Biochemistry
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781305577206
Author: Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 17, Problem 8P
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Fatty acid synthesis and β-oxidation do not occur simultaneously in a cell. Explain why preventing simultaneous synthesis and oxidation is necessary and how it is achieved. In your answer, be sure to describe the specific regulatory mechanisms involved. In your answer, you must also compare and contrast the pathways (include locations, enzymes, starting products, and ending products).
The synthesis of enzymes in response to changing metabolicneeds is referred to as _____________________.
Draw the integrated metabolic pathway during fed state.Include at least three metabolic pathways occuring during a fed state.Link the three pathways.
Chapter 17 Solutions
Biochemistry
Ch. 17 - Global Carbon Dioxide Cycling Expressed as Human...Ch. 17 - Prob. 2PCh. 17 - Where Do the O Atoms in Organisms Come From? Name...Ch. 17 - How Do Catabolism and Anabolism Differ? What are...Ch. 17 - How Art the Enzymes of Metabolic Pathways...Ch. 17 - Why Do Anabolic and Catabolic Pathways Differ? Why...Ch. 17 - Prob. 7PCh. 17 - How Is Metabolism Regulated? (Integrates with...Ch. 17 - Prob. 9PCh. 17 - Prob. 10P
Ch. 17 - Which Is “Better: NMR or MS? Compare and...Ch. 17 - How Do Vitamin-Derived Coenzymes Aid Metabolism?...Ch. 17 - What Art the Features of the Series of -omes?...Ch. 17 - Prob. 14PCh. 17 - Prob. 15PCh. 17 - Prob. 16PCh. 17 - Prob. 17PCh. 17 - Prob. 18PCh. 17 - Which of the following experimental approaches is...Ch. 17 - Prob. 20P
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- Cellular respiration connects the degradation of glucose to the formation of ATP, NADH and FADH2 in a series of 24 enzymatic reactions. Describe the major benefit of breaking down glucose over so many individual steps and describe the main role of NADH and FADH2arrow_forwardHow Do Vitamin-Derived Coenzymes Aid Metabolism? What chemical functionality is provided to enzyme reactions by pyridoxal phosphate (we Chapter 13)? By coenzyme A (see Chapter I9)? By vitamin B12 (see Chapter 23)? By thiamine pyrophosphate (see Chapter 19)?arrow_forwardSCIENTIFIC INQUIRY • DRAW IT A researcher has developedan assay to measure the activity of an important enzymepresent in pancreatic cells growing in culture. She adds theenzyme’s substrate to a dish of cells and then measures theappearance of reaction products. The results are graphed as theamount of product on the y-axis versus time on the x-axis. Theresearcher notes four sections of the graph. For a short periodof time, no products appear (section A). Then (section B) thereaction rate is quite high (the slope of the line is steep). Next,the reaction gradually slows down (section C). Finally, thegraph line becomes flat (section D). Draw and label the graph,and propose a model to explain the molecular events occurringat each stage of this reaction profile.arrow_forward
- Select all FALSE statements about allosteric enzymes. a. They interconvert between a more active form and a less active form. b. They tend to have a hyperbolic curve of ?0 vs. [S]. c.They conform to Michaelis–Menten kinetics. d. They are generally small single subunit proteins. e. They may have binding sites for regulatory molecules that are separate from active sites.arrow_forwardFor effective metabolic pathway regulation, a(an) ______ binds to the enzyme catalyzing the first committed step in a metabolic pathway.arrow_forwardExamine the graph showing the rate of reaction versus temperature for an enzyme–catalyzed reaction in a human. a. Describe what is happening to the enzyme at around 40°C. b. Explain why the line touches the x-axis at approximately 20°C and 45°C. c. Average body temperature for humans is 37°C. Suggest a reason why the temperature optimum of this enzyme is greater than 37°C.arrow_forward
- Can you explain the process of beta-oxidation for saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, and the synthesis of even-numbered saturated fatty acids, including the reactants, enzymes involved, and products, and provide a visual representation of the pathways?PRIORITY IS THE ILLUSTRATIONNO ILLUSTRATION GETS DOWNVOTEarrow_forwardThe Big Picture " - Metabolic Integration. Metabolic pathways are regulated to maintain homeostasis in the face of changing environmental conditions, such as food supply. Explain how this is achieved during the fed-fast cycle using pathways important for three macronutrients (CHOs, lipids, protein). Also, specify the Signal(s) involved in the modulation of these paths.arrow_forwardnzymes play a fundamental role in cell function. Regarding the biochemistry of enzymes, which of the following statements is correct? A. Most enzymes can bind and react with a wide range of different substrate molecules. B. Enzymes increase the rate of a spontaneous reaction by lowering the ΔG. C. Enzymes increase the enthalpy (H) of the products compared to the reactants. D. Enzymes increase the number of molecules that get to the transition state.arrow_forward
- Vitamin A mostly function as what? a. active siteb. enzymec. substrated. coenzymeIt is a very important process of cellular respiration.arrow_forwardHow do non-competitive inhibitors affect KM and Vmax? (explain with details) Feedback inhibition typically impedes the activity of the enzyme that catalyzes the first committed step of a metabolic pathway, rather than an enzyme that catalyzes a later step in the pathway. Why is this adaptive?arrow_forwardCreate a Venn-Diagram to compare & contrast CATABOLISM vs ANABOLISM such as its process/mechanism, relation with ATP, reaction type, etc. Moreover, provide at least two (2) specific metabolic pathways as examples for each. You can use coloring pens, crayons, and the like to make your presentation look appealing. Digital drawings are also acceptable.arrow_forward
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