Biological Science (6th Edition)
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780321976499
Author: Scott Freeman, Kim Quillin, Lizabeth Allison, Michael Black, Emily Taylor, Greg Podgorski, Jeff Carmichael
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 16, Problem 15PIAT
Summary Introduction
To review:
The reason for possible similarity between the skin color allele of Europeans and Africans.
Introduction:
Mutation is the permanent change in
The allele of the human transport protein associated with light skin is found mostly in Europeans. The other common allele, which appears to be the ancestral allele, is found in Africans.
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As evolution is the change in allele frequency in a population over time … Explain the evolution of bacteria in terms of changes to the frequency of the NDM-1 gene.
An allele that causes an altered form of hemoglobin occurs in all human populations. However in populations where malaria is a threat there is a relatively higher percentage of individuals with the allele. Individuals who have one allele for this condition have an increased resistance to malaria. Individuals with two alleles for this condition have significant medical problems and die young. This allele has been found in high numbers in certain populations in West Africa, Southeast Asia and Greece.
What process of evolution likely led to the appearance of this allele?
A-mutation
B-genetic drift
C-natural selection
D-gene flow
Refer to the previous example (#2):
What process of evolution likely led to this allele being in higher numbers in some populations?
A-mutation
B-natural selection
C-genetic drift
D-gene flow
Do you think the allele for sickle cell anemia would be common in regions where malaria did not exist? Explain why or why not.
Chapter 16 Solutions
Biological Science (6th Edition)
Ch. 16 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 16 - 2. Which of the following is an important...Ch. 16 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 16 - Prob. 4TYKCh. 16 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 16 - A minimal genetic code requires only 21 codons–one...Ch. 16 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 16 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 16 - MODEL Draw a hypothetical metabolic pathway in...Ch. 16 - Prob. 10TYPSS
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- Why does sickle-cell anaemia persist in the human population when it is believed that the harmful alleles get eliminated from the population after a certain time?arrow_forwardExplain where, in the world, the Hbs allele is mostly likely to be prevalent and why the allele persists in spite of the danger associated with having two Hbs alleles.arrow_forwardScientists are studying two populations of the same species of sea turtle. One population is quite small, with only 18 individuals, and the other is much larger, with 147 individuals. If a genetic factor such as a mutation were introduced to both populations at the same time, what could scientists predict about the impact?arrow_forward
- AFTER malaria is cured, the frequency of the HbS allele should decrease in regions with a lot of mosquitoes because: - people will no longer die from sickle cell disease in these regions - having one copy of the HbS allele will no longer be advantageous in these regions - Natural selection will no longer act on the HbS allele at all in these regions - All alleles associated with genetic diseases eventually disappeararrow_forwardIt is said,that the harmfull alleles get eliminated from population over a period of time,yet sickle cell anaemia is persisting in human population.why?arrow_forwardWalruses that live on islands near Alaska have a thick fat layer under their skin; however, their ancestors did not have a fat layer as thick as it is now. In your own words and based on course material only, describe in as much detail as possible, the process that would have resulted in this population evolving a thicker fat layer over timearrow_forward
- The introduction of the antibiotic methicillin was once successful in destroying Staphylococcus bacterial infections. More recently, strains of Staphylococcus bacteria have undergone mutations that cause the bacteria to be resistant to the action of methicillin, leading to increased incidence of the disease MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus). How would the proportion of bacteria carrying this mutation change in the population over time in populations treated with methicillin? A. The number of mutated bacteria would increase because the mutated bacteria would outcompete the non-mutated bacteria for resources. B. The number of mutated bacteria would decrease because the non-mutated bacteria would outcompete the mutated bacteria for resources. C. The number of mutated bacteria would decrease because the non-mutated bacteria would be selected for over time through natural selection. D. The number of mutated bacteria would increase because the mutated bacteria are…arrow_forwardDeleterious recessive alleles, such as the allele that causes cystic fibrosis, can persist in a population indefinitely. Why aren’t these rare alleles eliminated completely?arrow_forwardThe gene pool of a population of bighorn sheep in the southwest United States is altered when several animals cross over a mountain pass and join the populationarrow_forward
- Polar bears have "white" fur. Identify, with justification, what may have led to the evolution of this trait,arrow_forwardResults come back that the remains are of an individual with the H mtDNA haplogroup. Based on the reference map above showing the distribution of mtDNA haplogroups from around the world, the individual likely traces their ancestry back to: Americas (Native American) SE Asia Europe Africaarrow_forwardGenetics is commonly seen as being grouped into several general areas: transmission, molecular, and population/evolution. Which biological processes are studied in transmission genetics?arrow_forward
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