Human Biology: Concepts and Current Issues Plus Mastering Biology with Pearson eText -- Access Card Package (8th Edition)
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780134042237
Author: Michael D. Johnson
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 15, Problem 8TY
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
The nephrons are the functional unit of the kidney. A nephron is divided into various sections, which are distributed over the cortex and medulla. The glomerular capsule is a cup-shaped structure, which receives the blood vessels known as a glomerulus.
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Glomerular filtration can be increased by which of the following?
A. Increasing blood flow via afferent arteriole
B. Decreasing blood flow via afferent arteriole
C. Decreasing arterial blood pressure
D. Increasing blood flow via efferent arteriole
The answer is (A) Increasing blood flow via afferent arteriole. Please explain why it is not the other options (B,C,D)
What causes the large osmotic force due to proteins in the peritubular capillary?
A. The secretion of proteins into the interstitial space by the tubule cells.
B. The prevention of proteins being filtered at the glomerulus.
C. The high capsular pressure in the glomerulus.
D. A and B
Which of the following would increase the rate of glomerular filtration?
A)increasing the concentration of protein in the blood. B) decreasing the volume of blood plasma.
C) increasing the arterial pressure of the blood . D) decreasing the osmotic pressure of the blood .
Chapter 15 Solutions
Human Biology: Concepts and Current Issues Plus Mastering Biology with Pearson eText -- Access Card Package (8th Edition)
Ch. 15 - How do you think we should allocate cadaveric...Ch. 15 - Prob. 2QCCh. 15 - Should the government set up a national registry...Ch. 15 -
1. Describe in general terms the kidneys' role in...Ch. 15 - Prob. 2CRCh. 15 - Prob. 3CRCh. 15 - Prob. 4CRCh. 15 - Prob. 5CRCh. 15 - Prob. 6CRCh. 15 - Indicate the primary stimulus for the secretion of...
Ch. 15 - Describe the function of the hormone aldosterone.Ch. 15 - Prob. 9CRCh. 15 - Prob. 10CRCh. 15 - Prob. 1TYCh. 15 - Three of the choices below are organ systems...Ch. 15 -
3. The________ detoxifies ammonia, producing...Ch. 15 - Prob. 4TYCh. 15 - Prob. 5TYCh. 15 - Prob. 6TYCh. 15 - Protein is generally not found in the urine...Ch. 15 - Prob. 8TYCh. 15 -
9. Which of the following would not be found in...Ch. 15 - Which of the following is most responsible for the...Ch. 15 - In tubular absorption, which of the following...Ch. 15 - Prob. 12TYCh. 15 - Prob. 13TYCh. 15 - Prob. 14TYCh. 15 - All of the following statements about UTIs are...Ch. 15 - Prob. 1AWKCh. 15 - Prob. 2AWKCh. 15 - Prob. 3AWKCh. 15 - The kidneys filter a large volume of fluid,...Ch. 15 - Why aren't children already potty trained–able to...Ch. 15 - A possible complication of a strep throat...
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- The afferent arteriole delivers blood to the (a) renal artery (b) efferent arteriole (c) renal vein (d) capillaries of the glomerulus (e) peritubular capillariesarrow_forwardBlood pressure forces water and small solutes out of blood and into nephrons during ________. a. glomerular filtration c. tubular secretion b. tubular reabsorption d. both a and carrow_forwardAs a person ages, nephron tubules lose some of their ability to concentrate urine. What is the effect of this change?arrow_forward
- Which of the following does not contribute to the high salt concentration in the interstitial fluid of the kidney medulla? (a) active transport of sodium from the upper part of the ascending limb (b) diffusion of salt from the ascending limb of the loop of Henle (c) reabsorption of salt from various regions of Bowmans capsule (d) counterflow of fluid through the two limbs of the loop of Henle (e) diffusion of urea out of the collecting ductarrow_forwardWhich of the following willdecrease filtration at theglomerulus? A. Increased number ofpodocytes at the glomerulus B. A relatively largediameter of the efferentarteriolescompared to the afferentarteriole. C. Low colloid osmoticpressure D. Low capsular pressurearrow_forwardWhen arterial blood pressure drops below normal, which renal function occur as a result of sympathetic nervous system activation? a. Afferent arteriole vasodilation b. Decreased ADH secretion c. Decreased renin secretion d. Afferent arteriole vasoconstrictionarrow_forward
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