ND STONY BROOK UNIVERSITY LOOSELEAF GENETICS: FROM GENES TO GENOMES
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781260406092
Author: HARTWELL, Leland, HOOD, Leroy, Goldberg, Michael
Publisher: Mcgraw-hill Education/stony Brook University
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Chapter 13, Problem 42P
Somatic cells in organisms of a particular diploid plant species normally have 14 chromosomes. The chromosomes in the gametes are numbered from 1 through 7. Rarely, zygotes are formed that contain more or fewer than 14 chromosomes. For each of the zygotes below, (i) state whether the chromosome complement is euploid or aneuploid; (ii) provide terms that describe the individual’s genetic makeup as accurately as possible; and (iii) state whether or not the individual will likely develop through the embryonic stages to make an adult plant, and if so, whether or not this plant will be fertile.
a. | 11 22 33 44 5 66 77 |
b. | 111 22 33 44 555 66 77 |
c. | 111 222 333 444 555 666 777 |
d. | 1111 2222 3333 4444 5555 6666 7777 |
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Somatic cells in organisms of a particular diploidplant species normally have 14 chromosomes. Thechromosomes in the gametes are numbered from 1through 7. Rarely, zygotes are formed that containmore or fewer than 14 chromosomes. For each of thezygotes below, (i) state whether the chromosomecomplement is euploid or aneuploid; (ii) provideterms that describe the individual’s genetic makeupas accurately as possible; and (iii) state whether ornot the individual will likely develop through theembryonic stages to make an adult plant, and if so,whether or not this plant will be fertile.a. 11 22 33 44 5 66 77b. 111 22 33 44 555 66 77c. 111 222 333 444 555 666 777d. 1111 2222 3333 4444 5555 6666 7777
During metaphase I of meiosis, tetrads align along the metaphase plate independently of each other. Therefore, there is a random “shuffle” of maternal and paternal chromosomes in the resulting gametes.The following diagram demonstrates how this works in a diploid cell with four chromosomes . Because there are two pairs of chromosomes and each pair can align in one of two ways during metaphase I, the number of possible variations in the gametes produced is , or .For an organism that is , there are three pairs of chromosomes, so the number of possible variations in the gametes produced due to independent assortment in metaphase I is , or .
In an organism with a haploid number of , how many possible combinations of maternal and paternal chromosomes can occur in its gametes?
Select one:
a. 72=49
b. 27=128
c.17=1
d. 214=16 384
During metaphase I of meiosis, tetrads align along the metaphase plate independently of each other. Therefore, there is a random “shuffle” of maternal and paternal chromosomes in the resulting gametes.The following diagram demonstrates how this works in a diploid cell with four chromosomes (2n=4) . Because there are two pairs of chromosomes and each pair can align in one of two ways during metaphase I, the number of possible variations in the gametes produced is 22 or 4.For an organism that is , there are three pairs of chromosomes, so the number of possible variations in the gametes produced due to independent assortment in metaphase I is 23 or 8.
In an organism with a haploid number of 7, how many possible combinations of maternal and paternal chromosomes can occur in its gametes?
a. 72=49
b. 27=128
c.17=1
d. 214=16 384
Chapter 13 Solutions
ND STONY BROOK UNIVERSITY LOOSELEAF GENETICS: FROM GENES TO GENOMES
Ch. 13 - For each of the terms in the left column, choose...Ch. 13 - Prob. 2PCh. 13 - For each of the following types of chromosomal...Ch. 13 - For the following types of chromosomal...Ch. 13 - One of the X chromosomes in a particular...Ch. 13 - A diploid strain of yeast was made by mating a...Ch. 13 - The two graphs that follow represent genomic...Ch. 13 - A series of chromosomal mutations in Drosophila...Ch. 13 - Indicate which of the four major classes of...Ch. 13 - The recessive, X-linked z1 mutation of the...
