CAMPBELL BIO W/ACCESS HC >CI<
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781323791356
Author: Reece
Publisher: PEARSON C
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Chapter 16, Problem 11TYU
SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY
DRAW IT Model building can be an important part of the scientific process. The illustration shown above is a computer-generated model of a
(a) Using what you've learned in this chapter to clarify this model, label each DNA strand and each protein.
(b) Draw an arrow to indicate the overall direction of DNA replication.
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Please help us explain our dna replication model
Yellow is thymine, red is adenine, blue is cytosine, green is guanine
atthew Meselson and Franklin Stahl performed an experiment using heavy isotopes and bacteria to determine which model DNA follows to replicate. Their results are evidence supporting which DNA replication model below?
a.
The parent DNA molecule is broken into its singular nucleotides from which new nucleotides are copied and then all nucleotides to come back together as one larger DNA molecule.
b.
The parent DNA strands re-associate after acting as replication templates, forming one molecule of parental DNA and one molecule of daughter DNA.
c.
The parent DNA is mixed into each of the daughter strands such that both daughter molecules contain a mix of parental and new DNA in each complementary strand.
d.
The parent DNA strands separate and act as templates for new strands to build onto, such that each resulting molecule is a hybrid of 1 parental strand and 1 daughter strand.
Illustrate some steps involved in DNA replication :Suppose the following base sequence was found in a segment of one strand of a DNA molecule: 3’ A-A-T-A-C-C-T-C-C-T-A-A-C-T 5’
What would be the bases in the complementary strand? Label the 3’ and the 5’ ends.
Illustrate the DNA molecule below. Label the 3’ and the 5’ ends of both strands.
Separate the above DNA molecule up to the seventh base. Add one primer for the leading strand complementary to the first base Adenine of the template strand. Add one primer for the lagging strand complementary to the seventh base Adenine of the template strand. Illustrate the DNA molecule. Label the 3’ and 5’ ends.
Elongate the new strands up the seventh base by adding DNA bases complementary to the template strand. Illustrate the resulting DNA molecule. Label the 3’ and the 5’ ends of the template strands and the complementary strands.
Elongate the new strands up the seventh base by adding DNA bases complementary to the template strand. Illustrate…
Chapter 16 Solutions
CAMPBELL BIO W/ACCESS HC >CI<
Ch. 16.1 - Given a polynucleotide sequence such as GAATTC,...Ch. 16.1 - VISUAL SKILLS Griffith was trying to develop a...Ch. 16.2 - What role does complementary base pairing play in...Ch. 16.2 - Identify two major functions of DNA pol III in DNA...Ch. 16.2 - Prob. 3CCCh. 16.2 - Prob. 4CCCh. 16.3 - Describe the structure of a nucleosome, the basic...Ch. 16.3 - What two properties, one structural and one...Ch. 16.3 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Interphase chromosomes appear to...Ch. 16 - What does it mean wheti we say that the two DNA...
Ch. 16 - DRAW IT Redraw the Punnett Square on The right...Ch. 16 - Describe the levels of chromatin packing you'd...Ch. 16 - In his work with pneumonia-causing bacteria and...Ch. 16 - What is the basis for tlie difference in how the...Ch. 16 - In analyzing the number of different bases in a...Ch. 16 - The elongation of the leading Strand during DNA...Ch. 16 - In a nucleosome, the DNA is wrapped around (A)...Ch. 16 - E. coli cells grown on, 15N medium are transferred...Ch. 16 - A biochemist isolates, purifies, and combines in a...Ch. 16 - The spontaneous loss of amino groups from adenine...Ch. 16 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Although the proteins that cause...Ch. 16 - EVOLUTION CONNECTION Some bacteria may be able to...Ch. 16 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY DRAW IT Model building can be...Ch. 16 - Prob. 12TYUCh. 16 - Prob. 13TYU
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- Cancer is a disease caused by cells that divide uncontrollably. Scientists studying drugs that prevent cancer often measure the effectiveness of a drug by its effect on DNA replication. During normal DNA replication, nucleotides are added at a rate of about 50 nucleotides per second in mammals and 500 nucleotides per second in bacteria. 