Practical steam engines utilize 45 0 ° C steam, which is later exhausted at 27 0 ° C . (a) What is the maximum eficiency that such a heat engine can have? (b) Since 27 0 ° C steam is still quite hot, at second steam engine is sometimes operated using the exhaust of the first. What is the maximum eficiency of the second engine if its exhaust has a temperature of 15 0 ° C ? (c) What is the overall eficiency of the two engines? (d) Show that this is the same eficiency as a single Carnot engine operating between 45 0 ° C and 15 0 ° C . Explicitly show how you follow the steps in the Problem-Solving Strategies for Thermodynamics .
Practical steam engines utilize 45 0 ° C steam, which is later exhausted at 27 0 ° C . (a) What is the maximum eficiency that such a heat engine can have? (b) Since 27 0 ° C steam is still quite hot, at second steam engine is sometimes operated using the exhaust of the first. What is the maximum eficiency of the second engine if its exhaust has a temperature of 15 0 ° C ? (c) What is the overall eficiency of the two engines? (d) Show that this is the same eficiency as a single Carnot engine operating between 45 0 ° C and 15 0 ° C . Explicitly show how you follow the steps in the Problem-Solving Strategies for Thermodynamics .
Practical steam engines utilize
45
0
°
C
steam, which is later exhausted at
27
0
°
C
. (a) What is the maximum eficiency that such a heat engine can have? (b) Since
27
0
°
C
steam is still quite hot, at second steam engine is sometimes operated using the exhaust of the first. What is the maximum eficiency of the second engine if its exhaust has a temperature of
15
0
°
C
? (c) What is the overall eficiency of the two engines? (d) Show that this is the same eficiency as a single Carnot engine operating between
45
0
°
C
and
15
0
°
C
. Explicitly show how you follow the steps in the Problem-Solving Strategies for Thermodynamics.
Science that deals with the amount of energy transferred from one equilibrium state to another equilibrium state.
It is claimed that a certain cyclical heat engine operates between the temperatures of TH = 460°C and TC = 153°C and performs W = 4.1MJ of work on a heat input of QH = 5.05 MJ.
- How much heat, in megajoules, would be discharged into the low-temperature reservoir?
A 50-m-long section of a steam pipe whose outer diameteris 10 cm passes through an open space at 15°C. The averagetemperature of the outer surface of the pipe is measured to be150°C. If the combined heat transfer coefficient on the outer surfaceof the pipe is 20 W/m2·K, determine (a) the rate of heat lossfrom the steam pipe; (b) the annual cost of this energy lost if steamis generated in a natural gas furnace that has an efficiency of 75percent and the price of natural gas is $0.52/therm (1 therm =105,500 kJ); and (c) the thickness of fiberglass insulation(k = 0.035 W/m·K) needed in order to save 90 percent of the heatlost. Assume the pipe temperature to remain constant at 150°C.
A system gains 3080 J of heat at a constant pressure of 1.28 × 105 Pa, and its internal energy increases by 4090 J. What is the change in the volume of the system, and is it an increase or a decrease?
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