CAMPBELL BIOLOGY IN FOCUS-W/MASTR.BIO.
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780134875040
Author: Urry
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 17.2, Problem 4CC
MAKE CONNECTIONS Compare the CRISPR system to the miRNAs discussed in Concept 15.3Q, including their mechanisms and their functions.
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Students have asked these similar questions
Consider the following sequence fragment of an mRNA. Which of the miRNAS below would be competent for gene silencing?
5'-AUGCAAGCAUUGGCCAAGCUU-3'
5'-AUGCAAGCAUUGGCCAAGCUU-3
5'-UACGUUCGUAACCGGUUCGAA-3'
5'-AAGCUUGGUUAAUGCUUGCAU-3'
5'-UUCGAACCAAUUACGAACGUA-3'
3'-UUCGAACCAAUUACGAACGUA-5
3'-AUGCAAGCAUUGGCCAAGCUU-5'
What are the differences between miRNA and siRNA?
(Select all that apply.)
OmiRNAs carry the genetic information from the DNA in
the nucleus directly to the cytoplasm, and siRNAs are
involved in the degradation of specific mRNA molecules.
miRNAs are from 22 to 30 bases long, and siRNAs are 22
bases long.
O miRNAs carry the genetic information from the DNA in
the nucleus directly to the cytoplasm, and siRNAs help
with the processing of the initial mRNA transcribed from
DNA into a mature form.
miRNAs prevent translation of certain mRNAs, and
siRNAs are involved in the degradation of specific mRNA
molecules.
miRNAs are 20 to 22 bases long, and siRNAs are from 20
to 30 bases long.
. In many bacterial species, regulatory sRNAs havebeen identified by transcriptome sequencing (RNASeq). How do researchers know that the small RNAspecies identified by cDNA sequencing are regulatorysRNAs rather than fragments of longer mRNAs?
Chapter 17 Solutions
CAMPBELL BIOLOGY IN FOCUS-W/MASTR.BIO.
Ch. 17.1 - Compare the structures of tobacco mosaic virus and...Ch. 17.1 - Prob. 2CCCh. 17.2 - Compare the effect on the host cell of a ly1ic...Ch. 17.2 - MAKE CONNECTIONS The RNA virus in Figure 17.7 has...Ch. 17.2 - Why is HIV called a retrovirus?Ch. 17.2 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Compare the CRISPR system to the...Ch. 17.3 - Describe two ways in which a preexisting virus...Ch. 17.3 - Contrast horizontal and vertical transmission of...Ch. 17.3 - Prob. 3CCCh. 17 - which of me following characteristics. structures....
Ch. 17 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 17 - A human pandemic is A. a viral disease that...Ch. 17 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 17 - RNA viruses require their own supply of certain...Ch. 17 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 17 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 17 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 17 - FOCUS ON ORGANIZATION While viruses are considered...Ch. 17 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE Oseltamivir (Tamiflu),...
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- Describe how RBPs can prevent miRNAs from degrading an RNA molecule.arrow_forwardYou are a research scientist studying miRNA processing. You currently know everything about the pathway except for one detail: whether Dicer resides in the nucleus or in the cytoplasm. You have an experiment setup where you have a miRNA that completely complements the GFP (green fluorescent protein) gene in a model yeast cell. You plan to mutate Exportin 5 and make it dysfunctional, then you will inject synthetic pre-miRNA either in its double strand form or its hairpin single strand form into the cell. Should you inject the synthetic pre-miRNA into the nucleus or the cytoplasm? a) b) If you inject hairpin single stranded pre-miRNA into the appropriate location in the cell, what color do you expect the yeast to be if Dicer is in the nucleus? What color would the yeast be if Dicer is in the cytoplasm? Briefly explain your reasoning.arrow_forwardCreate a hybrid cDNA-mRNA molecule using reverse transcriptase and oligo-dT primer, what is step 3 of making a cDNA library?arrow_forward
- E22. The method of Northern blotting is used to determine the amount and size of a particular RNA transcribed in a given cell type. Alternative splicing (discussed in Chapter 12) produces mRNAs of different lengths from the same gene. The Northern blot shown here was made using a DNA probe that is complementary to the MRNA encoded by a particular gene. The mRNA in lanes 1 through 4 was isolated from different cell types, and equal amounts of total cellular MRNA were added to each lane. 2 3 4 Lane 1: MRNA isolated from nerve cells Lane 2: MRNA isolated from kidney cells Lane 3: MRNA isolated from spleen cells Lane 4: MRNA isolated from muscle cells Explain these results. | |arrow_forwardThe piRNA, miRNA and RNAi pathways are all similar and may have evolved from some early function of small RNAs in an ancestral cell. The piRNA pathway seems a bit unique in several ways however. Name two distinct features that are unique to the piRNA pathway when compared to the miRNA and the RNAi pathwaarrow_forwardDescribe in detail the process of RNAI including the major protein involved. What is the role of RISC versus RITS? How is siRNA used in biotechnology? What are some limitations of RNAI?arrow_forward
- Describe in detail the process of RNAi including the major proteins involved. What is the role of RISC versus RITS? How is RISC versus RITS? How is siRNA used in biotechnology/ What are some limitations of RNAi?arrow_forward. Explain why a long open reading frame suggests theexistence of a protein-coding exonarrow_forwardWhat is the Guide RNA (gRNA) a chimera of? Why use a gRNA? What new things are researchers doing with CRISPR-Cas9? Reflecting on what you now know about CRISPR-Cas9, what are your thoughts on it’s use in humans and other organisms? What should we be allowed to do? Not do?arrow_forward
- Compare and contrast anti-miRNA oligonucleotides, locked nucleicacids (LNAs), and antagomirs, which may eventually be used to treat certain forms of cancer.arrow_forward31. CRISPR #1: A key revelation in the CASCADE-DNA structure is that DNA is engaged with crRNAs in 5-base pair blocks, with every sixth base unpaired. It was proposed that the crRNA 'seed' containing the 5-nucleotide stretches are 'pre-ordered' for DNA pairing due to their proximity to the protospacer adjacent motif (PAM). Unfortunately, the PAM nucleotides are disordered in the CASCADE-DNA structure (in addition to the opposing DNA strand). This is likely because this region is dynamic in the final X-ray structure. Why is the PAM region so important in the CRISPR mechanism?arrow_forwardBIOC 385 Structure and Function of RNA Q10.3: Describe the structure and function of miRNA, snRNA, and lncRNA, which represent the three major types of noncoding RNAs; what are four mechanisms by which lncRNA molecules are thought to regulate cellular processes?arrow_forward
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