Chapter 16, Problem 16.40AP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

It should be determined that the structure of the ammonium ion formed, when the given amine is treated with an acid.

Concept introduction:

In chemistry Structure is the arrangement of chemical bonds between atoms in a molecule, specifically which atoms are chemically bonded to what other atoms with what kind of chemical bond.

Amines are the derivatives of ammonia $\left(N{H}_3\right)$ with one or more of the hydrogens replaced with a substituent such as an alkyl group.

Depending on the number of carbon side chain of the nitrogen, different types of amines can form.

From the name of the compound its structure can be determined.

Primary amines can be named in the IUPAC system in several ways,

For simple amines the suffix – amine is added to the name of the alkyl substituent.

The suffix-amine can be used in place of the final –e in the name of the parent compound.

For a secondary amine an N prefixes the compound giving the shorter carbon chain and its chain prefix name.

For a tertiary amine an N, N prefixes the compound giving the two shorter carbon chains and their side chain prefix names.

Reaction of amines and acid will give amine salt an (ammonium ion).

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

It should be determined that the structure of the ammonium ion formed, when the given amine is treated with an acid.

Concept introduction:

In chemistry Structure is the arrangement of chemical bonds between atoms in a molecule, specifically which atoms are chemically bonded to what other atoms with what kind of chemical bond.

Amines are the derivatives of ammonia $\left(N{H}_3\right)$ with one or more of the hydrogens replaced with a substituent such as an alkyl group.

Depending on the number of carbon side chain of the nitrogen, different types of amines can form.

From the name of the compound its structure can be determined.

Primary amines can be named in the IUPAC system in several ways,

For simple amines the suffix – amine is added to the name of the alkyl substituent.

The suffix-amine can be used in place of the final –e in the name of the parent compound.

For a secondary amine an N prefixes the compound giving the shorter carbon chain and its chain prefix name.

For a tertiary amine an N, N prefixes the compound giving the two shorter carbon chains and their side chain prefix names.

Reaction of amines and acid will give amine salt an (ammonium ion).

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

It should be determined that the structure of the ammonium ion formed, when the given amine is treated with an acid.

Concept introduction:

In chemistry Structure is the arrangement of chemical bonds between atoms in a molecule, specifically which atoms are chemically bonded to what other atoms with what kind of chemical bond.

Amines are the derivatives of ammonia $\left(N{H}_3\right)$ with one or more of the hydrogens replaced with a substituent such as an alkyl group.

Depending on the number of carbon side chain of the nitrogen, different types of amines can form.

From the name of the compound its structure can be determined.

Primary amines can be named in the IUPAC system in several ways,

For simple amines the suffix – amine is added to the name of the alkyl substituent.

The suffix-amine can be used in place of the final –e in the name of the parent compound.

For a secondary amine an N prefixes the compound giving the shorter carbon chain and its chain prefix name.

For a tertiary amine an N, N prefixes the compound giving the two shorter carbon chains and their side chain prefix names.

Aniline is an aromatic amine compound and its structure is,

Reaction of amines and acid will give amine salt an (ammonium ion).