Genetics: From Genes to Genomes
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781259700903
Author: Leland Hartwell Dr., Michael L. Goldberg Professor Dr., Janice Fischer, Leroy Hood Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 17, Problem 32P
A hunchback gene, a gene necessary for proper patterning of Drosophila embryo, is translationally regulated. The position of the coding region within the transcript is known. How could you determine the sequences within the 5' UTR or 3' UTR', or both, are necessary for the proper regulation of the mRNA's translation?
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In eukaryotes there is not a consistent relationship between the length of the coding sequence of a gene and the length of the mature mRNA it encodes, even though one nucleotide in DNA = one nucleotide in pre-mRNA or primary transcript. Explain why this is so.
The following is the only intron sequence of a gene that will be excised during the maturation of the mRNA. But it is not spliced in some tissues, where alternative splicing pattern is seen. Will the amino acid of its protein product following this sequence change? Explain with an example.
ATAAGCCAGACTCAGCA
The hunchback gene, a gene necessary for proper patterning of the Drosophila embryo, is translationallyregulated. The position of the coding region withinthe transcript is known. How could you determine ifthe sequences within the 5′ UTR or 3′ UTR, or both,are necessary for proper regulation of the mRNA’stranslation?
Chapter 17 Solutions
Genetics: From Genes to Genomes
Ch. 17 - For each of the terms in the left column, choose...Ch. 17 - For each of the following types of gene...Ch. 17 - List five events other than transcription...Ch. 17 - Which eukaryotic RNA polymerase RNA pol I, pol II,...Ch. 17 - As shown in the following diagram, a single...Ch. 17 - You have synthesized an enhancerless GFP reporter...Ch. 17 - Prob. 7PCh. 17 - Prob. 8PCh. 17 - A single UAS regulates the expression of three...Ch. 17 - MyoD is a transcriptional activator that turns on...
Ch. 17 - a. Assume that two transcription factors are...Ch. 17 - Prob. 12PCh. 17 - In Problem 12, you identified a genomic region...Ch. 17 - Prob. 14PCh. 17 - Prob. 15PCh. 17 - Genes in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes are...Ch. 17 - Prob. 17PCh. 17 - Lysine 4 of histone H3 H3K4 is methylated in the...Ch. 17 - J.T. Lis and collaborators have developed an...Ch. 17 - Hydatiform moles are growths of undifferentiated...Ch. 17 - Prader-Willi syndrome is caused by a mutation in...Ch. 17 - The human IGF2 gene is autosomal and maternally...Ch. 17 - Follow the expression of a paternally imprinted...Ch. 17 - Reciprocal crosses were performed using two inbred...Ch. 17 - Interestingly, imprinting can be tissue-specific....Ch. 17 - Prob. 26PCh. 17 - A method for detecting methylated CpGs involves...Ch. 17 - Honeybees Apis mellifera provide a striking...Ch. 17 - Consider the experiment in Fig. 17.24, where the...Ch. 17 - A protein or RNA that regulates gene expression in...Ch. 17 - a. How can a single eukaryotic gene give rise to...Ch. 17 - A hunchback gene, a gene necessary for proper...Ch. 17 - You know that the mRNA and protein produced by a...Ch. 17 - You are studying a transgenic mouse strain that...Ch. 17 - Prob. 35PCh. 17 - Scientists have exploited the siRNA pathway to...Ch. 17 - Persimmons Diospyros lotus are dioecious plants,...Ch. 17 - Drosophila females homozygous for loss-of-function...Ch. 17 - The text has discussed the RNA-Seq technique,...Ch. 17 - Researchers know that Fru-M controls male sexual...Ch. 17 - The Drosophila gene Sex lethal Sxl is deserving of...Ch. 17 - Figure 17.29 shows that the Sxl protein binds to...
