Concept explainers
* EST Energy changes when it rains Estimate the energy that is released or absorbed as water condenses and falls to Earth. Use the following information. Clouds are formed when moisture in the gaseous state in the air condenses. A rainstorm follows, dropping 2 cm of rain over an area
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Chapter 15 Solutions
College Physics: Explore And Apply, Volume 2 (2nd Edition)
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- You are standing on a saucer-shaped sled at rest in the middle of a frictionless ice rink. Your lab partner throws you a heavy Frisbee You take different actions in successive experimental trials. Rank the following situations according to your final speed from largest to smallest. If your final speed is the same in two cases, give them equal rank. (a) You catch the Frisbee and hold onto it. (b) You catch the Frisbee and throw it back to your partner. (c) You bobble the catch, just touching the Frisbee so that it continues in its original direction more slowly. (d) You catch the Frisbee and throw it so that it moves vertically upward above your head. (e) You catch the Frisbee and set it down so that it remains at rest on the ice.arrow_forwardAs it plows a parking lot, a snowplow pushes an ever-growing pile of snow in front of it. Suppose a car moving through the air is similarly modeled as a cylinder of area A pushing a growing disk of air in front of it. The originally stationary air is set into motion at the constant speed v of the cylinder as shown in Figure P8.32. In a time interval t, a new disk of air of mass m must be moved a distance v t and hence must be given a kinetic energy 12(m)v2. Using this model, show that the cars power loss owing to air resistance is 12Av3 and that the resistive force acting on the car is 12Av2, where is the density of air. Compare this result with the empirical expression 12DAv2 for the resistive force. Figure P8.32arrow_forwardA ball is suspended by a string that is tied to a fixed point above a wooden block standing on end. The ball is pulled back as shown in Figure OQ8.14 and released. In trial A, the ball rebounds elastically from the block. In trial B, two-sided tape causes the ball to stick to the block. In which case is the ball more likely to knock the block over? (a) It is more likely in trial A. (b) It is more likely in trial B. (c) It makes no difference. (d) It could be either case, depending on other factors. Figure OQ8.14arrow_forward
- A system consists of three particles, each of mass 5.00 g, located at the corners of an equilateral triangle with sides of 30.0 cm. (a) Calculate the gravitational potential energy of the system. (b) Assume the particles are released simultaneously. Describe the subsequent motion of each. Will any collisions take place? Explain.arrow_forwardA Show that Equation 11.4 (the impulsemomentum theorem) is another statement of Newtons second law.arrow_forwardYou are part of a team in an engineering class that is working on a scale model of a new design for a life vest. You have been asked to find the mass of a piece of foam that will be used for flotation. Because the piece is too bulky to fit on your balance, you break it into two parts. You measure the mass of the first part as 128.3 0.3 g and the second part as 77.0 0.3 g. a. What are the maximum and minimum values for the total mass you might reasonably report? b. What is the best estimate for the total mass of the foam? Hint: Propagation of uncertainty is described in Appendix A.arrow_forward
- In research in cardiology and exercise physiology, it is often important to know the mast of blood pumped by a persons bran in one stroke. This information can be obtained by means of a ballistocardiograph. The instrument works as follows: The subject lies on a horizontal pallet floating on a film of air. Friction on the pallet is negligible. Initially, the momentum of the system is zero. When the heart beats, it expels a mass m of blood into the aorta with speed v, and the body and platform move in the opposite direction with speed V. The speed of the blood tan be determined independently (e.g., by observing an ultrasound Doppler shift). Assume that the bloods speed is 50.0 cm/s in one typical trial. The mass of the subject plus the pallet is 54.0 kg. The pallet moves at a speed of 6.00 105 m in 0.160 s after one heartbeat. Calculate the mass of blood that leaves the heart. Assume that the mass of blood is negligible compared with the total mass of the person. This simplified example illustrates the principle of ballistocardiography, but in practice a more sophisticated model of heart function is used.arrow_forwardA 100-g toy car is propelled by a compressed spring that starts it moving. The car follows the curved track in Figure 7.39. Show that the final speed of the toy car is 0.687 m/s if its initial speed is 2.00 m/s and it coasts up the frictionless slope, gaining 0.180 m in altitude. Figure 7.39 A toy car moves up a sloped track. (credit: Leszek Leszczynski, Flickr)arrow_forwardReview. A 60.0-kg person running at an initial speed of 4.00 m/s jumps onto a 120-kg cart initially at rest (Fig. P9.37). The person slides on the carts top surface and finally comes to rest relative to the cart. The coefficient of kinetic friction between the person and the cart is 0.400. Friction between the cart and ground can be ignored. (a) Find the final velocity of the person and cart relative to the ground. (b) Find the friction force acting on the person while he is sliding across the top surface of the cart. (c) How long does the friction force act on the person? (d) Find the change in momentum of the person and the change in momentum of the cart. (c) Determine the displacement of the person relative to the ground while he is sliding on the cart. (f) Determine the displacement of the cart relative to the ground while the person is sliding. (g) Find the change in kinetic energy of the person. (h) Find the change in kinetic energy of the cart. (i) Explain why the answers to (g) and (h) differ. (What kind of collision is this one, and what accounts for the loss of mechanical energy) Figure P9.37arrow_forward
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