PRINCIPLES OF MACROECONOMICS(LOOSELEAF)
7th Edition
ISBN: 9781260110920
Author: Frank
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 15, Problem 1P
To determine
Calculation of short-run equilibrium output and graphical representation of aggregate demand curve.
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Suppose real and potential GDP are initially equal. If the Fed increases the target inflation rate, then in the short run we would expect
a decrease in the rate of inflation.
an increase in the rate of inflation.
a higher real rate of interest.
lower unemployment.
a higher nominal interest rate.
What is the tradeoff that the Fed faces in the short run?
In the short run, the Fed faces a tradeoff between ________.
A.
the nominal interest rate and the real interest rate
B.
monetary aggregates and credit aggregates
C.
short-term interest rates and long-term interest rates
D.
inflation and unemployment
Suppose the current inflation rate is a constant 7% and the central bank implements a disinflation policy to reduce it to its target rate of 3%. To achieve this objective the central bank, by increasing its cash rate, raise the nominal interest rate from its current 9% to 14%. In the long run, at which the central bank achieves its inflation target, what will be the nominal rate of interest, the real rate of interest and the inflation rate?
Chapter 15 Solutions
PRINCIPLES OF MACROECONOMICS(LOOSELEAF)
Ch. 15.A - Prob. 15A.1CCCh. 15 - Prob. 1RQCh. 15 - Prob. 2RQCh. 15 - Prob. 3RQCh. 15 - Prob. 4RQCh. 15 - Prob. 5RQCh. 15 - Prob. 6RQCh. 15 - Prob. 7RQCh. 15 - Why, in the absence of public beliefs that the...Ch. 15 - Prob. 9RQ
Ch. 15 - Prob. 10RQCh. 15 - Prob. 1PCh. 15 - For the economy in Problem 1, suppose that...Ch. 15 - Prob. 3PCh. 15 - Prob. 4PCh. 15 - For each of the following, use an AD-AS diagram to...Ch. 15 - Prob. 6PCh. 15 - Suppose that a permanent increase in oil prices...Ch. 15 - An economy is initially in recession. Using the...Ch. 15 - Prob. 9PCh. 15 - Prob. 10PCh. 15 - Prob. 11PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.1CCCh. 15 - Prob. 15.2CCCh. 15 - Prob. 15.3CCCh. 15 - Prob. 15.4CCCh. 15 - Prob. 15.5CCCh. 15 - Prob. 15.6CCCh. 15 - Prob. 15.7CCCh. 15 - Prob. 15.8CCCh. 15 - Prob. 15.9CCCh. 15 - Prob. 15.10CC
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- Suppose the Federal Reserve (the Fed) announces that it is lowering its target interest rate by 75 basis points, or 0.75%. It would achieve this by ______the ________. Use the green line (triangle symbols) on the preceding graph to illustrate the effects of this policy. Place the black point (plus symbol) on the graph to indicate the new equilibrium interest rate and quantity of money. The sequence of events that results in a new equilibrium interest rate, after the Fed makes the change you selected, may be described as follows: Because there is__________money in the financial system, there is an excess _________ money at the initial equilibrium interest rate. Individuals and businesses adjust their asset portfolios by _______bonds. As a result, the price of bonds_________ , and the interest rate______ . This process continues until the new equilibrium interest rate is achieved.arrow_forwardZ in the rule stands for all the factors that affect the Fed’s interest rate decision except for Y and P. Since we have taken G to be positive, the factors in Z are defined to be such that a high value of a factor makes the Fed inclined to have a high interest-rate value, other things being equal.arrow_forwardIf the economy is in a long-run equilibrium when the Federal Reserve decides that its inflation target is too low and chooses to raise it, ________. A) it would likely conduct a tightening of monetary policy by raising the real interest rate for any given inflation rate B) it would likely conduct an easing of monetary policy by lowering the real interest rate for any given inflation rate C) it would likely conduct an easing of monetary policy where the real interest rate would increase due to the ensuing decrease in aggregate demand D) it would likely conduct a tightening of monetary policy where the real interest rate would increase due to the ensuing increase in aggregate demand E) none of the abovearrow_forward
- According to Friedman, in which of the following situations is the economy in long-run equilibrium? a. The expected economic growth rate is 3 percent and the actual inflation rate is 3 percent. b. The average inflation rate over the past five years is 2 percent and the expected inflation rate is 2 percent. c. The expected inflation rate is 3 percent and the actual inflation rate is 3 percent. d. The expected economic growth rate is 2 percent and the expected inflation rate is 2 percent.arrow_forwardSuppose the Fed announces that it is raising its target interest rate by 25 basis points, or 0.25 percentage point. To do this, the Fed will use open-market operations to the money by the public. Use the green line (triangle symbol) on the previous graph to illustrate the effects of this policy by placing the new money supply curve (MS) in the correct