BIOLOGY-TEXT
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781260169621
Author: BROOKER
Publisher: MCG
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Textbook Question
Chapter 13, Problem 1CQ
An ncRNA may have one or more of the following functions: scaffold, guide, alterer of protein function or stability, ribozyme, blocker, and decoy. Which of those functions are exhibited by the following examples: HOTAIR, SRP RNA, miRNA, and crRNA? Note: A single ncRNA may have more than one function.
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An ncRNA may have the following functions: scaffold, guide, alterer of protein function or stability, ribozyme, blocker, and/or decoy. Which of these functions are mediated by each type of ncRNA listed next? Note: A singlencRNA may have more than one function.
A. tRNAB. rRNAC. SRP RNAD. piRNA
An ncRNA may have the following functions: scaffold, guide,alterer of protein function or stability, ribozyme, blocker, and/ordecoy. Which of those functions is/are mediated by each of thencRNAs listed next? (Note: A single ncRNA may have more thanone function.)
A. HOTAIRB. RNA of RNasePC. microRNAD. crRNA
Identify the type of ncRNA function that is pictured:
U UCAGU
A AG TC
DNA
O Scaffold
Guide
Blocker
Chapter 13 Solutions
BIOLOGY-TEXT
Ch. 13.1 - Prob. 1CCCh. 13.2 - Prob. 1CCCh. 13.3 - Prob. 1EQCh. 13.3 - Prob. 2EQCh. 13.3 - Prob. 3EQCh. 13.3 - Effects of Non-coding RNAs on Translation and mRNA...Ch. 13.4 - Non-coding RNAs and Protein Sorting Core Skill:...Ch. 13.5 - Core Skill: Modeling The goal of this modeling...Ch. 13 - Prob. 1TYCh. 13 - Prob. 2TY
Ch. 13 - Prob. 3TYCh. 13 - Prob. 4TYCh. 13 - Prob. 5TYCh. 13 - Prob. 6TYCh. 13 - With regard to miRNAs and siRNAs, which of the...Ch. 13 - Cas1 and Cas2 proteins play a role during which of...Ch. 13 - Which of the following components bind to...Ch. 13 - Abnormalities in the expression of ncRNAs are...Ch. 13 - An ncRNA may have one or more of the following...Ch. 13 - What is RNA interference (RNAi)? Explain how the...Ch. 13 - Prob. 3CQCh. 13 - Prob. 1COQCh. 13 - Go to the PubMed website and search for non-coding...
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- A double-stranded RNA has been generated by release/splicing out of an intron within the nucleus...outline the pathway taken to generate microRNA and its action on the shutdown of protein biosynthesisarrow_forwardWhat is the difference between an miRNA and an siRNA. How dothese ncRNAs affect mRNAs?arrow_forwardMicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short, noncoding, single-stranded RNAs approximately 19-25 nucleotides in length that bind to mRNAs. Numerous protein-encoding genes are regulated by miRNAs, including those involved in the immune response. Research has shown that rejection of transplanted organs is associated with alterations in the expression of various genes. To determine whether a link exists between miRNA expression patterns and organ rejection, a team of scientists performed the following set of experiments. Experiment 1 MicroRNA levels were measured in the biopsy specimens of patients with normal transplanted kidneys and patients with kidneys that showed histologic features of acute rejection (AR). MicroRNA sequences are shown in Table 1. Table 1 Normalized miRNA levels miRNA Sequence miR-142-5p 5'-CAUAAAGUAGAAAGCACUACU-3' miR-155 5'-UUAAUGCUAAUCGUGAUAGGGGU-3' Nucleotide Sequences for Mature miRNAs miR-223 miR-10b 5'-UACCCUGUAGAACCGAAUUUGUG-3' let-7c miR-30a-3p 5'-CUUUCAGUCGGAUGUUUGCAGC-3'…arrow_forward
- List and briefly describe four types of molecules that can bind to an ncRNA.arrow_forwardBriefly describe the role of the following RNAS: (i) IncRNA (ii) miRNAarrow_forwardWhat are the differences between miRNA and siRNA? (Select all that apply.) OmiRNAs carry the genetic information from the DNA in the nucleus directly to the cytoplasm, and siRNAs are involved in the degradation of specific mRNA molecules. miRNAs are from 22 to 30 bases long, and siRNAs are 22 bases long. O miRNAs carry the genetic information from the DNA in the nucleus directly to the cytoplasm, and siRNAs help with the processing of the initial mRNA transcribed from DNA into a mature form. miRNAs prevent translation of certain mRNAs, and siRNAs are involved in the degradation of specific mRNA molecules. miRNAs are 20 to 22 bases long, and siRNAs are from 20 to 30 bases long.arrow_forward
- The number of microRNAs encoded by the genome varies widely among organisms: some species have many miRNA genes and other species have relatively few. Researchers have determined the number of miRNA genes possessed by different species and have made the following observations: a. The number of miRNA genes found on a chromosome is not correlated with chromosome length. In other words, longer chromosomes do not necessarily have more miRNA genes. b. Most species show a strong positive correlation between the number of miRNA genes on a chromosome and the number of non-proteinencoding genes on that chromosome. In other words, chromosomes with more non-protein-encoding genes have more miRNA genes. c. Many species display a strong positive correlation between the number of miRNA genes on a chromosome and the number of proteinencoding genes on that chromosome. In other words, chromosomes with more protein-encoding genes have more miRNA genes. Propose possible explanations for these…arrow_forwardThe number of microRNAs encoded by the genome varies widely among organisms: some species have many miRNA genes and other species have relatively few. Researchers have determined the number of miRNA genes possessed by different species and have made the following observations: a. The number of miRNA genes found on a chromosome is not correlated with chromosome length. In other words, longer chromosomes do not necessarily have more miRNA genes. b. Most species show a strong positive correlation between the number of miRNA genes on a chromosome and the number of non-proteinencoding genes on that chromosome. In other words, chromosomes with more non-protein-encoding genes have more miRNA genes. c. Many species display a strong positive correlation between the number of miRNA genes on a chromosome and the number of protein encoding genes on that chromosome. In other words, chromosomes with more protein-encoding genes have more miRNA genes Propose possible explanations for these…arrow_forwardWhat is miRNA replacement therapy? Describe three examples of this treatment approach.arrow_forward
- Imagine the four basic components of gene regulation are DNA, RNA, proteins, and small molecules. Which of these things can ncRNA interact with?arrow_forwardThe RNAi and the microRNA (miRNA) pathways share many components and characteristics. What unique feature distinguishes the microRNA pathway from RNAi? a) only the RNAi pathway is initiated by dsRNA molecules b) the miRNA pathway does not require Dicer c) the miRNA pathway does not require RISC. d) miRNAs have 100% complementarity with their mRNA targets to block translation e) siRNAs that act in RNAi have 100% complementarity with their mRNA targets resulting in endonucleolytic cleavagearrow_forwardExplain how some lncRNAs serve as molecular decoys for RNA-binding proteins and miRNAs.arrow_forward
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