(a)
Interpretation:
The amount of ATP generated by glucose-6-phosphate when it is processed by glycolysis to lactate should be calculated.
Concept introduction:
Glycolysis is the conversion of one molecule of glucose into two molecules of pyruvate. During this process, two molecules of ATP and two molecules of NADH are produced. Glycolysis is divided into two phases, the preparatory phase and payoff phase. In the preparatory phase, ATP is consumed, while in the payoff phase ATP is produced.
(b)
Interpretation:
The amount of ATP generated by glycolysis to lactate when this will be processed from dihydroxyacetone phosphate should be calculated.
Concept introduction:
Glycolysis is the conversion of one molecule of glucose into two molecules of pyruvate. During this process, two molecules of ATP and two molecules of NADH are produced. Glycolysis is divided into two phases, the preparatory phase, and payoff phase. In the preparatory phase, ATP is consumed, while in the payoff phase ATP is produced.
(c)
Interpretation:
The amount of ATP generated by glycolysis to lactate when this will be processed from glyceraldehydes-3-phosphate should be calculated.
Concept introduction:
Glycolysis is the conversion of one molecule of glucose into two molecules of pyruvate. During this process, two molecules of ATP and two molecules of NADH are produced. Glycolysis is divided into two phases, the preparatory phase, and payoff phase. In the preparatory phase, ATP is consumed, while in the payoff phase ATP is produced.
(d)
Interpretation:
The amount of ATP generated by glycolysis to lactate when this will be processed from fructose should be calculated.
Concept introduction:
Glycolysis is the conversion of one molecule of glucose into two molecules of pyruvate. During this process, two molecules of ATP and two molecules of NADH are produced. Glycolysis is divided into two phases, the preparatory phase and payoff phase. In the preparatory phase, ATP is consumed, while in the payoff phase ATP is produced.
(e)
Interpretation:
The amount of ATP generated by glycolysis to lactate when this will be processed from sucrose should be calculated.
Concept introduction:
Glycolysis is the conversion of one molecule of glucose into two molecules of pyruvate. During this process, two molecules of ATP and two molecules of NADH are produced. Glycolysis is divided into two phases, the preparatory phase, and payoff phase. In the preparatory phase, ATP is consumed, while in the payoff phase ATP is produced.
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 16 Solutions
BIOCHEMISTRY
- ATP yield. Each of the following molecules is processed by glycolysis to lactate. How much ATP is generated from each molecule?arrow_forwardCHOOSE THE CORRECT LETTER. Which of the following reactions require ATP in glycolysis?A. glucose-6-phosphate to fructose-6-phosphateB. fructose-1,6-bisphosphate to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphateC. 3-phosphoglycerate to 2-phosphoglycerateD. fructose-6-phosphate to fructose-1,6-bisphosphatearrow_forwardOd. Vitamin B2 s page Hexokinase catalyzes phosphorylation of glucose to clucose-6-phosphate, where ATP is used as a donor of phosphate group, this an example of: Select one: NAVIGATION a. Oxidoreductase b. Ligase c. Lyase d. Transferase Next pagearrow_forward
- Long explanations are NOT NEEDED. I pretty much have an idea already about this lesson, I would just like to see if my answers are correct, if it's wrong then kindly correct and just add a short explanation. ATP accounting. Consider 1 molecule of the sucrose (monomeric units: glucose and fructose) that will undergo complete oxidation. a. Number of pyruvate molecules after glycolysis is 4.b. Net ATP produced in glycolysis only (via substrate-level phosphorylation) is 2.c. Number of NADH produced using the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex reaction is 1.d. Number of NADH and FADH2 produced from Krebs cycle is 12 and 4 respectively.e. Net ATP produced (complete oxidation via Malate aspartate shuttle) is 64.arrow_forwardClosely related. Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and a-ketoglutarate a-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex are huge enzymes consisting of three discrete enzymatic activities. Which amino acids require a related enzyme complex, and what is the name of the enzyme?arrow_forward. Pyruvate can be processed under anaerobic conditions to ethanol (in yeast) or to lactate (in mammals), as shown. Explain the primary purpose of these reactions. Describe the major biochemical features of each reactionarrow_forward