location. Place the black point (plus symbol) at the new equilibrium interest rate and quantity of money. Suppose the following graph shows the aggregate demand curve for this economy. The Fed's policy of targeting a higher interest rate will the cost of borrowing, causing residential and business investment spending to and the quantity of output demanded to at each price level. Note:- Do not provide handwritten solution. Maintain accuracy and quality in your answer. Take care of plagiarism. Answer completely. You will get up vote for sure.arrow_forwardIf the Fed indicates that inflation is likely to be a concern in the near future, the public would expect that it might Lower interest rates at its next meeting Not change interest rates at its next meeting Raise interest rates at its next meeting Lower interest rates before its next meeting Decrease the federal budget deficit at its next meetingarrow_forward
- Suppose that the central bank must follow a rule that requires it to increase the money supply when the price level falls and decrease the money supply when the price level rises. If the economy starts from long-run equilibrium and aggregate supply shifts left, the central bank must a. decrease the money supply, which will move output back towards its long-run level. b. decrease the money supply, which will move output farther from its long-run level. c. increase the money supply, which will move output back towards its long-run level. d. increase the money supply, which will move output farther from its long-run level.arrow_forwardSuppose the Federal Reserve ("the Fed") shifts to an expansionary monetary policy by buying bonds through open-market operations. Assume that this policy is unanticipated. This problem will work through the short-run effects of this move. The following graph shows the money demand and money supply curves. Show the effect of the Fed's expansionary monetary policy by shifting one or both of the curves, and ignore any potential feedback effects. As a result of the Fed's policy, the interest rate to . Money DemandMoney Supply03006009001200150018006543210INTEREST RATE (Percent)QUANTITY OF MONEY (Billions of dollars)Money Demand Money Supply 900, 3 The following graph shows the demand for investment. Show the short-run effect of the Fed's expansionary monetary policy by shifting the curve or moving the point along the curve. Again, ignore any potential feedback effects. Be sure the new interest rate corresponds to the interest rate you have on the top graph.…arrow_forwardSuppose that actual inflation is 2.5 percent, the Fed's inflation target is 2 percentage points, and unemployment rate is 2.5 (which is 1.5 percent below the Fed's full-employment target of 4 percent). According to the Taylor Rule, what value will the Fed want to set for its targeted interest rate?arrow_forward
- In April 2020, as a result of the coronavirus -- along with the Governments’ “shuttering in” policies -- the United States experienced deflation, rising unemployment (from 4.4% to 14.7%) and falling GDP (annualized at a negative 4.8%). As a result, the Fed lowered the Federal Funds rate to zero percent (0%). The natural rate of unemployment in the United States is 4.5%. Assume that in May 2021, the inflation rate had increased to 2.6% (annualized) -- yet the inflation rate was expected to fall beneath 1.4% (annualized) beginning in July 2021 -- and the unemployment rate fell to 6% in the United States. As a result, the most likely policy for the Fed is to A. lower the targeted federal funds rate to a negative 1% (-1%) to be consistent with the ECB B. maintain the current targeted federal funds rate. C. increase the targeted federal funds rate consistent with the long run Phillips Curve D. increase the targeted federal funds rate…arrow_forwardWhen the Fed sells bonds, the amount of money in circulation in the economy_______ . This drives interest rates_________ , which causes businesses to invest________ in capital improvements such as new factories and upgraded equipment. The result is_________ in aggregate demand,________ in the equilibrium price level, and______ in the equilibrium level of real GDP.arrow_forwardSuppose the U.S. economy is initially at long run equilibrium, when there is an unexpected large increase in the price of steel used by firms in production.How does this impact the U.S. economy? (write out either "inflationary" or "recessionary" In response to this what monetary policy would the Fed employ? (write one of the following: "raise taxes", "lower taxes", "raise money supply", or "lower money supply"What is the most likely way the Fed will accomplish this change in the monetary policy? (write one of the following: "buy securities", "sell securities", "raise discount rate", "lower discount rate", or "legislation"This action by the Fed will cause interest rates to _______. (Write out "increase" or "decrease"The end result of the monetary policy is a shift of which curve in which direction. (Write out one of the following: "AD right", "AD left" "AS left", "AS right"arrow_forward
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