EBK ESSENTIALS OF GENETICS
9th Edition
ISBN: 8220102741614
Author: Palladino
Publisher: YUZU
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Chapter 13, Problem 22PDQ
The emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains of Enterococci and transfer of resistant genes to other bacterial pathogens have highlighted the need for new generations of antibiotics to combat serious infections. To grasp the range of potential sites for the action of existing antibiotics, sketch the components of the translation machinery (e.g., see Step 3 of Figure 13–6), and using a series of numbered pointers, indicate the specific location for the action of the antibiotics shown in the following table.
| Antibiotic | Action |
| 1. Streptomycin | Binds to 30S ribosomal subunit |
| 2. Chloramphenicol | Inhibits the peptidyl transferase function of 70S ribosome |
| 3. Tetracycline | Inhibits binding of charged tRNA to ribosome |
| 4. Erythromycin | Binds to free 50S particle and prevents formation of 70S ribosome |
| 5. Kasugamycin | Inhibits binding of tRNAfmet |
| 6. Thiostrepton | Prevents translocation by inhibiting EF-G |
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Chapter 13 Solutions
EBK ESSENTIALS OF GENETICS
Ch. 13 - CASE STUDY | Crippled ribosomes Diamond Blackfan...Ch. 13 - CASE STUDY | Crippled ribosomes Diamond Blackfan...Ch. 13 - Prob. 3CSCh. 13 -
HOW DO WE KNOW?
1. In this chapter, we focused on...Ch. 13 - Review the Chapter Concepts list on p. 238. These...Ch. 13 - List and describe the role of all molecular...Ch. 13 - Contrast the roles of tRNA and mRNA during...Ch. 13 - Francis Crick proposed the adaptor hypothesis for...Ch. 13 -
6. During translation, what molecule bears the...Ch. 13 - Summarize the steps involved in charging tRNAs...
Ch. 13 - Each transfer RNA requires at least four specific...Ch. 13 -
9. Explain why the one-gene:one-enzyme hypothesis...Ch. 13 - Prob. 10PDQCh. 13 - Prob. 11PDQCh. 13 - Prob. 12PDQCh. 13 - Assuming that each nucleotide is 0.34 nm long in...Ch. 13 - Review the concept of colinearity in Section 12.5...Ch. 13 -
15. In your opinion, which of the four levels of...Ch. 13 -
16. List and describe the function of as many...Ch. 13 - How does an enzyme function? Why are enzymes...Ch. 13 -
18. Shown in the following table are several...Ch. 13 -
19. Three independently assorting genes are known...Ch. 13 -
20. How would the results in cross (a) of Problem...Ch. 13 - A series of mutations in the bacterium Salmonella...Ch. 13 -
22. The emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains...
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- Researchers are studying the mechanism of the antibiotic chloramphenicol. They know that it prevents the formation of peptide bonds during translation. A model of the translation process is shown in the diagram. Which of the following describes where in the model chloramphenicol acts to interfere with the production of proteins from DNA? during initiation during elongation during termination during protein releasearrow_forwardPlease describe the four-step process of the elongation during protein translation in bacteria.arrow_forwardA synthetic mRNA added to a cell-free protein-synthesizing system produces a peptide with the following amino acid sequence: Met-ProIle-Ser-Ala. What would be the effect on translation if the following component were omitted from the cell-free protein-synthesizing system? What, if any, type of protein would be produced? Explain your reasoning. Q. Initiation factor 3arrow_forward
- A synthetic mRNA added to a cell-free protein-synthesizing system produces a peptide with the following amino acid sequence: Met-Pro- Ile-Ser-Ala. What would be the effect on translation if the following components were omitted from the cell-free protein-synthesizing system? What, if any, type of protein would be produced? Explain your reasoning. a. Initiation factor 3 b. Initiation factor 2 c. Elongation factor Tu d. Elongation factor G e. Release factors RF-1, RF-2, and RF-3 f. ATP g. GTParrow_forwardA synthetic mRNA added to a cell-free protein-synthesizing system produces a peptide with the following amino acid sequence: Met-ProIle-Ser-Ala. What would be the effect on translation if the following component were omitted from the cell-free protein-synthesizing system? What, if any, type of protein would be produced? Explain your reasoning. Q.Release factors RF-1, RF-2, and RF-3arrow_forwardYou are interested in the activity and regulation of a protease made by the Gram-positive bacterium Geobacillus stearothermophilus. What would be the purpose of constructing each of the following: a His-tagged protease, a transcriptional GFP fusion to the protease gene, and a translational GFP fusion to the protease gene?arrow_forward
- If an extra nucleotide is inserted in the first exon of the beta globin gene, what effect will it have on the amino acid sequence of the globin polypeptides? Will the globin most likely be fully functional, partly functional, or nonfunctional? Why?arrow_forwardThe earliest work on the genetic code established UUU, CCC, and AAA as the codons for Phe, Pro, and Lys, respectively. Can you think of a reason why polyG was not used as a translation template in these experiments?arrow_forwardResearchers are studying the mechanism of the antibiotic chloramphenicol. They know that it prevents the formation of peptide bonds during translation. A model of the translation process is shown in the diagram. Which of the following describes where in the model chloramphenicol acts to interfere with the production of proteins from DNA? A - during initiationB - during elongationC = during terminationD = during protein releasearrow_forward
- Put the following events of elongation in prokaryotic translation in chronological order. 1. Binding of mRNA with small ribosomal subunit 2. Recognition of initiation codon 3. Complementary base pairing between initiator codon and anticodon of initiator tRNA 4. Base pairing of the mRNA codon following the initiator codon with its complementary tRNA 5. Attachment of the large subunit 2, 1, 4, 3, 5 5, 4, 3, 2, 1 1, 2, 3, 5, 4 1, 2, 3, 4, 5arrow_forwardArrange the following components of translation in the approximate order in which they would appear or be used in prokaryotic protein synthesis, from first to last.30S initiation complex70S initation complexElongation Factor TuElongation Factor GInitiation Factor 3Release Factor 1fMet-TRNA fMetarrow_forwardFor each of the following sequences, rank them in order (from best to worst) as sequences that could be used to initiate translation according to Kozak’s rules. GACGCCAUGG GCCUCCAUGC GCCAUCAAGG GCCACCAUGGarrow_forward
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