![OWLv2, 1 term (6 months) Printed Access Card for Garrett/Grisham's Biochemistry Technology Update, 6th](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781305636248/9781305636248_largeCoverImage.gif)
Concept explainers
Global Carbon Dioxide Cycling Expressed as Human Equivalents
If 3 x 1014 kg of CO2 are cycled through the biosphere annually, how many human equivalents (70-Kg people composed of 18% carbon by weight) could be produced each year from this amount of CO2?
![Check Mark](/static/check-mark.png)
Interpretation: The number of human equivalents should be determined which could be produced each year from the given amount of carbon dioxide.
Introduction: The biochemical cycle of carbon is the process in which carbon is cycled among the geosphere, hydrosphere, pedosphere, biosphere and atmosphere of the earth. The main form of carbon in the atmosphere is CO2. CO2 is a greenhouse gas and recent attempts were made to reduce the amount of which in the atmosphere.
Explanation of Solution
A human is made of 18% of carbon.
Therefore, a 70 kg man has 12.6 kg of carbon.
Percentage of carbon in a CO2 molecule,
Number of humans could be produced from this amount of carbon,
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 17 Solutions
OWLv2, 1 term (6 months) Printed Access Card for Garrett/Grisham's Biochemistry Technology Update, 6th
- Understanding Human Energy Consumption During Exercise Energy production in animals is related to oxygen consumption. The ruby-throated hummingbird consumes about 250 mL of oxygen per hour during its migration across the Gulf of Mexico. Use this number and the data in problem 11 to determine a conversion factor for energy expended per liter of oxygen consumed. If a human being consumes 12.7 kcal/min while running 8-minute miles, how long could a human run on the energy that the hummingbird consumes in its trans-Gulf flight? How many 8-minute miles would a person have to run to lose 1 pound of body fat?arrow_forwardNighttime loss of NOx in the lower troposphere proceeds by: NO + O3 --> NO2 +O2 (1) NO2 + O3 --> NO3 + O2 (2) NO2 + NO3 + M <--> N2O5 +M (3) N2O5 --> 2HNO3 (in aerosol H2O) (4) Let NO3* represent the chemical family composed of NO3 and N2O5, ie, [NO3*]=[NO3]+[N2O5]. Calculate the lifetime of NO3* at night.arrow_forwardA bird eats sunflower seeds from a bird feeder on a snowy day. Of the 1000 J of energy that was in the consumed seeds, the bird stored 10 J of energy in its body, eliminated 150 J of energy in its waste, and used the remaining energy to respire. What is the production efficiency of this bird? Useful equation: PE = Pn/An x 100arrow_forward
- need answer (C) For every 1 TAG metabolized, how many water molecules would be produced by the electron transport chain? (show calculations) (D) For every 1 TAG metabolized, how many water molecules would be produced by ATP synthase? (show calculations) (E) The metabolism of 1 g of TAG (MW 976 g/mol) would then yield how many total mL of water (density of water, ~1.0 mg/mL)?arrow_forwardIn relation to energy transfer in ecosystem,explain the statement"10kg of deer's meat is equivalent to 1kg of lion's flesh".arrow_forwardQuestion 1: Look at table 17.2 to see the standard free energy changes for the steps in the CAC. Three consecutive steps in the cycle appear to be the most readily reversible (having standard free energy changes closest to zero). Which are these steps?arrow_forward
- (A) how much energy is necessary to heat 7.0 kg of water from room temperature (20 degrees Celsius) to its boiling point? (Assume no energy loss) (b) if electrical energy were used, how much would this cost at 45 cent per kWh?arrow_forwardA substantial amount of energy is put into the photosynthetic electron transport to extract electronsf from water and to elevate the energy level of ferredoxin to a very strong reductant. The amount of energy in one NADPH is 218 kJ.mol-1. What is the percentage of this energy conserved in NADPH for the production of one mole of oxygen? What happened to the rest of the energy?arrow_forwardCalculate the rate of reaction 2 at the top (0C, P = 0.001 atm) and bottom (–60°C, P = 0.1 atm) of the stratosphere assuming that xCH4 = 0.5 ppm and xOH = 1.2 pptr (10-12). Note that k2varies with temperature as shown.arrow_forward
- Write the carbon dioxide forming reaction that transpires during the Krebs cycle. There are 3 RCO2H groups in the starting material in this reaction, explain why only one forms carbon dioxidearrow_forwardForm of energy Kcal/m^2/yr Efficiency of energy transfer (%) Sunlight 600 000 n/a Chemical energy in producers 6 585 Chemical energy in primary consumers 81 Calculate the efficiency of energy transfer by the producers. That is, what percentage of the energy in sunlight was converted into chemical energy and incorporated into plant biomass? Calculate the efficiency of energy transfer by the primary consumers. What percentage of the energy in plant biomass was incorporated into the bodies of the primary consumers? What became of the rest of the energy? How much energy is available for secondary consumers? Based on the efficiency of energy transfer by primary consumers, estimate how much energy will be available to tertiary consumers. Draw a pyramid of production for the producers, primary consumers, and secondary consumers for this ecosystem (see example in your textbook).arrow_forwardThe Overall Free Energy Change for Photosynthetic NADP+ Reduction What is the overall free energy change (G) for noncyclic photosynthetic electron transport? 4 (700-nm photons) + 4 (680-nm photons) + 2 H2O + 2 NADP+O2 + 2 NADPH + 2H+arrow_forward
- BiochemistryBiochemistryISBN:9781305577206Author:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. GrishamPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Biology 2eBiologyISBN:9781947172517Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann ClarkPublisher:OpenStax
![Text book image](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781305577206/9781305577206_smallCoverImage.gif)
![Text book image](https://www.bartleby.com/isbn_cover_images/9781947172517/9781947172517_coverImage_Textbooks.gif)