BIOLOGY CONNECT ACCESS CARD
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781264037452
Author: Raven
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 15, Problem 2IQ
Summary Introduction
To describe: Why the genetic code is believed to be nearly universal.
Introduction: To convert genotype to
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Chapter 15 Solutions
BIOLOGY CONNECT ACCESS CARD
Ch. 15.1 - Prob. 1LOCh. 15.1 - Prob. 2LOCh. 15.1 - List the roles played by RNA in gene expression.Ch. 15.2 - Prob. 1LOCh. 15.2 - Describe the characteristics of the genetic code.Ch. 15.2 - Prob. 3LOCh. 15.3 - Prob. 1LOCh. 15.3 - Differentiate among initiation, elongation, and...Ch. 15.3 - Prob. 3LOCh. 15.4 - Prob. 1LO
Ch. 15.4 - Prob. 2LOCh. 15.4 - Explain the differences between bacterial and...Ch. 15.5 - Prob. 1LOCh. 15.5 - Prob. 2LOCh. 15.5 - Prob. 3LOCh. 15.6 - Explain why the tRNA charging reaction is critical...Ch. 15.6 - Prob. 2LOCh. 15.7 - Prob. 1LOCh. 15.7 - Prob. 2LOCh. 15.7 - Compare translation on the RER and in the...Ch. 15.9 - Prob. 1LOCh. 15.9 - Explain the nature of triplet repeat expansion.Ch. 15.9 - Prob. 3LOCh. 15 - Prob. 1DACh. 15 - Prob. 2DACh. 15 - Prob. 1IQCh. 15 - Prob. 2IQCh. 15 - Prob. 3IQCh. 15 - The experiments with nutritional mutants in...Ch. 15 - What is the central dogma of molecular biology? a....Ch. 15 - In the genetic code, one codon a. consists of...Ch. 15 - Eukaryotic transcription differs from prokaryotic...Ch. 15 - An anticodon would be found on which of the...Ch. 15 - RNA polymerase binds to a ________ to initiate...Ch. 15 - During translation, the codon in mRNA is actually...Ch. 15 - You have mutants that all affect the same...Ch. 15 - The splicing process a. occurs in prokaryotes. b....Ch. 15 - The enzyme that forms peptide bonds is called...Ch. 15 - In comparing gene expression in prokaryotes and...Ch. 15 - The codon CCA could be mutated to produce a. a...Ch. 15 - An inversion will a. necessarily cause a mutant...Ch. 15 - What is the relationship between mutations and...Ch. 15 - Prob. 1SCh. 15 - Frameshift mutations often result in truncated...Ch. 15 - Describe how each of the following mutations will...Ch. 15 - There are a number of features that are unique 10...
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- What percentage of the DNA in the genome actually corresponds to genes? How much is actually protein-coding exons? What makes up the rest?arrow_forwardIf the genetic code uses triplets, how many different amino acids can be coded by a repeating RNA polymer composed of UA and UC (UAUCUAUCUAUC ...)? a. one b. two c. three d. four e. fivearrow_forwardBelow is a sequence of 540 bases from a genome. What information would you use to find the beginnings and ends of open reading frames? How many open reading frames can you find in this sequence? Which open reading frame is likely to represent a protein- coding sequence, and why? Which are probably not functioning protein-coding sequences, and why? Note: for simplicitys sake, analyze only this one strand of the DNA double helix, reading from left to right, so you will only be analyzing three of the six reading frames shown in Figure 19.4.arrow_forward
- The genetic code is nearly universal. This means: almost every species uses the same code, but there are a few exceptions all humans use the same code with a few exceptions it was created at the beginning of the universe scientists don’t know for sure if it is universalarrow_forwardlook at the code: import random # Define the DNA nucleotidesnucleotides = ["A", "T", "G", "C"] # Define the codon-to-amino acid dictionarycodon_table = { "AUG": "M", # Start codon "UUU": "F", "UUC": "F", "UUA": "L", "UUG": "L", "UCU": "S", "UCC": "S", "UCA": "S", "UCG": "S", "UAU": "Y", "UAC": "Y", "UAA": "*", # Stop codon "UAG": "*", # Stop codon "UGU": "C", "UGC": "C", "UGA": "*", # Stop