Human Biology: Concepts and Current Issues Plus Mastering Biology with Pearson eText -- Access Card Package (8th Edition)
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780134042237
Author: Michael D. Johnson
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 15, Problem 6AWK
A possible complication of a strep throat infection is post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis, in this disease, antibodies produced against the streptococcus invader also cause inflammation of glomeruli in the kidneys and damage to the glomerular filtration barrier. What might be the symptoms of damage to the glomerular filtration barrier, and what effect would you expect this to have on kidney function?
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Which one of the following statements is false?a. Blood pressure in the glomerular capillaries is greater than the osmotic pressure exerted by proteins in the plasma within the glomerular capillaries.b. If the osmotic pressure exerted by solutes in the peritubular capillaries is greater than the blood pressure in those capillaries, then water will be reabsorbed.c. Endothelial cells in glomerular capillaries are highly permeable, facilitating filtration of fluid into Bowman’s capsule.d. Constriction of the afferent arteriole is likely to reduce the volume of filtrate appearing in Bowman’s capsule.e. The efferent arteriole carries blood from the glomerular capillaries directly to the renal vein.0.5 pointsQuestion 2Your doctor calls with the results of your urinalysis and tells you that they found proteinuria, the presence of abnormal amounts of protein in your urine sample. What could have caused this?a. Infection and inflammation in the kidney.b. Abnormally high concentration of plasma…
Several pharmacological agents have been shown to lower the pressure of the filtrate inside the lumen of nephrons. What affect will this have?
a
hydrostatic pressure of fluid in the Bowman’s capsule increases, GFR increases
b
hydrostatic pressure of fluid in the Bowman’s capsule decreases, GFR decreases
c
hydrostatic pressure of fluid in the Bowman’s capsule increases, GFR decreases
d
hydrostatic pressure of fluid in the Bowman’s capsule decreases, GFR increases
Fred was diagnosed 6 months ago with liver cancer. His liver is no longer able to make the necessary amount of proteins needed by the body. What effect, if any, would this have on the net glomerular filtration rate?
(Hint, decide which of the 3 forces contributing to the net filtration rate is affected. Then adjust numbers in the equation to determine if there is an increase, decrease, or no change to the net filtration rate).
Group of answer choices
A) Blood colloid osmotic pressure would be decreased, increasing the net glomerular filtration rate.
B) Blood colloid osmotic pressure would be decreased, decreasing the net glomerular filtration rate.
C) Capsular hydrostatic pressure would be decreased, increasing the net glomerular filtration rate.
D) Capsular hydrostatic pressure would be decreased, decreasing the net glomerular filtration rate.
E) There would be no effect on the net glomerular filtration rate.
Chapter 15 Solutions
Human Biology: Concepts and Current Issues Plus Mastering Biology with Pearson eText -- Access Card Package (8th Edition)
Ch. 15 - How do you think we should allocate cadaveric...Ch. 15 - Prob. 2QCCh. 15 - Should the government set up a national registry...Ch. 15 -
1. Describe in general terms the kidneys' role in...Ch. 15 - Prob. 2CRCh. 15 - Prob. 3CRCh. 15 - Prob. 4CRCh. 15 - Prob. 5CRCh. 15 - Prob. 6CRCh. 15 - Indicate the primary stimulus for the secretion of...
Ch. 15 - Describe the function of the hormone aldosterone.Ch. 15 - Prob. 9CRCh. 15 - Prob. 10CRCh. 15 - Prob. 1TYCh. 15 - Three of the choices below are organ systems...Ch. 15 -
3. The________ detoxifies ammonia, producing...Ch. 15 - Prob. 4TYCh. 15 - Prob. 5TYCh. 15 - Prob. 6TYCh. 15 - Protein is generally not found in the urine...Ch. 15 - Prob. 8TYCh. 15 -
9. Which of the following would not be found in...Ch. 15 - Which of the following is most responsible for the...Ch. 15 - In tubular absorption, which of the following...Ch. 15 - Prob. 12TYCh. 15 - Prob. 13TYCh. 15 - Prob. 14TYCh. 15 - All of the following statements about UTIs are...Ch. 15 - Prob. 1AWKCh. 15 - Prob. 2AWKCh. 15 - Prob. 3AWKCh. 15 - The kidneys filter a large volume of fluid,...Ch. 15 - Why aren't children already potty trained–able to...Ch. 15 - A possible complication of a strep throat...
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- Which of the following does not contribute to the process of filtration? (a) active transport by epithelial cells lining renal tubules (b) large surface area for filtration (c) low permeability of glomerular capillaries (d) high hydrostatic blood pressure in glomerular capillaries (e) podocytesarrow_forwardFatty tissue holds the kidneys in place. Extremely rapid weight loss may cause this tissue to shrink so that the kidneys slip from their normal position. On rare occasions, the slippage can put a kink in one or both ureters and block urine flow. Suggest what might then happen to the kidneys.arrow_forwardA urinalysis reveals that the patients urine contains glucose, hemoglobin, and white blood cells (pus). Are any of these substances abnormal in urine? Explain.arrow_forward
- The afferent arteriole delivers blood to the (a) renal artery (b) efferent arteriole (c) renal vein (d) capillaries of the glomerulus (e) peritubular capillariesarrow_forwardWhich of the following is a component of the renal response to metabolicacidosis?a. reabsorption of H1b. secretion of HCO3 2 into the tubular lumenc. secretion of ammonium into the tubular lumend. secretion of glutamine into the interstitial fluide. carbonic anhydrase-mediated production of HPO4 22arrow_forwardDiabetic glomerulosclerosis can result from poor control of blood glucose. Briefly describe the pathological changes in the glomeruli of persons with this type of nephropathy and outline one consequence of renal dysfunction due to the damaged tissuearrow_forward
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