11 - a. What can one conclude from the fact that the...Ch. 11 - Prob. 1SYK
Ch. 11 - Briefly describe the three stages of cell...Ch. 11 - Some signaling pathways alter a proteins activity;...Ch. 11 - Prob. 4SYKCh. 11 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 11 - Steroid hormones a. bind to cell-surface...Ch. 11 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 11 - Prob. 4TYKCh. 11 - Which of the following is a key difference between...Ch. 11 - Many human diseases (including bacterial...Ch. 11 - Prob. 7TYKCh. 11 - If a protein is activated by the addition of a...Ch. 11 - Prob. 9TYKCh. 11 - Prob. 10TYKCh. 11 - From studying the effects of epinephrine on liver...Ch. 11 - You are a Ca2+ ion in a typical animal cell. Where...Ch. 11 - Which of the following molecules is incorrectly...Ch. 11 - Prob. 14TYKCh. 11 - Prob. 15TYK
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- During cell signaling, binding of a ligand to the outside of a cell leads to: A. A signal being sent inside the cell B. The ligand being transported into the cell C. A and B D. None of the abovearrow_forwardScaffold proteins (a) release kinases and phosphatases into the extracellular fluid (b) bind G proteins to cell membranes (c) increase accuracy but slow signaling cascades (d) organize groups of intracellular signaling molecules into signaling complexes (e) are transcription factors found mainly in plant cellsarrow_forwardWhich of the following are methods of cellular signaling? Select one: a. All the answers are correct. b. Connections through fibers of the ECM from one cell to another c. Ligand binding to a receptor in the cell membrane d. Desmosomes ‘pulling’ one cell to another e. Lipid or gas ligand binding to an intracellular receptorarrow_forward
- What type of cell signaling receptor is depicted below a. Cytoplasmic Receptor b. Transmembrane Receptor c. Intracellular Receptor d. Nuclear Receptorarrow_forwardWhat two steps occur in cell signaling occur AFTER the signal has been detected by a cell surface receptor? a. transduction and inflection b. transduction and amplification c. amplification and termination d. amplification and diversionarrow_forwardHydrophobic signaling molecules act by a. binding to plasma proteins b. starting second messenger systems c. binding to receptors inside the cell d. starting action potentialsarrow_forward
- Where in a cell would you find signal receptors? What happens when a lipid-soluble signaling molecule binds its receptor?arrow_forwardG proteins (a) relay a message from an activated receptor to an enzyme that activates a second messenger (b) are GTP molecules (c) terminate cell signaling (d) directly activate protein kinases (e) function as first messengersarrow_forwardA mutation in HER2 that causes receptor dimerization in the absence of signaling molecules. Would cause? Why? A. Decreased proliferation B. Increases proliferationarrow_forward
- a universal feature of cell signaling receptors is that they? a. undergo a structural (shape) change when the signal molecule is bound b. are present only in the plasma membrane c. are only ion channels d. are protein kinases e. aer only nuclear receptorsarrow_forwardThe receptors for lipid-soluble signaling molecule, such as steroid hormones, are located: A) in the nucleus of the target cell B) in the cytoplasm of the target cell C) in the bloodstream D) inserted into the membrane of the target cell E) Lipid-insoluble hormones do not need receptorsarrow_forwardDraw a cell. Draw a receptor that binds to a signaling molecule on the outside of the cell and a receptor that binds to a signaling molecule on the inside of the cell. What property does a signaling molecule that crosses the cell membrane (plasma membrane) need?arrow_forward
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