3. Predicting Outcomes. How would the total time needed to add 4,000 nucleotides be affected if a drug that inhibits DNA polymerase were present? Explain your answer.arrow_forward1. make your own sample representation of DNA replication. Complete your representation for a single helical turn. 2. prepare a representation of how mRNA is formed in the nucleus 3. Complete to build a Polypeptide. Start from the DNA template you made , the mRNA transcript formed, and finally the processed or synthesize proteins with the aid of the Genetic code table.arrow_forwardHow does DNA replication occur in a precise manner to ensure that identical genetic information is put into the new chromatid? See Figures 8.12 and 8.13. FIGURE 8.12 In DNA replication, the two polynucleotide strands uncoil, and each is a template for synthesizing a new strand. A replicated DNA molecule contains one new strand and one old strand. This mechanism is called semiconservative replication. FIGURE 8.13 A close-up look at the process of DNA replication. (a) As the strands uncoil, bases are added to the newly synthesized strand by complementary base pairing with bases in the template strand. The new bases are linked together by DNA polymerase. (b) DNA synthesis can proceed only in the 5 3 direction; newly synthesized DNA on one template strand is made in short segments and linked together by the enzyme DNA ligase.arrow_forward
- Watch this video (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/DNArep) to learn about DNA replication. DNA replication proceeds simultaneously at several sites on the same molecule. What separates the base pair at the start of DNA replication?arrow_forwardDiscuss Concepts A forensic scientist obtained a small DNA sample from a crime scene. In order to examine the sample, he increased its quantity by cycling the sample through the polymerase chain reaction. He estimated that there were 50,000 copies of the DNA in his original sample. Derive a simple formula and calculate the number of copies he will have after15 cycles of the PCR.arrow_forwardEVOLUTION LINK DNA technology, such as the production of transgenic animals, is possible only because widely different organisms have essentially identical genetic systems (DNA RNA protein). What is the evolutionary significance of the universality of genetic systems in organisms as diverse as bacteria and pigs?arrow_forward
- Cancer is a disease caused by cells that divide uncontrollably. Scientists studying drugs that prevent cancer often measure the effectiveness of a drug by its effect on DNA replication. During normal DNA replication, nucleotides are added at a rate of about 50 nucleotides per second in mammals and 500 nucleotides per second in bacteria. 2. Calculate the time it would take a mammalian cell to add 4,000 nucleotides to one DNA strand undergoing replication.arrow_forwardDNA replication is vital for successful cell division. Explain the process of DNA replication. Make sure to use the following terms: helicase, S-phase, DNA polymerase and DNA ligase, template, free nucleotides. Use the diagram if it helps you illustrate your points.arrow_forwardDescribe the early models of DNA replication that were investigated and explain how research by Meselson and Stahl supported the current model . Explain the role of each of the following in DNA replication. - helicase - Gyrase - RNA primer - DNA polymerase - Okazaki fragments - DNA ligasearrow_forward
- The numbered events listed below participate in the generation of junctional diversity. Put them in chronological order. a. DNA strands pair, and unpaired nucleotides are removed by exonuclease activity. b. P-nucleotides are generated after nicking of one DNA strand. c. DNA polymerase fills in gaps, and DNA ligation forms a coding joint. d. The RAG complex cleaves heptamer RSSs, and DNA hairpins are formed. e. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase adds N-nucleotides to the 3ʹ end of the stretch of P-nucleotides.arrow_forwarda) Estimate the lengths of each of the DNA fragments shown in this gel A:____________ B: ____________ C: ____________ D: ____________ E: ____________ F: ____________ b) Which letter represents the DNA fragment that is the smallest? c) Which DNA fragment is approximately the same length as the lengths of fragments D & C added together? Part 4. Putting It Together 1) Consider the diagram below as well as the given information. This diagram represents a piece of circular DNA which was cut in 4 separate reactions (4 different test tubes, each with some of this DNA in it). One digest was done with AvaI, another with ClaI, a third with EcoRV, and a fourth with ScaI. The locations of the recognition sequences for each restriction enzyme are shown along with the location of that site in bp along the circle (it goes clockwise from position 1). You run an agarose gel with a molecular weight marker in the first lane, the AvaI digest in lane 2, the ClaI digest in lane 3, the…arrow_forwardDuring DNA replication: A. The two DNA strands separate, each strand then becomes a template for the assembly of a complementary strand. Each new DNA helix has one old strand with one new strand. B. The two DNA strands separate, each strand then becomes a template for the assembly of a similar strand. Each new DNA helix has one old strand with one new strand. C. The two DNA strands separate, each strand then becomes a template for the assembly of a similar strand. Each new DNA helix has two new strands. D. The two DNA strands separate, each strand then becomes a template for the assembly of an identical strand. Each new DNA helix has one old strand with one new strand.arrow_forward
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