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- Transcriptional regulators are proteins that bind to promoters (the 5-flanking regions of genes) to regulate their transcription. Assume that a particular transcription regulator normally promotes transcription of gene X, a transport protein. If a mutation makes this regulator gene nonfunctional, would the resulting phenotype be similar to a mutation in gene X itself? Why or why not?arrow_forwardA membrane-associated protein kinase has the sequence -GMCLVS at its C-terminus, which has been shown by mutagenesis to be essential for its biological function and sub cellular location.a) What is the most likely post-translational modification that this motif would be susceptible to?b) How is this modification introduced to the protein?c) What is the likely effect of this modification on the behaviour of the protein?d) What other modification to N-terminus of the protein might achieve a similar effect on the behaviour of the protein?arrow_forwardThe asterisk (*) in the diagram below indicates a single base mutation in the 5' splice site of the second intron of a eukaryotic gene. Due to this mutation, the second intron is now not ‘spliced out’ during the splicing process. What are the most likely consequences of this mutation with respect to the size of the pre-mRNA and the size of the mature mRNA? a. The pre-mRNA will be longer and the mature mRNA will be longer. b. The pre-mRNA will be longer and the size of the mature mRNA will not be affected c. The size of the pre-mRNA will not be affected and the mature mRNA will be longer d. The size of the pre-mRNA will not be affected and the size of the mature mRNA will not be affectedarrow_forward
- The length of a particular gene in human DNA, measured from the start site for transcription to the end of the protein-coding region, is 10,000 nucleotides, whereas the length of the mRNA produced from this gene is 4000 nucleotides. What is the most likely reason for this difference?arrow_forwardA strain of Arabidopsis thaliana possesses a mutation in the APETALA2 gene. As a result of this mutation, much of the 3′ UTR of the mRNA transcribed from the gene is deleted. What is the most likely effect of this mutation on the expression of the APETALA2 gene?arrow_forwardEven though the LacZ,Y and A structural genes are transcribed as a single polycistronic mRNA, each gene contains the initiation and termination signals essential for translation. Predict what will happen when a cell growing in the presence of lactose contains a deletion of one nucleotide early in the Z gene and early in the A gene.arrow_forward
- Gene X codes for a protein in eukaryotes. A mutated eukaryotic cell contains an altered base-pair in an intron of gene X. Which would be the most likely effect of this mutation on the biomolecules in the cell? The amount of pre-mRNA transcribed from gene X would be less than normal. The amount of functional protein corresponding to gene X would be less than normal. The ability of snRNAs to form a spliceosome would be diminished. The breakdown of mature mRNA corresponding to gene X would be fasterarrow_forward"The gene for Receptor Z contains an unknown number of untranslated first exons that are spliced to a common exon 2" - what does it mean if a "first exon" is "spliced to a common exon 2"? Does it mean that Exon 1 is attached to Exon 2, but Exon 1 is not part of the translated protein - similar to the below schematic? mRNA Option 1: [Exon 1a][Exon 2][Exon 3].... mRNA Option 2:[Exon1b][Exon2][Exon 3] mRNA Option 3: [Exon1c][Exon2][Exon 3]arrow_forwardWhen a eukaryotic gene is cut out of genomic DNA, geneticists have discovered that enabling the strands to hydrogen bond allows them to hybridize one of the gene's strands to the mRNA for that gene. How can you tell whether this gene undergoes alternative splicing by comparing the mRNAs that result?arrow_forward
- What is the total size of the mature i.e. fully processed mRNA in nucleotides? How many amino acids would the encoded protein be? Assume that the N- terminal Met encoded by the AUG start codon, is NOT cleaved from the protein?arrow_forwardHow is it possible that a given mRNA in a cell is found throughout the cytoplasm but the protein that it encodes is only found in a few specific regions of the cytoplasm? Cite a few different possibilities.arrow_forwardConsider the following mRNA base sequence 5' CUG-CAC 3' (a) What dipeptide is coded for by this mRNA? (b) What dipeptide is formed if a mutation converts CUG to CUU? (c) What dipeptide is formed if a mutation converts CAC to CGC? (d) What dipeptide is formed if a mutation converts CUG to CUU and CAC to CGC?arrow_forward
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