EBK CAMPBELL BIOLOGY IN FOCUS
EBK CAMPBELL BIOLOGY IN FOCUS
2nd Edition
ISBN: 8220101459299
Author: Reece
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 15, Problem 7TYU

(a)

Summary Introduction

To draw:

The diagram that consist of 5 genes and the enhancers. Suppose that the blue, orange, green, red, purple and black are the activator proteins that binds to the appropriate color-coded control elements of the enhancers.

(a)

To draw an X above the enhancer elements that will transcribe only gene 5 and also, identify the colored activators present.

(b)

To draw a dot above the enhancer elements where blue, orange and green activators are present. Also, identify the transcribed genes.

(c)

Suppose, the genes 1, 2 and 4 codes for the proteins that are nerve-specific and genes 3 and 5 are the proteins that are skin-specific. To identify the activators that will ensure transcription of the appropriate genes.

Concept introduction:

A gene (eukaryotic) and the elements of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) are organized properly. The transcription initiation complex (cluster of proteins) assembles on the promoter sequence and the processing or transcription process is initiated.

Pictorial representation:

EBK CAMPBELL BIOLOGY IN FOCUS, Chapter 15, Problem 7TYU

Figure 1: Transcription of genes with the help of enhancer elements.

To draw:

An X above the enhancer elements that will transcribe only gene 5 and also, identify the colored activators present.

(b)

Summary Introduction

To draw:

A dot above the enhancer elements where blue, orange and green activators are present. Also, identify the associated transcribed genes.

(c)

Summary Introduction

To suppose:

The genes 1, 2 and 4 codes for the proteins that are nerve-specific and genes 3 and 5 codes for the proteins that are skin-specific. And, identify the activators that will ensure transcription of the appropriate genes.

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8. Yeast genes have cis-acting elements upstream oftheir promoters, similar to enhancers, called upstreamactivating sequences or UASs. Several target genes involved in galactose utilization are regulated by onetype of UAS called UASG, which has four bindingsites for an activator called GAL4. Two target genesregulated by UASG are GAL7 and GAL10. The GAL80 protein is an indirect repressor of GAL7 and GAL10transcription: At UASG, GAL80 binds to GAL4 protein and blocks GAL4’s activation domain. In thepresence of galactose, GAL80 no longer binds GAL4.In which gene(s) (GAL4 and/or GAL80) shouldyou be able to isolate mutations that allow the constitutive expression of the target genes GAL7 andGAL10 in the absence of galactose? In each case,what characteristics of the protein would the mutationdisrupt?
1. The following image shows a mechanism in which gene expression activity is regulated by ligand. Arg RS-2 Teu Met RBS Ligand RBS hidden a. What is this kind of regulatory machnism called? b. Does it involve transcription or translation? c. What happens in the presence of the ligand? d. What happens in the absence of theligand? e. What do you think the genes that are regulated here - metabolic (breakdown) or anabolic (buildup) for the ligand? Explain
17. options are: transcriptional, post-transcriptional, post-transational
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