EBK CONCEPTS OF GENETICS
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780134818979
Author: Killian
Publisher: YUZU
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Chapter 17, Problem 2NST
The hormone estrogen converts the estrogen receptor (ER) protein from an inactive molecule to an active transcription factor. The activated ER binds to cis-acting sites that act as enhancers, located near the promoters of a number of genes. In some tissues, the presence of estrogen appears to activate transcription of ER-target genes, whereas in other tissues, it appears to repress transcription of those same genes. Offer an explanation as to how this may occur.
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Many currently marketed drugs exert their pharmacological effects by binding to ligand-activated transcription factors and modulating gene expression. One example, are various drugs that target the estrogen receptor to treat breast cancer, osteoporosis and post-menopausal symptoms. Below is a ChIP experiment examining the effects of no drug treatment (C), the natural hormone estrogen (E) and the drugs tamoxifen (T) and raloxifene (R) on recruitment of coactivators (SRC-1 and CBP), Histone Deacetylase Complexes (HDACs) and acetylation of histones associated with the C-myc gene. Which of the following statements are correct based on this data (select all that apply)?
The binding of a small effector molecule, protein-protein interactions, and covalent modifications are three common ways to modulate the activities of transcription factors. Which of these three mechanisms are used by steroid receptors and by the CREB protein?
Progesterone is a steroid hormone (also described as a ligand) that prepares the body
for pregnancy. It binds to the progesterone receptor (PR) protein in the cytoplasm of
various cells.
Ligand bound PR acts as a transcriptional activator, binds to the DNA in the
promoter region of several genes and leads to transcriptional activation of these
genes.
Which of the following statements must be true for the PR protein?
O Ligand binding to the PR results in a conformational change in the primary
structure of the protein
The domain/region of the PR protein that interacts with the DNA, has basic
amino acids
Ligand binding to the PR results in a conformational change in the tertiary
structure of the protein
The domain/region of the PR protein that interacts with the DNA, has acidic
amino acids
Chapter 17 Solutions
EBK CONCEPTS OF GENETICS
Ch. 17 - Cancer cells often have abnormal patterns of...Ch. 17 - The hormone estrogen converts the estrogen...Ch. 17 - Each year in the United States, there are over...Ch. 17 - Prob. 2CSCh. 17 - Each year in the United States, there are over...Ch. 17 - HOW DO WE KNOW? In this chapter, we focused on how...Ch. 17 - CONCEPT QUESTION Review the Chapter Concepts list...Ch. 17 - What features of eukaryotes provide additional...Ch. 17 - Provide a definition of chromatin remodeling, and...Ch. 17 - Describe the organization of the interphase...
Ch. 17 - A number of experiments have demonstrated that...Ch. 17 - Provide a brief description of two different types...Ch. 17 - Present an overview of the manner in which...Ch. 17 - Prob. 9PDQCh. 17 - Explain how the addition of acetyl groups to...Ch. 17 - Distinguish between the cis-acting regulatory...Ch. 17 - Prob. 12PDQCh. 17 - Describe the manner in which activators and...Ch. 17 - Compare the control of gene regulation in...Ch. 17 - Many promoter regions contain CAAT boxes...Ch. 17 - Prob. 16PDQCh. 17 - Prob. 17PDQCh. 17 - Many transcriptional activators are proteins with...Ch. 17 - Prob. 19PDQCh. 17 - DNA supercoiling, which occurs when coiling...Ch. 17 - Prob. 21ESPCh. 17 - Prob. 22ESPCh. 17 - Because the degree of DNA methylation appears to...Ch. 17 - A particular type of anemia in humans, called...Ch. 17 - Regulation of the lac operon in E. coli (see...Ch. 17 - DNA methylation is commonly associated with a...Ch. 17 - During an examination of the genomic sequences...Ch. 17 - Prob. 28ESPCh. 17 - Although a single activator may bind many...Ch. 17 - Hereditary spherocytosis (HS) is a disorder...Ch. 17 - Transcription factors play key roles in the...
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