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The pedigree belowtraces the inheritance of alkaptonuria, a biochemical disorder. Affected individuals, indicated here by the colored circles and squares, are unable to
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- The following pedigree shows the pattern of inheritance of red-green color blindness in a family. Females are shown as circles and males as squares; the squares or circles of individuals affected by the trait are filled in black. What is the chance that a son of the third-generation female indicated by the arrow will be color blind if the father is not color blind? If he is color blind?arrow_forwardThe pedigree below shows that inheritance of a disease that is caused by a late onset, dominant, autosomal mutation that is rare, but only 50% penetrant. The gene that is mutated in the disease is linked at a distance of 10 cm to a microsatellite marker that has alleles numbered 1, 2, and 3. The marker alleles detected in each individual are indicated below. What is the probability that individual A will develop the disease? Explain using an illustration of this occurs.arrow_forwardA woman who is heterozygous for gene B has brown eyes. B is a dominant allele for brown pigmentation, while b is recessive allele for blue pigmentation. The woman has a patch of blue color in her left eye. Give THREE (3) reasons how this might occur.arrow_forward
- In humans, ABO blood types refer to glycoproteins in the membranes of red blood cells. There are three alleles for this autosomal gene: IA, IB, and i. The IA allele codes for the A sugar, The IB allele codes for the B sugar, and the i allele doesn't code for any sugar. IA and IB are codominant, and i is recessive to both IA and IB. If an individual with type AB blood has a child with an individual with type O blood, what blood types could their children possibly have?arrow_forwardThis pedigree traces the inheritance of a trait in humans. Based on this pedigree, is the allele for this disease dominant or recessive? Is it sex-linked? Explain. What genotypes are most probable for the individuals labeled 4, 7, and 10?arrow_forwardCystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive trait. A three-generation pedigree is shown below for a family that carries the mutant allele for cystic fibrosis. Note that carriers are not colored in to allow you to figure out their genotypes. Normal allele = F CF mutant allele = f What is the genotype of individual #13? A) ff B) FF C) Ff D) it is impossible to tellarrow_forward
- The pedigree below shows a family affected by a disease. Assume that the individuals marked with an asterisk (*) do not carry any allele associated with the affected phenotype, no other mutation spontaneously occurred, and complete penetrance. Answer the following questions below. Use the notation XR for the allele associated with the dominant phenotype and Xr for the allele associated with the recessive phenotype. Q1) Give the genotypes for as many individuals in the pedigree as possible.arrow_forwardPls answer the very last question. “ suppose that lll-2 and lll-5 were to have a child. What is the probability that their first child will be have the disorder?”arrow_forwardX‑linked, recessive diseases, such as hemophilia, are extremely rare in the population. However, many women are carriers and show no sign of the disease. The pedigree illustrates the inheritance of an X‑linked, recessive disease. Determine whether the unknown individuals are affected by the disease, unaffected by the disease, or carriers of the X‑linked recessive allele. Unaffected individuals are not carriers of the X‑linked recessive allele.arrow_forward
- Ectrodactyly is a rare condition in which the fingers are absent and the hand is split. This condition is usually inherited as an autosomal dominant trait. Ademar Freire-Maia reported the appearance of ectrodactyly in a family in São Paulo, Brazil, whose pedigree is shown here. Is this pedigree consistent with autosomal dominant inheritance? If not, what mode of inheritance is most likely? Explain your reasoning.arrow_forwardEctrodactyly is a rare condition in which the fingers are absent and the hand is split. This condition is usually inherited as an autosomal dominant trait. Ademar Freire-Maia reported the appearance of ectrodactyly in a family in São Paulo, Brazil, whose pedigree is shown here. Is this pedigree consistent with autosomal dominant inheritance? If not, what mode of inheritance is most likely? Explain your reasoning.arrow_forwardThe following pedigree shows the inheritance of a human disorder. Affected individuals are shown with filled symbols. II III 2 3 5 Based on the pedigree, propose the least likely inheritance pattern of the disease among autosomal dominance, autosomal recessive, X-linked dominance and X-linked recessive. Your choice of answer can be impossible and possible. Explain your answer by giving the evidence that supports or opposes each mode of inheritance. You can reconstruct the table shown below and draw the pedigree in your answer script. Write the possible genotype of each individual in the pedigree for each inheritance pattern proposed. Mode of Possibility Explanations Pedigree inheritance Autosomal dominance Autosomal recessive X-linked dominance X-linked recessivearrow_forward
- Human Biology (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781305112100Author:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillanPublisher:Cengage LearningHuman Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Co...BiologyISBN:9781305251052Author:Michael CummingsPublisher:Cengage Learning