- G. ENZYME CLASSIFICATION. Identify the main class of enzymes used to catalyzed the following reactions: 1. Lactate dehydrogenase: NADH+H NAD HC-OH CH3 CH Pynnte Lactate 2. Methylmalonyl-CoA mutase: CH CH SCOA CH,CH, SCOA coenzyme B12 COO COO methylmalonyl-CoA succinyl-CoA 3. Enolase: 0. H–Ċ–0–P–0- C-0–P-0- + H,0 HO–CH, CH 6 Phosphoenolpyruvate 2-Phosphoglycerate 4. Chymotrypsin: -0–CH,CH3 + H2O - RCOOH + HOCH,CH3 5. Pyruvate carboxylase: coo • co, • ATP + H,0 H-C-H . ADP + P, + 2H čoo CH, Pyruvate Oxaleacetatearrow_forwardYou are running. Glycogen is broken down into glucose-6-phosphate which goes through the glycolytic, citric acid cycle and electron transport pathways and is turned into ATP. This process is called: aerobic respiration beta-oxidation gluconeogenesis ketoacidosisarrow_forwardDraw Gluconeogenesis. Please make sure to state all the enzymes and co-factors for each step of the pathway.arrow_forward
- Use your knowledge of fat metabolism. glycolysis, the TCA cycle, and axidative phosphorylation to determine how many molecules of ATP eauvalents are produced when glycerol undergoes biochemical combustion. Assume that each molecule of NADH produces 2.5 ATP and that each molecule of FADH2 produces 1.5 molecules of ATP during oxidative phosphorylation. Note that GTP is an ATp "equivalent." OA 14.5 OB. 17 OC. 19.5 OD. 20.5arrow_forwardLong explanations are NOT NEEDED. ATP accounting. Consider 1 molecule of the sucrose (monomeric units: glucose and fructose) that will undergo complete oxidation. a. Number of pyruvate molecules after glycolysis.b. Net ATP produced in glycolysis only (via substrate-level phosphorylation).c. Number of NADH produced using the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex reaction.d. Number of NADH and FADH2 produced from Krebs cycle.e. Net ATP produced (complete oxidation via Malate aspartate shuttle).arrow_forwarddisease. As such, a frontline treatment for Type 2 diabetes is the drug metformin, which acts indirectly to inhibit gluconeogenesis in the liver. You are a research biochemist who would like to develop new drugs that act to directly inhibit gluconeogenesis. You have just gained access to a library of thousands of small molecules of unknown activity, and you would like to identify lead compounds that have specific inhibitory activity against steps in the gluconeogenesis pathway. (a) into PEP in order to screen for inhibitors of enzymes specific to gluconeogenesis. Which enzymes do you need to purify, what cofactors and allosteric effectors do they require, and which reactants do you need to add to reconstitute the reactions for the first bypass? Which intermediates and products are generated? Your first approach is to reconstitute the initial set of bypass reactions that convert pyruvate (b) vitro reconstitution? What additional steps and enzymes are required in liver cells but are…arrow_forward
- BiochemistryBiochemistryISBN:9781319114671Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.Publisher:W. H. FreemanLehninger Principles of BiochemistryBiochemistryISBN:9781464126116Author:David L. Nelson, Michael M. CoxPublisher:W. H. FreemanFundamentals of Biochemistry: Life at the Molecul...BiochemistryISBN:9781118918401Author:Donald Voet, Judith G. Voet, Charlotte W. PrattPublisher:WILEY
- BiochemistryBiochemistryISBN:9781305961135Author:Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Owen M. McDougalPublisher:Cengage LearningBiochemistryBiochemistryISBN:9781305577206Author:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. GrishamPublisher:Cengage LearningFundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological ...BiochemistryISBN:9780134015187Author:John E. McMurry, David S. Ballantine, Carl A. Hoeger, Virginia E. PetersonPublisher:PEARSON