EBK CONCEPTS OF GENETICS
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780134818979
Author: Killian
Publisher: YUZU
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Chapter 15, Problem 3NST
The cancer drug melphalan is an alkylating agent of the mustard gas family. It acts in two ways: by causing alkylation of guanine bases and by cross linking DNA strands together. Describe two ways in which melphalan might kill cancer cells. What are two ways in which cancer cells could repair the DNA-damaging effects of melphalan?
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Chapter 15 Solutions
EBK CONCEPTS OF GENETICS
Ch. 15 - If a point mutation occurs within a human egg cell...Ch. 15 - One of the most famous cases of an X-linked...Ch. 15 - The cancer drug melphalan is an alkylating agent...Ch. 15 - Geneticists often use the alkylating agent...Ch. 15 - Six months pregnant, an expectant mother had a...Ch. 15 - Six months pregnant, an expectant mother had a...Ch. 15 - HOW DO WE KNOW? In this chapter, we focused on how...Ch. 15 - CONCEPT QUESTION Review the Chapter Concepts list...Ch. 15 - What is a spontaneous mutation, and why are...Ch. 15 - Prob. 4PDQ
Ch. 15 - Prob. 5PDQCh. 15 - Why is a random mutation more likely to be...Ch. 15 - Most mutations in a diploid organism are...Ch. 15 - What is the difference between a silent mutation...Ch. 15 - Describe a tautomeric shift and how it may lead to...Ch. 15 - Contrast and compare the mutagenic effects of...Ch. 15 - Why are frameshift mutations likely to be more...Ch. 15 - Why are X rays more potent mutagens than UV...Ch. 15 - DNA damage brought on by a variety of natural and...Ch. 15 - Contrast the various types of DNA repair...Ch. 15 - Mammography is an accurate screening technique for...Ch. 15 - A significant number of mutations in the HBB gene...Ch. 15 - Describe how the Ames test screens for potential...Ch. 15 - Prob. 18PDQCh. 15 - Compare DNA transposons and retrotransposons. What...Ch. 15 - Prob. 20PDQCh. 15 - In maize, a Ds or Ac transposon can alter the...Ch. 15 - Prob. 22PDQCh. 15 - In a bacterial culture in which all cells are...Ch. 15 - Presented here are hypothetical findings from...Ch. 15 - Prob. 25ESPCh. 15 - Prob. 26ESPCh. 15 - What evidence indicates that mutations in human...Ch. 15 - Among Betazoids in the world of Star Trek, the...Ch. 15 - Skin cancer carries a lifetime risk nearly equal...Ch. 15 - It has been noted that most transposons in humans...Ch. 15 - Mutations in the IL2RG gene cause approximately 30...
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- 5-Azacytidine is a reagent that suppresses DNA methylation through its conversion to 5-azadeoxycytidine triphosphate. Outline a metabolic pathway leading from Aza-C to Aza-dCTP.arrow_forwardCytosine can be deaminated to form Uracil What type of mutation is this classified as? Discuss what happens to the base-pairing properties from switching from C to U? When U is replicated in two rounds of synthesis, what substitution does this result in? Before Uracil alters the DNA during replication, what repair system can be used to correct this error? Describe how this type of DNA repair works?arrow_forwardGive the name of the enzyme that catalyzes each of the following reactions:(a) Makes a DNA strand from a DNA template. (b) Makes a DNA strand from an RNA template. (c) Makes an RNA strand from a DNA templatearrow_forward
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- What are the three possible effects on the cell (or organism) when a mutation occurs in DNA? Which ones are most common? Which one is rare?arrow_forwardThere are two types of excision repair, base excision repair (BER) and nucleotide excision repair (NER). Which enzymes are used in Base excision repair in E. coli?And In nucleotide excision repair, what kind of damage is repaired by this mechanism and why are cutsmade on both sides of the damaged region of DNA?arrow_forwardDiscuss the following statement: “the DNA repair enzymes that fix deamination and depurination damage must preferentially recognize such damage on newly synthesized DNA strands.”arrow_forward
- While there is a T nucleotide in one position in one of the double chains, if there is a G nucleotide opposite this nucleotide in the complementary chain; Does this pose a problem? If you think it will cause a problem, explain what kind of problem it may create. What repair systems might work to fix this problem? Briefly describe the operation of these systems.arrow_forwardScientists identify a tumor cell in rats that divides more rapidly in the presence of galactose. When they sequence the DNA of the tumor cells, they identify retroviral DNA. Explain what circumstances might have occurred that produced this phenotype.arrow_forwardWhat is/are the attributes that make nucleotide excision repair (NER) and base excision repair (BER) similar and/or different from each other? Select the correct response: The NER pathway is the only one that can remove DNA lesions in the strand regardless of their size which is followed by attaching the correct strand, then sealed by a DNA ligase. They both use the enzyme DNA glycosylases that recognizes the damaged DNA segments and proceed with repairing the faulty base in the strand. They differ NER only repairs purine bases while BER repairs pyrimidine bases. They both remove the damaged parts of the DNA where the BER pathway corrects only the identified damaged bases which are usually non-bulky lesions. The NER pathway, on the other hand, repairs the damage by removal of bulky DNA adducts which is a short-single stranded DNA segment. They both utilize the enzyme photolyase to reverse the damages created by the faulty section of the DNA. They both remove the damaged parts of the…arrow_forward
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