Ch. 13 - Genes a and b are 21 m.u. apart when mapped in...Ch. 13 - In the following group of figures, the pink lines...Ch. 13 - Three strains of Drosophila Bravo, X-ray, and...Ch. 13 - Two yeast strains were mated and sporulated...Ch. 13 - Suppose a haploid yeast strain carrying two...Ch. 13 - In the mating between two haploid yeast strains...Ch. 13 - During ascus formation in Neurospora, any...Ch. 13 - In the following figure, black and pink lines...Ch. 13 - In Drosophila, the gene for cinnabar eye color is...Ch. 13 - Semisterility in corn, as seen by unfilled ears...Ch. 13 - A promising biological method for insect control...Ch. 13 - Prob. 23PCh. 13 - a. Among the progeny of a self-fertilized...Ch. 13 - Duchenne muscular dystrophy DMD is caused by a...Ch. 13 - WHIM syndrome is a disease of the immune system...Ch. 13 - Explain how transposable elements can cause the...Ch. 13 - The Drosophila genome normally harbors about 40 P...Ch. 13 - Drosophila P elements were discovered because of a...Ch. 13 - Flies homozygous for mutant alleles of a...Ch. 13 - Fred and Mary have a child named Bob. The genomic...Ch. 13 - Uniparental disomy is a rare phenomenon in which...Ch. 13 - Among adults with Turner syndrome, it has been...Ch. 13 - In Neurospora, his2 mutants require the amino acid...Ch. 13 - Human geneticists interested in the effects of...Ch. 13 - The incidence of Down syndrome will be very high...Ch. 13 - The Drosophila chromosome 4 is extremely small;...Ch. 13 - Down syndrome is usually caused by having a...Ch. 13 - Common red clover, Trifolium pratense, is a...Ch. 13 - The numbers of chromosomes in the somatic cells of...Ch. 13 - Prob. 41PCh. 13 - Somatic cells in organisms of a particular diploid...Ch. 13 - An allotetraploid species has a genome composed of...Ch. 13 - Prob. 44PCh. 13 - Chromosomes normally associate during meiosis I as...Ch. 13 - Using whole-genome sequencing, how could you...Ch. 13 - Prob. 47PCh. 13 - Prob. 48PCh. 13 - Seedless watermelons that you find in the...Ch. 13 - The names of hybrid animals are usually themselves...Ch. 13 - While most animals cannot tolerate polyploidy,...Ch. 13 - What characteristic property of translocations...Ch. 13 - Prob. 53PCh. 13 - In the accompanying figure, the top and bottom...Ch. 13 - Prob. 55PCh. 13 - The accompanying figure shows idiograms of human...Ch. 13 - Prob. 57P
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- During metaphase I of meiosis, tetrads align along the metaphase plate independently of each other. Therefore, there is a random “shuffle” of maternal and paternal chromosomes in the resulting gametes.The following diagram demonstrates how this works in a diploid cell with four chromosomes (2n=4) . Because there are two pairs of chromosomes and each pair can align in one of two ways during metaphase I, the number of possible variations in the gametes produced is 22 or 4.For an organism that is , there are three pairs of chromosomes, so the number of possible variations in the gametes produced due to independent assortment in metaphase I is 23 or 8. In an organism with a haploid number of 2n=6 , how many possible combinations of maternal and paternal chromosomes can occur in its gametes? a. 72=49 b. 27=128 c.17=1 d. 214=16 384arrow_forwardA diploid cell has 4C genetic material and 16 chromosomes at the start of cell division. Identify the: (1) no. of chromosome per cell at S phase (2) no. of pairs of homologous chromosomes per cell at Metaphase 1 (3) no. of chromosomes per cell at Anaphase 1 (4) amount of genetic material per cell after Meiosis 2 (5) amount of genetic material per cell after Meiosis 1arrow_forwardIf the amount (mass) of DNA in a diploid cell during G1 phase prior to meiosis I is 8 pg (picograms), how much DNA would be present in a daughter cell immediately following: A) meiosis I? B) meiosis II? (for your information, this cell will function as a gamete) HINT: Go through the process of meiosis one step at a time. DNA replication would double the amount of DNA in the cell, cell division divides the DNA into two daughter cells.arrow_forward
- a. What type of cell division mitosis, meiosis I or meiosis II is shown in this figure? b. What is the diploid number of this organism? c. Provide labels for (i) and (ii)arrow_forwardOverall, meiosis and mitosis are analogous processes involving many of the same proteins. However, some proteins function uniquely in each of these cell-division events. Explain the meiosis-specific function of the following: (a) Ime2, (b) Rec8, (c) monopolin.arrow_forwardhelparrow_forward
- 9) A diploid cell is preparing to undergo meiosis. Before the 'S' phase, the cell has 6 picograms (pg) of DNA in it. Answer the following: a) After the 'S' phase of the cell cycle what ploidy is the cell? How many picograms of DNA does it contain? b) After meiosis I, how many daughter cells are there total? What is the ploidy of each cell? How many picograms of DNA does each cell contain?arrow_forwardThe diagram below shows a cell during Meiosis II: a) What phase of Meiosis II is the cell in? How do you know? b) Assuming all of the chromosomes present during Meiosis II are shown in the figure above, how many chromosomes (counting homologous pairs as two chromosomes) does a gamete from this organism have? c) Draw the same cell during the same phase of Meiosis I. Label the elementsarrow_forwardA typical somatic cell from a badger, which is a diploid, sexually reproducing animal, contains a total of 32 chromosomes. Gametogenesis in badgers is similar to humans. What is the genome size for the badger in terms of chromosome number? How many DNA molecules would be found in a secondary oocyte before dividing? How many chromosomes would be found in a cell at metaphase? How many DNA molecules should be in a tetraploid liver cell from the badger?arrow_forward
- If the DNA content of a diploid cell in the G1 phase of the cellcycle is x, then the DNA content of the same cell at metaphaseof meiosis I will be(A) 0.25x. (B) 0.5x. (C) x. (D) 2xarrow_forwardMeiosis is also known as reduction cell division because it reduces the ploidy level from diploid (2n) to haploid (n). Why do we need to reduce our ploidy level in certain cells?arrow_forwardA prairie grass species called "little bluestem" is tetraploid. It has four complete sets of chromosomes. There are ten kinds of chromosomes; in other words, each complete set of chromosomes has a total of 10 chromosomes. A single somatic cell (e.g., a cell in a leaf) will have 40 chromosomes, 4 of each kind of chromsome, i.e., 4 of the number 1 chromsome, 4 of the number 2 chromsome, etc. The illustration below shows prophase of meiosis 1 in chromosome number 10. In a diploid cell, there would be one tetrad (group of 4 chromatids) for each kind of chromosome. For example, there would be one tetrad for chromosome 8, one for chromsome 9, etc. When the tetraploid little bluestem undergoes meiosis, how many of chromosome number 10 will each sperm cell carry?arrow_forward
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