Chapter 16, Problem 16.23UKC

1. (a) For the compound above, identify each nitrogen as either a primary, secondary, tertiary, quaternary, or aromatic amine.
2. (b) Which amine group(s) would be able to provide a hydrogen bond? Which could accept a hydrogen bond?

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

It should be identified that the each nitrogen in the given compound either as a primary, secondary, tertiary amine, or aromatic amine.

Concept introduction:

Amines are the derivatives of ammonia $\left(N{H}_3\right)$ with one or more of the hydrogens replaced with a substituent such as an alkyl group.

Depending on the number of carbon side chain of the nitrogen, different types of amines can form.

In a quaternary ammonium ion a nitrogen atom with four attached groups is positively charged. And their compounds are known as quaternary ammonium salt.

Example: Tetramethylammonium ion

Aniline is an aromatic amine compound and its structure is,

Answer to Problem 16.23UKC

Explanation of Solution

Structure of the given compound is,

As per the concepts above mentioned,

Each nitrogen atoms in the given compound can be identified either as a primary, secondary, tertiary amine or aromatic amine as follows,

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The amine group which would be able to provide a hydrogen bond and accept a hydrogen bond in the given compound has to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Amines are the derivatives of ammonia $\left(N{H}_3\right)$ with one or more of the hydrogens replaced with a substituent such as an alkyl group.

Depending on the number of carbon side chain of the nitrogen, different types of amines can form.

Hydrogen bond is an attractive force established between hydrogen atom attached to a highly electronegative element and another highly electronegative element of the same or different molecule.

Answer to Problem 16.23UKC

Explanation of Solution

Structure of the given compound is,

In a hydrogen bond strong partial positive charge on hydrogen attracts lone electron pair on oxygen or nitrogen.

Here in the given molecule, an amine group which was able to provide a hydrogen bond and accept a hydrogen bond and those amines can be identified as follows,