Campbell Essential Biology with Physiology (5th Edition)
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780321967671
Author: Eric J. Simon, Jean L. Dickey, Jane B. Reece, Kelly A. Hogan
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 11, Problem 4SQ
A eukaryotic gene was inserted into the DNA of a bacterium. The bacterium then transcribed this gene into mRNA and translated the mRNA into protein. The protein produced was useless and contained many more amino acids than the protein made by the eukaryotic cell. Why?
- a. The mRNA was not spliced as it is in eukaryotes.
- b. Eukaryotes and prokaryotes use different genetic codes.
- c. Repressor proteins interfered with transcription and translation.
- d. Ribosomes were not able to bind to tRNA.
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Students have asked these similar questions
How is translation different in prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
a. In prokaryotes, because they do not have a nucleus, the translation of mRNA occurs while it is being transcribed b. In prokaryotes, pre-mRNA translation before transcription occurs within the cell
c.In prokaryotes, reverse trancriptase simultaneously translates and transcribes mRNAd.In prokaryotes, functional mRNA allows for translation to be skipped, and proteins are made during transcription
If eukaryotes have monocistronic genes, why is the number of known proteins more than the number of known genes?
A. Post-translational modification
B. Alternative splicing
C. Base substitution
D. Post-transcriptional modification
What are two reasons that a eukaryotic gene (e.g. Green Fluorescent Protein in jellyfish) will not be expressed if it is inserted into a bacterial genome with no alterations?
a. Bacterial genes do not contain introns
b. Bacterial promoters have different consensus sequences than eukaryotic ones
c. Transcription of this gene is affected by the simultaneous processes of transcription and translation
d.
Chapter 11 Solutions
Campbell Essential Biology with Physiology (5th Edition)
Ch. 11 - Your bone cells, muscle cells, and skin cells look...Ch. 11 - A group of prokaryotic genes with related...Ch. 11 - The regulation of gene expression must be more...Ch. 11 - A eukaryotic gene was inserted into the DNA of a...Ch. 11 - How does dense packing of DNA in chromosomes...Ch. 11 - What evidence demonstrates that differentiated...Ch. 11 - The most common procedure for cloning an animal is...Ch. 11 - What is learned from a DNA microarray?Ch. 11 - Which of the following is a substantial difference...Ch. 11 - Prob. 10SQ
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- A scientist mutates eIF-2 to eliminate its GTP hydrolysis capability. How would this mutated form of eIF-2 alter translation? a. Initiation factors would not be able to bind to mRNA. b. The large ribosomal subunit would not be able to interact with mRNA transcripts. c. tRNAi-Met would not scan mRNA transcripts for the start codon. d. eIF-2 would not be able to interact with the small ribosomal subunit.arrow_forwardA prokaryotic gene was transcribed then translated. During the process, antibiotics X was added, and the products of translation were only f-met. What steps in translation was inhibited by antibiotic X? A. Transpeptidation or the formation of peptide bonds B. Binding of amino-acyl t-RNA to the 30S subunit of the ribosome C. Formation of the functional ribosome D. Translocation or the movement of empty t-RNA to the E site. E. Hydrolysis of GTParrow_forwardWhich statement/s is/are TRUE about transcription?A. During transcription, DNA polymerase binds to RNA and separates the DNA strands.B. RNA polymerase uses one strand of DNA as a template to assemble nucleotides into a strand of RNA.C. RNA polymerase binds only to DNA promoters, which have specific base sequences.D. Promoters are signals in RNA that indicate to RNA polymerase where to begin transcription.E. Transcription occurs in the 3’ to 5’ direction with respect to the growing mRNA strand.arrow_forward
- A scientist is interested in producing flowers with a darker red color. To do this, the scientist alters the promoter of the gene to make it more active. This results in increased transcription and increased red pigments. The scientist then alters the promoter to make it even more active. This results in white flowers with no red pigment. Genetic research showed an increase in the siRNA in the cell. What did the siRNA do to the mRNA? A. The siRNA caused the mRNA to be broken down. B. The siRNA caused alternative splicing of the mRNA. C. The siRNA caused increased methylation of the mRNA. D. The siRNA caused the ribosome to no longer recognize this mRNA.arrow_forwardWhich sequences are spliced out of the mRNA strand before leaving the nucleus? In other words, which sequences are not part of the code for the amino acids? a. exons b. intronsarrow_forwardEukaryotes such as humans have linear chromosomes. In order to signal the end of DNA replication, there is a large repetitive sequence of DNA called a telomere. The telomere region of the DNA signals a process called a. detachment b. termination c. elongation d. transcriptionarrow_forward
- What is the name of the process that adds a modified guanosine nucleotide to the 5’ phosphates of pre-mRNAs in eukaryotes? a. splicing b. polyadenylation c. capping d. nuclear export e. photophosphorylationarrow_forwardImagine that mutations occurred in one of the inverted repeat sequences within the rho-independent terminator sequence of a bacterium. What would likely be the consequence of this mutation? Select one: a. Transcription may not be initiated at all. b. Transcription may end prematurely. c. Transcription may be delayed. d. The rho protein won't be able to bind and transcription may not be terminate. e. Transcription may not be terminated and result in much longer RNA.arrow_forwardWhat would happen if a lysine residue that was normally acetylated was mutated to an arginine? A. There would probably be no affect on transcription B. The nucleosome affected by this mutation would be more likely to be uncondensed C. Genes within or near the nucleosome affected by this mutation would be more likely to be repressed D. RNA Pol II would have an easier time accessing the DNA at or near the affected nucleosome E. B and C are both correctarrow_forward
- With regard to transcriptional termination in eukaryotes, which model suggests that RNA polymerase is physically removed from the DNA? a. Allosteric model b. Torpedo model c. Both models d. Neither modelarrow_forwardSelect the most complete list of correct structures involved in the process of transcription a. mRNA, amino acids, ribosomes, polypeptide chains b. DNA, mRNA, RNA polymerase, a promoter c. mRNA, polypeptide chains, RNA polymerase d. DNA, mRNA, amino acidsarrow_forwardA scientist studies the production of a key digestive enzyme in silk moths. The moths have one gene for this enzyme, and the scientist extracts mRNA transcribed from this gene as well as protein translated from it. The gene has three introns in its sequence. If the researcher compares mRNA from inside the nucleus to mRNA from the ribosomes, what will be found? A. less mRNA in the nucleus B. shorter mRNA in the ribosomes C. identical mRNAs in both places D. mRNA covalently attached to protein in the nucleusarrow_forward
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