Study Guide for Campbell Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134443775
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece, Martha R. Taylor, Michael A. Pollock
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 18, Problem 2TYK
Summary Introduction
Introduction: In genetics, an operon is the functional unit of a gene. Operon has a cluster of genes controlled by single promoter. Trp operon is a characteristic feature of many bacteria including Escherichia coli (E. coli). It is a gram-negative, rod-shaped bacteria living in the large intestine of higher vertebrates. In E. coli, tryp operon is used for the transcription of genes responsible for the production of an amino acid tryptophan. Trp operon is an example of the negative feedback mechanism, where the presence of increased levels of tryptophan switches off the trp operon.
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What is an operon ?
a. A series of genes controlled by the same operator
b. A series of genes on the same mRNA molecule
c. A series of genes that all have the same function
d. A series of genes all regulated by the same repressor
Gene expression in bacteria is controlled by the operon model.
a) Why is the operon model important?
b) Why is the trp operon known as a repressible operon?
Which of the following statements about gene regulation is false?
a. An operon contains DNA sequences that regulates its own expression.
b. The operator region can only be bound by an activator protein.
c. Transcription factors can affect the binding of RNA polymerase to the promoter.
d. A repressor is a transcription factor that hinders gene transcription.
Chapter 18 Solutions
Study Guide for Campbell Biology
Ch. 18 - In the following diagram of the lac operon, an...Ch. 18 - a. Repressible enzymes usually function in _____...Ch. 18 - a. Give an example of highly methylated and...Ch. 18 - Label the components of the following diagram that...Ch. 18 - a. How is the process of alternate RNA splicing...Ch. 18 - a. Describe how miRNAs regulate gene expression....Ch. 18 - a. What is the difference between determination...Ch. 18 - What type of evidence established that Bicoid...Ch. 18 - a. List three genetic changes that can convert a...Ch. 18 - Complete the following concept map to help you...
Ch. 18 - Fill in the following table to help you organize...Ch. 18 - Prob. 3SYKCh. 18 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 18 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 18 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 18 - Prob. 4TYKCh. 18 - Prob. 5TYKCh. 18 - DNA methylation of cytosine bases a. initiates the...Ch. 18 - Which of the following is not true of enhancers?...Ch. 18 - Prob. 8TYKCh. 18 - A eukaryotic gene typically has all of the...Ch. 18 - Prob. 10TYKCh. 18 - Prob. 11TYKCh. 18 - Which of the following statements explains why a...Ch. 18 - Prob. 13TYKCh. 18 - Prob. 14TYKCh. 18 - Prob. 15TYKCh. 18 - Prob. 16TYKCh. 18 - What would be the fate of a Drosophila larva that...Ch. 18 - Prob. 18TYKCh. 18 - Prob. 19TYKCh. 18 - Prob. 20TYKCh. 18 - Prob. 21TYKCh. 18 - Prob. 22TYKCh. 18 - Prob. 23TYKCh. 18 - Which of the following would most likely account...
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- A mutation that inactivates the repressor gene of the lac operon results in (a) the continuous transcription of the structural genes (b) no transcription of the structural genes (c) the binding of the repressor to the operator (d) no production of RNA polymerase (e) no difference in the rate of transcriptionarrow_forwardWhat would occur if the repressor of an inducible operon weremutated so it could not bind the operator?(A) irreversible binding of the repressor to the promoter(B) reduced transcription of the operon’s genes(C) buildup of a substrate for the pathway controlled by theoperon(D) continuous transcription of the operon’s genesarrow_forwardWhich of these BEST DESCRIBE tryptophan in the Trp Operon? A. Acts as a corepressor B. Acts as a coactivator C. Acts as an inducer D. Acts as an enhancerarrow_forward
- What is the role of a substrate that controls a repressible operon? a. increase the production of inactive repressor proteins b. bind to the repressor protein and activate it c. bind to the repressor protein and deactivate it d. bind to the promoter region and decrease the affinity of RNA polymerase for the promoterarrow_forwardIf β-galactosidase is expressed when lactose is absent, what does this suggest about the lac operon? a) There is a mutation in the repressor protein b) There is a mutation in the catabolite activator protein c) There is a mutation in the promoter region d) There is a mutation in the luxI proteinarrow_forwardThe regulator protein that acts on a negative repressible operon is synthesized as a. an active activator. c. an active repressor. b. an inactive activator. d. an inactive repressor.arrow_forward
- In the trp operon, if a mutation occurred in the gene for the repressor so that it could bind to the operator even in the absence of tryptophan____________. a) the inducer cannot bind trpO, so operon gene transcription occurs b) the active repressor cannot bind trpO, so operon gene transcription is attenuated c)the active repressor binds tpO, so operon gene transcription is always repressed d) the repressor binds the corepressor, and operon gene transcription occurs.arrow_forwardYou are growing E. coli in a laboratory in order to study their operons. The growth media you are using contains lactose, no glucose and no tryptophan. Using your knowledge of operons and their regulation a.Which operons would be functional under these conditions? b.What repressors would be made? (NOTE: name the repressors using their gene names) c.Which repressor(s) would be made in the inactive form? d.Which repressor(s) would be made in the active form? e.Which repressor(s) under these conditions can bind the operator sequence? f.Which repressor(s)under these conditions cannot bind the operator sequence?arrow_forwardHow does tryptophan regulates its own production? a. When tryptophan levels are high, it binds to the trp repressor, which changes its shape and binds to the operator sequence in the trp operon. b. When tryptophan levels are high, it binds to the trp repressor, which changes its shape and binds to the promoter sequence in the trp operon. c. When tryptophan levels are high, it binds to the trp repressor, which changes its shape and falls off from the operator sequence in the trp operon. d. When tryptophan levels are high, it binds to the trp repressor, which changes its shape and falls off from the promoter sequence in the trp operon.arrow_forward
- In a bacterial operon, the active repressor bind to the A. promoter. B. terminator. C. operator. D. regulator.arrow_forwardDefine the following in the context of operons: a. positive control b. give an example of an operon that is under positive control c. negative control d. give an example of an operon that is under negative control e. repressor f. give an example of a repressor molecule g. activator h. give an example of an activatorarrow_forwarda. What is the function of operons in bacterial gene regulation? b. Describe how a bacterial operon can be regulated by repressible proteins (such as the tryptophan operon). Include in your description both the “on” and “off” states of the operon. Key elements of your diagram should include: Co-repressor, Genes, mRNA, Operator, Operon, Promoter, Repressor, RNA polymerase.arrow_forward
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