EBK CONCEPTS OF GENETICS
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780134818979
Author: Killian
Publisher: YUZU
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Chapter 15, Problem 5PDQ
Summary Introduction
To determine: The reason behind considering mutations important for the process of evolution if they are thought to be deleterious.
Introduction: Mutation is defined as any change in the
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Some mutations affect changes in protein structure and function that can result in disease whereas other mutations have no significant effects on protein structure and function.
Please explain reasons for the above mentioned statement.
Human civilization has resulted in a large number of potentially mutagenic chemicals (e.g. pesticides) and has changed the environment to increase the likelihood of encountering other mutagens, especially UV radiation. What roles should the authorities play in identifying mutagens and regulating their release into the environment?
Why is a random mutation more likely to be
deleterious than
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Are mutations equally likely to occur in all locations in the genome? Why or why not?
Chapter 15 Solutions
EBK CONCEPTS OF GENETICS
Ch. 15 - If a point mutation occurs within a human egg cell...Ch. 15 - One of the most famous cases of an X-linked...Ch. 15 - The cancer drug melphalan is an alkylating agent...Ch. 15 - Geneticists often use the alkylating agent...Ch. 15 - Six months pregnant, an expectant mother had a...Ch. 15 - Six months pregnant, an expectant mother had a...Ch. 15 - HOW DO WE KNOW? In this chapter, we focused on how...Ch. 15 - CONCEPT QUESTION Review the Chapter Concepts list...Ch. 15 - What is a spontaneous mutation, and why are...Ch. 15 - Prob. 4PDQ
Ch. 15 - Prob. 5PDQCh. 15 - Why is a random mutation more likely to be...Ch. 15 - Most mutations in a diploid organism are...Ch. 15 - What is the difference between a silent mutation...Ch. 15 - Describe a tautomeric shift and how it may lead to...Ch. 15 - Contrast and compare the mutagenic effects of...Ch. 15 - Why are frameshift mutations likely to be more...Ch. 15 - Why are X rays more potent mutagens than UV...Ch. 15 - DNA damage brought on by a variety of natural and...Ch. 15 - Contrast the various types of DNA repair...Ch. 15 - Mammography is an accurate screening technique for...Ch. 15 - A significant number of mutations in the HBB gene...Ch. 15 - Describe how the Ames test screens for potential...Ch. 15 - Prob. 18PDQCh. 15 - Compare DNA transposons and retrotransposons. What...Ch. 15 - Prob. 20PDQCh. 15 - In maize, a Ds or Ac transposon can alter the...Ch. 15 - Prob. 22PDQCh. 15 - In a bacterial culture in which all cells are...Ch. 15 - Presented here are hypothetical findings from...Ch. 15 - Prob. 25ESPCh. 15 - Prob. 26ESPCh. 15 - What evidence indicates that mutations in human...Ch. 15 - Among Betazoids in the world of Star Trek, the...Ch. 15 - Skin cancer carries a lifetime risk nearly equal...Ch. 15 - It has been noted that most transposons in humans...Ch. 15 - Mutations in the IL2RG gene cause approximately 30...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- As discussed, the overall rate of mutations in humans is estimated to be about 1 × 10−8 mutations per base pair per generation. How many new mutations would you expect each person to carry, on average, based on this mutation rate? Other studies have estimated that each person carries about 100 new loss-of-function mutations. How does this number compare with your estimate of the number of mutations based on the mutation rate? What might account for any differences?arrow_forwardA mutation is a change that occurs in our DNA sequence, either due to mistakes when the DNA is copied or as the result of environmental factors. All BUT ONE of the statements below correctly describes or explains genetic mutations. A) Mutation can disrupt normal cell activity and cause diseases, like cancer. B) Mutations in parents' cells are then passed down to offspring via reproduction. C) Our cells can recognise any potentially mutation-causing damage and repair it before it permanent. D) Mutations can occur as the result of exposure to environmental factors such as smoking, toxins and radiation.arrow_forwardMany aspects of gene function can be nicely explained with the one-gene-one-enzyme hypothesis, which states that a gene controls the production of an enzyme. Which of the following findings about gene expression, though, requires an expansion of this simple concept? Choose an answer below: Non-enzyme proteins are made from genes too. Some genes code for RNA molecules only. Enzymes composed of different polypeptides are coded for by more than one gene. a and c, but not b a, b, and carrow_forward
- One unexpected result of the sequencing of the human genome was the finding that mutations in a single gene can be responsible for multiple distinct disorders. How do you think mutations in a single gene can have such diverse effects?arrow_forwardSynpolydactyly is an abnormality characterized by webbing between partially or completely duplicated fingers or toes (Figure 18.15). The same mutations that cause the human phenotype give rise to a similar phenotype in mice. In what family of genes do you think these mutations occur?arrow_forwardMany aspects of gene function can be nicely explained with the one- gene-one-enzyme hypothesis, which states that a gene controls the production of an enzyme. Which of the following findings about gene expression, though, requires an expansion of this simple concept? Non-enzyme proteins are made from genes too. Some genes code for RNA molecules only. Enzymes composed of different polypeptides are coded for by more than one gene. a and c, but not b a, b, and carrow_forward
- Some bacteria might be able to respond to environmental stress by increasing the rate at which mutations occur during cell division. How might this be accomplished? Do you think there would be an evolutionary advantage of this ability? Explain.arrow_forwardCan a harmful mutation-causing genetic disease exist from generation to generation without exhibiting the symptoms of the disease? Explain.arrow_forwardGene mutations can be classified in two major ways:(1) hereditary or germline mutations that are inherited from a parent and are present throughout a person’s life in virtually every cell in the body.(2) acquired or somatic mutations that occur at some time during a person’s life and are present only in certain cells, not in every cell in the body.If there is no family history of a particular disease but a child has the disease then it may have arisen due to a(n) ________ mutation early during development. A) acquired B) inherited C) silent D) transitionarrow_forward
- Some mutations affect changes in protein structure and function that can result in disease whereas other mutations have no significant effects on protein structure and function. - Please explain reasons for the above-mentioned statement. - Human civilization has resulted in a large number of potentially mutagenic chemicals (e.g. pesticides) and has changed the environment to increase the likelihood of encountering other mutagens, especially UV radiation. What roles should the authorities play in identifying mutagens and regulating their release into the environment? Please discuss the subject in detail.arrow_forwardMany lethal genetic disorders such as CF, Huntington’s, sickle cell anemia, Tay Sach’s, etc., persist in the human genome. How have these genes survived so many millennia of evolution (why didn’t they die out)?arrow_forwardAre all human mutations handed on to their children? Please explain.arrow_forward
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