Biology: Life on Earth (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134256283
Author: Audesirk
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 13, Problem 4FTB
The enzyme_______ synthesizes RNA from the instructions in DNA. For any given gene, only one DNA strand, called the_________ strand, is transcribed. To begin transcribing a gene, this enzyme binds to a specific sequence of DNA bases located at the beginning of the gene. This DNA sequence is called the________. Transcription ends when the enzyme encounters a DNA sequence at the end of the gene called the________.
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Which of the following are steps of transcription? Select all that apply.
a.RNA polymerase assembles a strand of mRNA complementary to the noncoding strand of DNA.
b.RNA polymerase binds to a gene’s promoter.
c.RNA polymerase assembles a strand of mRNA complementary to the coding strand of DNA.
d.RNA polymerase moves over the gene and unzips the double helix to form a “transcription bubble.”
What is a promoter?
Group of answer choices
A region on mRNA that will indicate the ending point for translation.
A triplet base sequence on tRNA that is read during translation.
A short sequence of a DNA upstream from a gene that determines the starting location for transcription.
A triplet base sequence on mRNA that is read during translation.
An enzyme that separates the two strands of DNA during transcription.
Which of the following statements about the transcription process is correct?
a. A protein is made from the RNA base sequence
b. A protein is made from the DNA base sequence
c. RNA is made complimentary to DNA
d. DNA is made complimentary to RNA
Chapter 13 Solutions
Biology: Life on Earth (11th Edition)
Ch. 13 - 1. The molecule that carries the genetic...Ch. 13 - 2. Which of the following is not true of...Ch. 13 - 3. A stop codon
a. signals the end of protein...Ch. 13 - Prob. 4MCCh. 13 - Epigenetic modification of gene expression a....Ch. 13 - Prob. 1FTBCh. 13 - The three types of RNA that are essential for...Ch. 13 - 3. The genetic code uses______ (how many?) bases...Ch. 13 - The enzyme_______ synthesizes RNA from the...Ch. 13 - Prob. 5FTB
Ch. 13 - Prob. 6FTBCh. 13 - How does RNA differ from DNA?Ch. 13 - Prob. 2RQCh. 13 - Define the following terms: genetic code, codon,...Ch. 13 - 4. How is mRNA formed from a eukaryotic gene?
Ch. 13 - 5. Diagram and describe protein synthesis.
Ch. 13 - 6. Explain how complementary base pairing is...Ch. 13 - 7. Describe the principal mechanisms of regulating...Ch. 13 - Define mutation. Describe four different effects...Ch. 13 - Many years ago, some researchers reported that...Ch. 13 - Prob. 2AC
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Which of the following are steps of transcription? Select all that apply. A. RNA polymerase binds to a gene’s promoter. B. RNA polymerase moves over the gene and unzips the double helix to form a “transcription bubble.” C. RNA polymerase assembles a strand of mRNA complementary to the coding strand of DNA. D. RNA polymerase assembles a strand of mRNA complementary to the noncoding strand of DNA.arrow_forwardWhich one of the following features could you use to determine the length of the RNA that is produced based on the gene, before it is processed? The exon and intron sequences The promoter and enhancer sequences The start and stop codons for translation The transcription start and termination sequencesarrow_forwardYou are searching the sequence of a coding strand of DNA. What kinds of sequences would help you find the beginning of a protein-coding gene? Group of answer choices a promoter sequence upstream (to the 5' end) of a transcription start site and an ATG sequence corresponding to the start codon a transcription termination sequence a silencer sequence an ATA sequence corresponding to the codon for isoleucinearrow_forward
- You’re working in Marshall Nirenberg’s lab, trying to decipher the genetic code. You use several different synthetic repeating mRNAs in translation reactions and analyze the sequences of the polypeptides produced from each reaction. The results are summarized below. mRNA sequence used: ...CACACACACACACAC... Polypeptide produced: ...His-Thr-His-Thr-His-Thr ...mRNA sequence used: ...CCACCACCACCACCA...Polypeptide produced: ...Thr-Thr-Thr... and ...Pro-Pro-Pro... and ...His-His-His...mRNA sequence used: ...ACAACAACAACAACA...Polypeptide produced: ...Thr-Thr-Thr... and ...Asn-Asn-Asn... and ...Gln-Gln-Gln... Based on these results, write what amino acid each codon below corresponds to. If there is not enough information to narrow down to one amino acid, write all the possibilities.CAC: ___________________________ ACC: ___________________________ ACA: ___________________________ CAA: ___________________________ CCA: ___________________________ AAC: ___________________________arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements are NOT true? A. Replication is the process of making DNA and takes place in the nucleus of prokaryotic cells. B. Translation produces a polypeptide that may require additional processing to become a functional protein C. Transcription starts at the promoter of eukaryotic cells and scans until reaches the start codon. D. Splicing results in exons being put together and introns being removedarrow_forwardA strand of DNA, TACGCT, serves as a template for mRNA transcription. What would be the correct sequence of mRNA transcribed from this DNA template? ATGCGA UACGCU AUGCGA TACGCTarrow_forward
- In protein synthesis, DNA transcription records the genetic message, while ribosomal ______________ interprets the message. ________________ carries the genetic code to the ribosomes to facilitate protein/amino acid synthesis. The genetic message to make a specific amino acid in a protein, is carried by a specific three nucleotide unit on the messenger RNA called a During transcription, the nitrogen base adenine on the DNA bonds with the nitrogen base ______________ on the messenger RNA. The enzyme __________________ unwinds the DNA double helix in DNA transcription.arrow_forwardOnly one of the two strands of DNA is transcribed because a. RNA polymerase binds to the terminator, stopping transcription on one strand of DNA. b. both strands are transcribed, but only one strand of DNA contains a reading frame. c. DNA consists of only one strand in the nucleus of the cell. d. RNA polymerase binds to the promoter, initiating transcription on only one strand of DNA. e. the start of transcription is random along the chromosome and does not always occur on a gene.arrow_forwardSelect the most complete list of correct structures involved in the process of transcription a. mRNA, amino acids, ribosomes, polypeptide chains b. DNA, mRNA, RNA polymerase, a promoter c. mRNA, polypeptide chains, RNA polymerase d. DNA, mRNA, amino acidsarrow_forward
- Consider an animal. During DNA replication, all base pairs of DNA are copied. But, during transcription, only some of the DNA bases are transcribed. What parts of the DNA or/and protein(s) determines which part of the genome is transcribed into mRNA? (short answer)arrow_forwardEach of the following statements about protein synthesis is false.Correct each to make a true statement. a. In a gene, each nucleotide specifies one amino acid in a protein sequence. b. A transcription factor must bind to the promoter region of a gene before the enzyme DNA synthetase is able to bind and begin transcription. c. The enzyme RNA polymerase builds a strand of transfer RNA, whose codons are complementary to DNA’s triplets. d. Proteins destined for secretion from the cell enter the nucleus after translation, to be folded and modified. e. During translation, amino acids are delivered by the messenger RNA transcriparrow_forwardWhich of the following statements about gene expression is false?a) More than one RNA polymerase can be transcribing a specific gene at a given time.b) More than one ribosome can be translating a specific transcript at a given time.c) Translation begins at a site called a promoter.d) Transcription stops at a site called a terminator.e) Some amino acids are coded for by more than one codon.arrow_forward
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