Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology Plus Mastering Biology with Pearson eText -- Access Card Package (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780133910605
Author: Gerald Audesirk, Teresa Audesirk, Bruce E. Byers
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 16.2, Problem 3TC
If a population grows large again after a bottleneck, genetic diversity will eventually increase. Why?
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As we saw last week, population size is important. Ideally, this means you started with a lot of genetically diverse founders, but of course that isn’t always the case. In the case of the Española Galapagos tortoises it was 12 females and 2 males. So, often you have to grow your population to stabilize it and ensure there isn’t an unacceptable loss of genetic diversity over time, even if that genetic diversity is low. If you think back to the math from last week and do a little not so fancy algebra, you can see that genetic deterioration occurs at a rate that is the inverse of genetic retention, which you probably remember isÂ
1- (1/2Ne)
Assume that the Española Galapagos tortoise captive population started with an Ne/N ratio of 0.7. Calculate their rate of loss of genetic diversity given their original population size of 14 tortoises (N=14). You will first need to solve for Ne, then plug Ne into the rate of loss of genetic diversity formula.
Now let’s work on growing the population.…
What is an organism population that has had exponential growth, and what circumstances led to that exponential population growth?
What type of factors will limit the growth of a population?
Chapter 16 Solutions
Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology Plus Mastering Biology with Pearson eText -- Access Card Package (11th Edition)
Ch. 16.1 - define evolution in terms of concepts from...Ch. 16.1 - define equilibrium population and describe the...Ch. 16.2 - Evolution of a Menace The mutant alleles that...Ch. 16.2 - describe how mutation, gene flow, genetic drift,...Ch. 16.2 - A flu vaccination stimulates your immune system to...Ch. 16.2 - If it were true that mutations do occur in...Ch. 16.2 - Explain how the distribution of genotypes in...Ch. 16.2 - If a population grows large again after a...Ch. 16.2 - Prob. 4TCCh. 16.3 - describe why selection of phenotypes can affect...
Ch. 16.3 - A team of phys clans treated four patients with...Ch. 16.3 - If we studied a population of bighorn sheep and...Ch. 16.3 - explain how competition and predation influence...Ch. 16.3 - When selection is directional, is there any limit...Ch. 16.3 - Prob. 3CYLCh. 16.3 - Microbiologists have discovered that alleles...Ch. 16.3 - compare and contrast directional selection,...Ch. 16 - In North America, the average height of adult...Ch. 16 - The ______ provides a simple mathematical model...Ch. 16 - The alleles responsible for antibiotic resistance...Ch. 16 - What is a gene pool? How would you determine the...Ch. 16 - By the 1940s, the whooping crane population had...Ch. 16 - Different versions of the same gene are called...Ch. 16 - Stabilizing selection on a trait tends to a. make...Ch. 16 - Define equilibrium population. Outline the...Ch. 16 - An organisms ______ refers to the specific alleles...Ch. 16 - An adaptation is a. any trait that arises from a...Ch. 16 - How does population size affect the likelihood of...Ch. 16 - A random form of evolution is called ________....Ch. 16 - Which of the following statements about mutations...Ch. 16 - If you measured the allele frequencies of a gene...Ch. 16 - Competition is most Intense between members of...Ch. 16 - Genetic drift occurs a. when different phenotypes...Ch. 16 - People like to say that you cant prove a negative....Ch. 16 - The evolutionary fitness of an organism is...Ch. 16 - Describe the three ways in which natural selection...Ch. 16 - What is sexual selection? How is sexual selection...
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- What is gene flow defined as? Group of answer choices A-production of new alleles B-chance loss of alleles in a population C-exchange of genes between populations D-production of new genetic material E-differential reproductive success of individualsarrow_forwardWhich of the following is an effect of gene flow? Â Population size is greatly reduced Individuals establish a new population Natural disasters Genetic differences between populations are reducedarrow_forwardWhy does genetic diversity tend to persist in large populations, but gradually drift or shift in small populations?arrow_forward
- What effect does such a bottleneck have on the future population? Give a brief description of its effect on the size, ability to reproduce, and genetic diversity.arrow_forwardIf a population loses an allele, will it be able to get that allele back???arrow_forwardIn many rural areas, stray cats are a problem as they may return to being wild feral cats that have not been spayed or neutered can reproduce, which may result in a population of feral cats. One pair of cats can produce 12 kittens in one year, and half of these kittens are female; this increased population would potentially produce 84 kittens in the second year. In 5-years, the population could reach almost 33000 feral cats. A) What conditions or factors would have to be in place for the population to achieve its biotic potential?arrow_forward
- Mutations are the ultimate source of genetic variation. Consider a population of 500 diploid individuals. If a mutation resulting in a single copy of a novel allele occurred in a gene in one individual, what is the frequency of the new allele in the population? 0.05 0.000001 0.001 0.005 0.002arrow_forwardSuppose a very small group of birds serves as the foundation of a new population. As a result, the population is very genetically homogeneous. What phenomenon has affected this population? O a) Mutation O b) Gene flow Oc) Non-random mating O d) Genetic driftarrow_forwardIn the experiment of genetic drift, suppose you have a population of 150 butterflies, but a wildfire devastates the population and only 24 butterflies survive. What percent does the colony decrease by?arrow_forward
- How does gene flow affect coevolution? For example, there is a coevolutionary arms race between snakes and newts. Snakes try to eat newts but they end up dying due to the newts' proudction of a toxin (TTX). In response, snakes have adapted a greater resistance to the toxin allowing them to not die. What would the factor of gene flow do to a population like this??arrow_forwardIn a population of mayflies, variation in the STRIPE gene causes different body coloration. SS individuals have skinny stripes, Ss individuals have wide stripes, and ss individuals are unassigned. You collect some mayflies and estimate that the frequency of the S allele is 0.85. You want to know whether the population is evolving, so you will return to the same site next summer and collect 1000 mayflies from the next generation. If the population is not evolving, how many of the 1000 mayflies collected next summer should have wide stripes. (round to the nearest whole number) A. 255 b.850 C. 723 D. 23arrow_forwardUnder what conditions will a population grow?arrow_forward
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