Fundamentals of Heat and Mass Transfer
7th Edition
ISBN: 9780470501979
Author: Frank P. Incropera, David P. DeWitt, Theodore L. Bergman, Adrienne S. Lavine
Publisher: Wiley, John & Sons, Incorporated
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Chapter 14, Problem 14.5P
Estimate values of the mass diffusivity for binary mixtures of the following gases at 350 K and 1 atm:
ammonia—air and hydrogen—air.
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Chapter 14 Solutions
Fundamentals of Heat and Mass Transfer
Ch. 14 - Assuming air to be composed exclusively O2 and N2...Ch. 14 - Consider an ideal gas mixture of n species. (a)...Ch. 14 - A mixture of CO2 and N2 is in a container at 25C ,...Ch. 14 - A He-Xe mixture containing 0.75 mole fraction of...Ch. 14 - Estimate values of the mass diffusivity for binary...Ch. 14 - Consider air in a closed, cylindrical container...Ch. 14 - An old-fashioned glass apothecary jar contains a...Ch. 14 - Consider the evaporation of liquid A into a column...Ch. 14 - An open pan of diameter 0.2 m and height 80mm...Ch. 14 - A spherical droplet of liquid A and radius...
Ch. 14 - The presence of a small amount of air may cause a...Ch. 14 - A laboratory apparatus to measure the diffusion...Ch. 14 - A thin plastic membrane is used to separate helium...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.16PCh. 14 - Consider the radial diffusion of a gaseous species...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.18PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.19PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.20PCh. 14 - Hydrogen at a pressure of 2 atm flows within a...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.22PCh. 14 - Insulation degrades (experiences an increase in...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.24PCh. 14 - Helium gas at 25°C and 4 bars is stored in a...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.26PCh. 14 - An experiment is designed to measure the partition...Ch. 14 - Ultra-pure hydrogen is required in applications...Ch. 14 - Nitric oxide (NO) emissions from automobile...Ch. 14 - Pulverized coal pellets, which may be approximated...Ch. 14 - To enhance the effective surface, and hence the...Ch. 14 - A platinum catalytic reactor in an automobile is...Ch. 14 - A novel process has been proposed to create a...Ch. 14 - Consider a spherical organism of radius r0 within...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.35PCh. 14 - Consider combustion of hydrogen gas in a mixture...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.37PCh. 14 - As an employee of the Los Angeles Air Quality...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.39PCh. 14 - A large sheet of material 4() mm thick contains...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.41PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.43PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.44PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.46PCh. 14 - If an amount of energy Q0(J/m2) is released...Ch. 14 - The presence of CO2 in solution is essential to...Ch. 14 - Consider a DVD similar to that of Problem 5.99. To...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.50PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.51PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.52PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.55PCh. 14 - A person applies an insect repellent onto an...
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- Air at 25°C and atmospheric pressure flows with a velocity of 3 m/s inside a 10mm diameter tube of 1 m length. The inside surface of the tube contains a deposit of naphthalene. Determine the average mass transfer coefficient for the transfer of naphthalene from the pipe surface into the air.arrow_forwardDefine and briefly elaborate the terms listed below, support your elaboration with mathematical equations and illustrations where necessary 1. Concentration boundary layer, Viscous boundary layer and Thermal Boundary Layer 2. Diffusion equation. Laplace's equation and Poisson's Equation for rectangular coordinates. 3. Analogy between heat and mass transfer.arrow_forward9. What is diffusion and convection? Provide an example for each!arrow_forward
- Insulation degrades (experiences an increase in thermal conductivity) if it is subjected to water vapor condensation. The problem may occur in home insulation during cold periods, when vapor in a humidified room diffuses through the drywall (plaster board) and condenses in the adjoining insulation. Estimate the mass diffusion rate for a 3 m × 4 m wall, under conditions for which the vapor pressure is 0.035 bar in the room air and 0.0 bar in the insulation. The drywall is 15 mm thick, and the solubility of water vapor in the wall material is approximately 5 × 10−3 kmol/m3 ⋅ bar. The binary diffusion coefficient for water vapor in the drywall is approximately 10−9 m2/s.arrow_forwardIf the air temperature at 18:00h is 8 C, and the air adjacent to the surface has a relative humidity of 70%, at what time will condensation occur if the evening cooling rate is 1 C/hour? Will the condensation be in the form of dew or frost?arrow_forwardReconsider Prob. 14–22. Using EES (or other) software, plot the diffusion coefficient as a function of the temperature in the range of 200 K to 1200 K. Problem. 14–22 The diffusion coefficient of hydrogen in steel is given as a function of temperature as DAB = 1.65 × 10-6 exp(–4630/T) (m2 /s) where T is in K. Determine the diffusion coefficients at 200 K, 500 K, 1000 K, and 1500 K.arrow_forward
- In a falling-film evaporator, Air at 40℃ and 50 kPa flows through a wetted-wall column with 100 mm diameter at a velocity of 5 m/s. What is the mass-transfer coefficient for the humidification of this stream by evaporation from the wet walls? If the air in this situation is 50 % saturated, and the saturation particle pressure of water vapour at 40℃ is 7375 Pa, what is the local evaporation flux in a unit of kg/m²s?arrow_forwardThe wear resistance of a steel shaft is to be improved by hardening its surface by increasing the nitrogen content within an outer surface layer as a result of nitrogen diffusion into the steel; the nitrogen is to be supplied from an external nitrogen-rich gas at an elevated and constant temperature. The initial nitrogen content of the steel is 0.0020wt%, whereas the surface concentration is to be maintained at 0.50wt%. For this application, a nitrogen content of 0.10wt% at a position 0.40 mm below the surface is desired. I. Will this process be a steady state or non-steady state process? Why? II. Would you expect nitrogen to diffuse by a vacancy mechanism or an interstitial mechanism? Why?arrow_forwardDetermine the settling velocity of a unit-density spherical particle of 0.3 micron (µm) diameter at STP. Given: Cunningham or slip correction factor Cc for a 0.3 µm particle is 1.567 at STP. Determine the Brownian diffusion (root mean square displacement per second) of a unit-density particle of 0.3 µm diameter. Assume STP. Given: Diffusion coefficient of a unit-density spherical particle of 0.3 µm diameter is 1.23 x 10-6 cm2/s at STParrow_forward
- Carbon is allowed to diffuse through a steel plate 11-mm thick. The concentrations of carbon at the two faces are 0.936 and 0.224 kg C/m3 Fe, which are maintained constant. If the preexponential and activation energy are 6.5 × 10-7 m2/s and 82 kJ/mol, respectively, calculate the temperature (in K) at which the diffusion flux is 3.2 × 10-9 kg/(m2-s).arrow_forwardThe diffusion coefficients for iron in nickel are given at two temperatures: T (K) D (m2/s) 1273 9.4 × 10–16 1473 2.4 × 10–14 R is the ideal gas constant, 8.314 J/mol K. T is the absolute temperature in ____degrees K. _____ Determine the values of D0 and_____ the activation energy Qd. What is the magnitude of D at 1100ºC (1373 K)?arrow_forwardThe diffusion coefficient of Ni in Cu at 1025 C is 10-9 cm2 s-1. How long does it take for the mean square root of the distance to be 1 cm?arrow_forward
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