Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The fish-hook curved-arrow notation to derive the missing resonance structure is to be stated.
Concept introduction:
Resonance is the phenomena of the delocalization of pi electrons to give extra stability to the molecule. This extra stability comes from the distribution of the energy of the molecule in the resonance structures formed.
(b)
Interpretation:
The fishhook mechanism for the co-
Concept introduction:
The co-
(c)
Interpretation:
The reason behind the fact that diene part of the polymer has mostly trans double bond stereochemistry is to be stated.
Concept introduction:
The co-polymer is the polymer obtained by the polymerization of two or more different monomer units. The copolymers are usually formed by the condensation polymerization. Some examples of copolymers are nylon and polyethylene.
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EBK ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- (B). Write the chemical reactions of 2-chloro-2-methylbutane with the following two sets of reagents/experimental conditions given below. In each case, denote the type of the chemical reaction: (i). NaOH/H2O/heat: (ii). NaOH/CH3CH2OH/heat:arrow_forward(a) One test for the presence of an alkene is to add a smallamount of bromine, which is a red-brown liquid, and lookfor the disappearance of the red-brown color. This test doesnot work for detecting the presence of an aromatic hydrocarbon.Explain. (b) Write a series of reactions leading topara-bromoethylbenzene, beginning with benzene andusing other reagents as needed. What isomeric side productsmight also be formed?arrow_forwardAlthough benzene is normally written with three double bonds, benzene is not reactive towards many reagents that alkenes normally react with. This lack of reactivity can be explained by the unusual stability created by cyclic conjugation. (i) describe at least one of the physical properties of benzene that demonstrates how the true structure of benzene does match the way the structure is normally written (ii) explain how the unusual stability of benzenecan demonstrated by its thermodynamic properties through some form of experiment. (iii) include an appropriately labeled diagram as part of your answer (you do not have to quote any numerical values)arrow_forward
- (a) The monochlorination of butane occurs in the presence of UV light with limited chlorine. List the names of the products that would be observed in (i) Initiation step (ii) Propagation step and (iii) Termination step. (b) Would this reaction have a major and minor product? Explain your answer.arrow_forwardFuran undergoes electrophilic aromatic substitution more readily than benzene; mild reagents and conditions are sufficient.For example, furan reacts with bromine to give 2-bromofuran.(a) Propose mechanisms for the bromination of furan at the 2-position and at the 3-position. Draw the resonance forms ofeach sigma complex, and compare their stabilities.(b) Explain why furan undergoes bromination (and other electrophilic aromatic substitutions) primarily at the 2-position.O Br O123furan 2-bromofuranarrow_forwardGive to all parts? (a) Give the complete mechanism for the reaction of trans-2-butene with Br2 in excess H2O. (b) Name the products (including stereochemistry). (c) Give the complete mechanism for the reaction of trans-2-butene with Br2 in excess H2O. (d) Name the products (including stereochemistry).arrow_forward
- Explain why (i) the dipole moment in chlorobenzene is lower than that of cyclohexyl chloride. (ii) haloalkanes are only slightly soluble in water but dissolve easily in organic solvents.arrow_forward(a) Cyclohexa-1,3-diene can be converted into a tetrasubstituted haloalkane when reacted with bromine in ether. Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction that occurs and state the expected observation. (b) Compound A and B are alkenes with the same molecular formula C5H10. Compound A is a branched-chain alkene while compound B is a straight-chain alkene. The reaction between compound A with hydrogen bromide produces major product C which is optically active. (i) Draw TWO (2) possible structures for compound B. (ii) Outline the mechanism for the reaction between compound A with hydrogen bromide to form major product C. (iii) Name the product formed when compound A undergoes bromination reaction.arrow_forward(a) When cyclopropane is treated with HI, 1-iodopropaneis formed. A similar type of reaction does not occur withcyclopentane or cyclohexane. Suggest an explanation forcyclopropane’s reactivity. (b) Suggest a method of preparingethylbenzene, starting with benzene and ethylene asthe only organic reagents.arrow_forward
- An equimolar blend of 1,4-hydroquinone diallylether and ethylene glycol dimercaptoacetate containing a small amount of benzophenone (radical photoinitiator) is polymerized by irradiating the blend with ultraviolet (UV) light. (a) Write a balanced chemical equation for the polymerization. (b) How would you classify this polymerization according to the reaction mechanism? (c) Calculate the extent of reaction needed to produce a polymer with a number average molar mass of 20,000 g/mole (neglect the effect of end groups in the calculation). (d) Draw the structure of the polymer that is obtained when the mole ratio of diallyl ether to dithiol is 1.1. (e) Explain briefly the consequences of including a tetrafunctional thiol in the polymerization with the exact stoichiometry 2:1:4 of difunctional thiol to tetrafunctional thiol to difunctional allylic ether. HS HS 1,4-hydroquinone diallylether Ethylene glycol dimercaptoacetatearrow_forwardTwo organic compounds D and F with molecular formula C4H9Br react with suitable reagents to form E and G via SN1 and SN2 respectively. Both E and G have a molecular formula C4H10O. (a) Draw the structural formulae for D, E, F and G. (b) Suggest reagents for the formation of E and G. (c) Write the mechanism for the formation of E.arrow_forwardUse bond-dissociation enthalpies (Table 4-2, p. 167) to calculate values of ∆H° for the following reactions. (a) CH3¬CH3 + I2 ¡ CH3CH2I + HI(b) CH3CH2Cl + HI ¡ CH3CH2I + HCl(c) (CH3)3C¬OH + HCl ¡ (CH3)3C¬Cl + H2O (d) CH3CH2CH3 + H2 ¡ CH3CH3 + CH4 (e) CH3CH2OH + HBr ¡ CH3CH2¬Br + H2Oarrow_forward
- Organic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305580350Author:William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. FootePublisher:Cengage Learning