Organic Chemistry; Modified MasteringChemistry with Pearson eText -- ValuePack Access Card; Study Guide and Student Solutions Manual for Organic Chemistry, Books a la Carte Edition (7th Edition)
7th Edition
ISBN: 9780134240152
Author: Paula Yurkanis Bruice
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 13, Problem 41P
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The change in the degree of regioselectivity compared to the ratio of relative rates found in problem 44 has to be given.
Concept introduction:
Radical or free radical: unpaired valence electron of an atom, molecule, or ion is called as radical.
Chlorine radical forms a tertiary radical five times faster than a primary radical and it forms a secondary radical 3.8 times faster than a primary radical.
Relative rates of alkyl radical formation by a chlorine radical at 125 °C.
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Students have asked these similar questions
In unpolluted air at 300 K, the hydroxyl radical OH reacts
with CO with a bimolecular rate constant of 1.6 × 101' L
mol-1 s-1 and with CH4 with a rate constant of 3.8 ×
10° L mol¬1 s-1. Take the partial pressure of CO in air to
be constant at 1.0 × 10-7 atm and that of CH4 to be 1.7 x
10-6 atm, and assume that these are the primary mecha-
nisms by which OH is consumed in the atmosphere. Cal-
culate the half-life of OH under these conditions.
Although CH4 reacts with Cl2 to form CH3Cl and HCl, the corresponding reaction of CH4 with I2 does not occur at an appreciable rate, even though the I–I bond is much weaker than the Cl–Cl bond. Explain why this is so.
5. For the chlorination of ethane, represented by the equation: CH3CH3 + Cl2 + hv→ CH3CH2CI + HCI, the following
radical-mediated mechanism has been proposed:
Cl2 2 Cl· + CI -
CH4 + Cl. → CH3· + HCI
CH3: + Cl2 → CH3CI + Cl·
k1, k.1
k2
k3
CH3* + Cl· 2CH3CI
ka, k.4
Additionally, it has been possible to establish, under certain experimental conditions, that the reaction is first
order with respect to the methane, and three halves with respect to chlorine.
a) Classify the different steps of this mechanism (i.e. initiation, propagation, etc.).
b) Derive the rate law for the chlorination of ethane, based on the mechanism proposed.
c) Identify which is the rate-determining step. Justify your selection.
d) Indicate which are the assumptions and approximations you used so that this model could work (i.e. pre-
equilibrium condition, steady state approximation, neglecting the contribution of a step, etc.).
Chapter 13 Solutions
Organic Chemistry; Modified MasteringChemistry with Pearson eText -- ValuePack Access Card; Study Guide and Student Solutions Manual for Organic Chemistry, Books a la Carte Edition (7th Edition)
Ch. 13.2 - Prob. 1PCh. 13.2 - Write the steps for formation of...Ch. 13.3 - Prob. 3PCh. 13.4 - Prob. 4PCh. 13.5 - Prob. 7PCh. 13.5 - a. Would chlorination or bromination produce a...Ch. 13.5 - Prob. 10PCh. 13.6 - Prob. 11PCh. 13.7 - Prob. 12PCh. 13.7 - Prob. 13P
Ch. 13.8 - Prob. 14PCh. 13.8 - Draw the stereoisomers of the major...Ch. 13.9 - a. How many stereoisomers are formed from the...Ch. 13.9 - Prob. 17PCh. 13.9 - Prob. 19PCh. 13.9 - Prob. 20PCh. 13.9 - Prob. 21PCh. 13.10 - Prob. 22PCh. 13.11 - How many atoms share the unpaired electrons in...Ch. 13.11 - Prob. 24PCh. 13 - Prob. 25PCh. 13 - Prob. 26PCh. 13 - Prob. 27PCh. 13 - Prob. 28PCh. 13 - Prob. 29PCh. 13 - Prob. 30PCh. 13 - Prob. 31PCh. 13 - Prob. 32PCh. 13 - Prob. 33PCh. 13 - Prob. 34PCh. 13 - Prob. 35PCh. 13 - Starting with cyclohexane, how could the following...Ch. 13 - a. Propose a mechanism for the following reaction:...Ch. 13 - What stereoisomers are obtained from the following...Ch. 13 - Prob. 39PCh. 13 - Prob. 40PCh. 13 - Prob. 41PCh. 13 - Draw the products of the following reactions,...Ch. 13 - a. What five-carbon alkene forms the same product...Ch. 13 - Prob. 44PCh. 13 - Prob. 45PCh. 13 - Prob. 46PCh. 13 - Explain why the rate of bromination of methane...Ch. 13 - Prob. 48P
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