Chapter 13, Problem 23E

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Sulfur belongs to group $16$ of the periodic table, along with $O,Se\text{ and Te}$ . The element has an atomic number of $16$ an atomic mass of $32$, four oxidation states $\left(-2+2,+4\text{ and +6}\right)$

Sulfur has three allotropes: Rhombic, Monoclinic and amorphous.

Sulfur is a non- metal which exists in different crystal structure known as allotropes. The stable form at room temperature is called rhombic sulfur and when this is heated slowly above about ${95}^{\circ }C$ it converts into monoclinic sulfur.

Only difference between the rhombic and monoclinic types is the arrangement of the molecules in space.

Concept introduction:

Phase diagram represent change in state of substance with change in pressure and temperature.

There are some common line between solid state, liquid state and gaseous state. The line are known as sublimation curve common line between solid state and gaseous state condensation curve (common region between liquid and gas) and meeting curve (common region between solid and liquid state)

Generic phase diagram and conversion between states

To determine:

Consider the phase diagram for sulfur shown here. The rhombic and monoclinic are two solid with different structures.

a. The pressure below which solid sulfur sublimes

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

Sulfur belongs to group $16$ of the periodic table, along with $O,Se\text{ and Te}$ . The element has an atomic number of $16$ and atomic mass of $32$, four oxidation states $\left(-2+2,+4\text{ and +6}\right)$

Sulfur has three allotropes: Rhombic, Monoclinic and amorphous (no shape plastic).

Sulfur is a non- metal which exists is different crystal structure known as allotropes. The stable form at room temperature is called rhombic sulfur and when this is heated slowly above about ${95}^{\circ }C$ it converts into monoclinic sulfur.

Only difference between the rhombic and monoclinic types is the arrangement of the molecules in space.

Concept Interdiction:

Phase diagram represents change in state of substance with change in pressure and temperature.

There are some common line between solid state, liquid state and gaseous state. The line are known as sublimation curve common line between solid state and gaseous state condensation curve (common region between liquid and gas) and melting curve (common region between solid and liquid state)

Generic phase diagram and conversion between states

To determine: between the two solid states of sulfur which is denser