Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation: Among the given terms aldoses, ketoses, hexoses and aldohexoses, the term that is applied to both
Concept introduction: The simplest hydrolyzed form that is obtained from the carbohydrates is known as monosaccharide. Monosaccharide is categorized into two types. The first type of monosaccharide is aldoses and the second type of monosaccharide is ketoses. Aldoses sugar possesses
Monosaccharides are also classified on the basis of the number of carbon atoms present in it. For example, the sugar that contains five carbon atoms is known as pentoses sugar and the sugar that contains six carbon atoms is known as hexoses sugar.
(b)
Interpretation: Among the given terms aldoses, ketoses, hexoses and aldohexoses, the term that is applied to both
Concept introduction: The simplest hydrolyzed form that is obtained from the carbohydrates is known as monosaccharide. Monosaccharide is categorized into two types. The first type of monosaccharide is aldoses and the second type of monosaccharide is ketoses. Aldoses sugar possesses aldehyde as a functional group and the ketoses sugar possesses ketone as a functional group.
Monosaccharides are also classified on the basis of the number of carbon atoms present in it. For example, the sugar that contains five carbon atoms is known as pentoses sugar and the sugar that contains six carbon atoms is known as hexoses sugar.
(c)
Interpretation: Among the given terms aldoses, ketoses, hexoses and aldohexoses, the term that is applied to both
Concept introduction: The simplest hydrolyzed form that is obtained from the carbohydrates is known as monosaccharide. Monosaccharide is categorized into two types. The first type of monosaccharide is aldoses and the second type of monosaccharide is ketoses. Aldoses sugar possesses aldehyde as a functional group and the ketoses sugar possesses ketone as a functional group.
Monosaccharides are also classified on the basis of the number of carbon atoms present in it. For example, the sugar that contains five carbon atoms is known as pentoses sugar and the sugar that contains six carbon atoms is known as hexoses sugar.
(d)
Interpretation: Among the given terms aldoses, ketoses, hexoses and aldohexoses, the term that is applied to both
Concept introduction: The simplest hydrolyzed form that is obtained from the carbohydrates is known as monosaccharide. Monosaccharide is categorized into two types. The first type of monosaccharide is aldoses and the second type of monosaccharide is ketoses. Aldoses sugar possesses aldehyde as a functional group and the ketoses sugar possesses ketone as a functional group.
Monosaccharides are also classified on the basis of the number of carbon atoms present in it. For example, the sugar that contains five carbon atoms is known as pentoses sugar and the sugar that contains six carbon atoms is known as hexoses sugar.
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Chapter 18 Solutions
Bundle: General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, 7th + OWLv2 Quick Prep for General Chemistry, 4 terms (24 months) Printed Access Card
- Indicate which of the terms monosaccharide, disaccharide, reducing sugar, anomers, enantiomers, and aldohexose applies to both members of each of the following pairs of substances. More than one term may apply to a given pair of substances. a-D-Glucose and a-D-galactose- Sucrose and cellobiose- Glyceraldehyde and dihydroxyacetone- D-Ribose and L-ribose-arrow_forwardPage 3 of 6 Previous Next For items 16-20, determine the monosaccharide units for each carbohydrate. Choic are: A. B-D-galactopyranose, and D-glucopyranose B. a-D-glucopyranose and D-glucopyranose C. N-acetyl-galactosamine D. B-D-glucuronate-2-sulfate, E. N-acetyl-B-D-glucosamine, and D-glucuronate 16. Maltose 17. Lactose and N-sulfo-D-glucosamine-6-sulfate 18. A-antigen oligosaccharide (end unit) 19. Heparin 20. Hyaluronic acid 344arrow_forwardDefine the following terms: a. lactose b. maltose c. homoglycans d. heteroglycans e. starcharrow_forward
- Draw the Fischer projection formula for each sugar and give the importance/use of each. 1. D- glyceraldehyde 2. D- erythrose 3. D- ribose 4. D- deoxyribose 5. D- glucose 6. D- galactose 7. D- fructose 8. D- ribulosearrow_forwardMatch the following sugars with their corresponding descriptions. A. Esculin J. 1. aldonitol G. rhamnose K cellobiose D. Melibiose E. saccharose C. raffinose H. trehalose F. Glucose B. Lactose Arabinose A. a pentose alcohol. B. a disaccharide consisting of glucose and galactose units linked by 3(1-4) glycosidic bond C. a trisaccharide consisting of galactose, fructose and glucose D. a disaccharide consisting of glucose and galactose units linked by a(1-6) glycosidic bond E. a disaccharide consisting of glucose and fructose linked by a1-32 glycosidic bond F. a monosaccharide under aldohexoses G. deoxymannose H. a disaccharide consisting of 2 glucose units linked by a(1-1) glycosidic bond I. glucoside of esculetin. J. a monosaccharide under aldopentoses K. a disaccharide consisting of 2 glucose units linked by B(1-4) glycosidic bondarrow_forwardListed below are descriptions that may belong to amylose, amylopectin, both, or it may not belong to either. Write A if it describes amylose, B if it describes amylopectin, AB if the statement applies to both, or O if it doesn’t apply to either. 1. Its monosaccharides are bound by at least one α-1,4-glycosidic bond. 2. It contains α-1,6-glycosidic bonds. 3. It can be broken down by the enzyme α-amylase. 4. A polysaccharide made up of gulose. 5. It can form a double helix.arrow_forward
- Consider the following statements: (1) The term sugar is a general designation for both monosaccharides and disaccharides. (2) The "penultimate carbon" in a monosaccharide is used to determine D- or L-configuration. (3) Sucrose is a reducing sugar and lactose is a nonreducing sugar. O Two of the three statements are true. All three statements are true. O Only one of the statements is true. None of the statements are true.arrow_forwardThese are the options: Given the choices of carbohydrates in the following list and provide the type of carbohydrates that match with the given descriptions A. Glucose B. Fructose C. Galactose D. Mannose E. Ribose F. Xylose G. Xylulose H. Glucosamine I. Maltose J. Sucrose K. Lactose L. Trehalose M. Amylose N. Amylopectin O. Cellulose P. Agarose Q. Glycosaminoglycanarrow_forwardDraw the structure of lactose and name its constituent monosaccharides. What enzyme is responsible for the degradation of lactose into its component parts?arrow_forward
- Identify which of the following structural polysaccharides (amylopectin, amylose, glycogen, cellulose, and chitin) fits the description given below. A specific description may apply to more than one of the polysaccharides. 1. Contains both a(1→4) and a(1→6) glycosidic linkages 2. Polymer chain is unbranched 3. Glucose derivatives are present in the polymer chain 4. Contains only ß(1→4) glycosidic linkagesarrow_forwardDefine the following terms: a. enterocyte b. N-glycan c. O-glycan d. glycogen e. glycosaminoglycanarrow_forwardA student performed Benedict’s test on fructose, maltose, lactose, and sucrose to determine if they are reducing or non-reducing sugars. a. Draw out the products of those carbohydrates/sugars that can be oxidized and explain why those sugars are so easily oxidized. Please provide only those sugars that are reducing sugars.arrow_forward
- Concepts of BiologyBiologyISBN:9781938168116Author:Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James WisePublisher:OpenStax College