codon "UGG": "W", "CUU": "L", "CUC": "L", "CUA": "L", "CUG": "L", "CCU": "P", "CCC": "P", "CCA": "P", "CCG": "P", "CAU": "H", "CAC": "H", "CAA": "Q", "CAG": "Q", "CGU": "R", "CGC": "R", "CGA": "R", "CGG": "R", "AUU": "I", "AUC": "I", "AUA": "I", "AUC": "I", "ACU": "T", "ACC": "T", "ACA": "T", "ACG": "T", "AAU": "N", "AAC": "N", "AAA": "K", "AAG": "K", "AGU": "S", "AGC": "S", "AGA": "R", "AGG": "R", "GUU": "V", "GUC": "V", "GUA": "V",…arrow_forwardHow does one label the DNA-strands that look like this--------------------------------------------and mark the four ends with correct designations.The DNA-strand does contain a gene. In and around the gene sequence, mark the following areas with Exon Poly A tail addition signal Promoter Starcodon Introns Stop codon Does the gene from the drawing come from a pro- or a eukaryotic organism?arrow_forward
- Use this genetic code table for some of the questions ahead. You do not need to memorize the code, except for the start codon (AUG = Met) and the stop codons (UAA, UAG, UGA). Which of the following statements about the genetic code is correct? A) All codons specify more than one amino acid. B) The genetic code is redundant. C) All amino acids are specified by more than one codon. D) All codons specify an amino acid.arrow_forwardWhy are consensus sequences found in cis-elements typically only 5-6 bases long?Question 19 options: because 6 specific nucleotides is so unique that you would never find the same 6 nucleotides anywhere else in the genome. because they don't want to be too specific because it developed that way by random chance through evolution because only 5-6 bases are exposed to one side of the DNA helix because proteins are very small and can only span 5-6 basesarrow_forwardThe human genome sequence encodes many more mRNA transcripts than there are genes. Why isn’t the number the same?arrow_forward
- Explain why the genetic code is said to be redundant and virtually universal? How these features may reflect its evolutionary history?arrow_forwardYou have sequenced the genome of the bacterium Salmonella typhimurium and find a protein that is 100 percent identical to a protein in the bacterium Escherichia coli. When you compare nucleotide sequences of the S. typhimurium and E. coli genes, you find that their nucleotide sequences are only 87 percent identical. How would you interpret the observations? Please make sure to select ALL correct answer options. Because genetic code is redundant, changes in the DNA nucleotide sequence can occur without change to its encoded protein. Due to the flexibility in the third positions of most codons, the DNA sequence can accumulate changes without affecting protein structure. Natural selection will eliminate many deleterious amino acid changes. This will reduce the rate of change in the amino acid sequence and lead to sequence conservation of the proteins. Protein sequences are expected to evolve and diverge more slowly than the genes that encode them.arrow_forwardThe following DNA sequence corresponds to the two extreme ends of a gene's coding region: 10 5' ATG-GAA-CCG Each codon is separated by a dash and the middle of the gene is represented by "...". Refer to the codon table to answer each question. First position (5' end) U 13 C #t A U UUU UUC UUA UUG CUU CUC CUA CUG Phe Leu Leu AUU AUC lle AUA CAG-TGA 3' * $ UCU UCC UCA UCG CCU CCC CCA CCG ully understand the concept covered in this question? ACU ACC ACA 15 Second position C A U ( 49 Ser U Pro Thr 16 UAU UAC UAA stop UAG stop 4- CAU CAC CAA CAG AAU AAC AAA It's Muddy Tyr 17 His Gln Asn Glu Q Search S It's Clear J+ & UGU U UGC C UGA stop A UGG Trp G CGU CGC CGA CGG AGU AGC AGA G LC 18 N Cys Arg Ser * fg U C A G hp U C A a DII Third position (3' end) ✓ Submit Answer C f10 ( O □arrow_forward
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