Study Guide for Campbell Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134443775
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece, Martha R. Taylor, Michael A. Pollock
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 18, Problem 24TYK
Which of the following would most likely account for a family history of colorectal cancer?
- a. a diet that is high in fats and fiber
- b. inheritance of one mutated APC allele that regulates cell adhesion and migration
- c. inheritance of the ras oncogene, which locks the G protein in an active configuration
- d. inheritance of a proto-oncogene
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Chapter 18 Solutions
Study Guide for Campbell Biology
Ch. 18 - In the following diagram of the lac operon, an...Ch. 18 - a. Repressible enzymes usually function in _____...Ch. 18 - a. Give an example of highly methylated and...Ch. 18 - Label the components of the following diagram that...Ch. 18 - a. How is the process of alternate RNA splicing...Ch. 18 - a. Describe how miRNAs regulate gene expression....Ch. 18 - a. What is the difference between determination...Ch. 18 - What type of evidence established that Bicoid...Ch. 18 - a. List three genetic changes that can convert a...Ch. 18 - Complete the following concept map to help you...
Ch. 18 - Fill in the following table to help you organize...Ch. 18 - Prob. 3SYKCh. 18 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 18 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 18 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 18 - Prob. 4TYKCh. 18 - Prob. 5TYKCh. 18 - DNA methylation of cytosine bases a. initiates the...Ch. 18 - Which of the following is not true of enhancers?...Ch. 18 - Prob. 8TYKCh. 18 - A eukaryotic gene typically has all of the...Ch. 18 - Prob. 10TYKCh. 18 - Prob. 11TYKCh. 18 - Which of the following statements explains why a...Ch. 18 - Prob. 13TYKCh. 18 - Prob. 14TYKCh. 18 - Prob. 15TYKCh. 18 - Prob. 16TYKCh. 18 - What would be the fate of a Drosophila larva that...Ch. 18 - Prob. 18TYKCh. 18 - Prob. 19TYKCh. 18 - Prob. 20TYKCh. 18 - Prob. 21TYKCh. 18 - Prob. 22TYKCh. 18 - Prob. 23TYKCh. 18 - Which of the following would most likely account...
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- Which of the following effectively describes the situation of someone with an inherited predisposition to cancer such as familial adenomatous polyposis or BRCA-associated familial breast cancer? Choose all that apply a) If they get malignant cancer, somatic mutations will not have been a factor b) Their cancer will most likely arise in their germ cells, not their somatic cells c) None of the answers effectively describes the situation d) Every cell of their body contains a gain-of-function allele of an oncogene e) Most cells in their body contain multiple cancer-causing mutations f) Every cell of their body contains a defective, loss-of-function allele of a tumor suppressor genearrow_forwardDo you think there are more unique alleles of p53 that lead to cancer or more unique alleles of Ras that lead to cancer? Please explain.arrow_forwardPeople who inherit two copies of the BRCA1 mutation are not born with cancer, and some of them never end up developing cancer. Give a possible explanation for why a mutation in a single gene does not always lead to cancer.arrow_forward
- In what category of cancer-related genes is it possible to find inherited variants that are associated with cancer? Why? Group of answer choices 1. Tumor suppressor genes, because genes in this category are very important in the process of developing cancer. 2. Proto-oncogenes, because individuals who carry only one cancer-causing allele will have a wildtype phenotype. 3. Proto-oncogenes, because there are very few genes in this category, so mutations in them are rare. 4. Tumor suppressor genes, because individuals who carry only one cancer-causing allele will have a wildtype phenotype.arrow_forwardClassify the following genes as proto-oncogenes or tumor-suppressor genes: p53, ras, Bcl-2, telomerase, jun, andarrow_forwardWhy does a single mutation in a proto-oncogene, turning it into an oncogene potentially lead to a cancerous phenotype, while it takes two mutations in tumor suppressor genes to lead to a cancerous phenotype?arrow_forward
- Which of the following accurately compares tumor suppressor genes and proto-oncogenes? A. Both tumor suppressor and proto-oncogenes prevent the spread of cancer by targeting and destroying existing cancer cells. B. A person who has both tumor suppressor and proto-oncogenes will always develop cancer. C. Proto-oncogenes code for growth factors, while tumor suppressor genes inhibit cell division of damaged cells. D. When a proto-oncogene mutates, it becomes a tumor suppressor gene.arrow_forwardA temperature-sensitive mutant allele of Ras causes the Ras protein to be fixed in the GDP-bound state at the nonpermissive temperature. What phenotype would you expect a cell homozygous for this mutation to have at the nonpermissive temperature? A.) It would stop dividing. B.) It would divide continuously. C.) It would divide normally.arrow_forwardThe p53 gene was discovered in 1979, but it was not clear whether the gene functioned as an oncogene or a tumor-suppressor gene. Several years later, researchers showed that both p53 alleles are inactivated in some mouse cancers. This evidence suggests A. the p53 gene is an oncogene because inactivated alleles would produce mutated signal transduction proteins that would result in stimulating cell division. B. the p53 gene is an oncogene because the cell would overproduce transcription factors to compensate for the inactive alleles, resulting in increased cell division. C. the p53 gene is a tumor-suppressor gene because inactivated alleles indicate a loss of protein function which allowed the cancer to develop D. the p53 gene is a tumor-suppressor gene because the cell would produce too few transcription factors for gene activation, resulting in decreased cell division.arrow_forward
- Distinguish between proto-oncogenes and tumor-suppressor genes. To become cancer promoting, do proto-oncogenes and tumor-suppressor genes undergo gain-of-function or loss-of-function mutations? Classify the following genes as proto-oncogenes or tumor-suppressor genes: p53, ras, BCL-2, JUN, MDM2, and p16.arrow_forwardIntitial analysis of a human colon cancer tumor indicates mutations/defects in APC, B-Raf and p53. Which of the genes below is also most likely mutated in this tumor (select one)? A. Beta-catenin B. K-RAS C. SMAD4 D. MDM2 E. p14 ARFarrow_forwardWhich of the following is NOT a way in which proto-oncogenes can change to become genes that induce cancer? Group of answer choices a. changes in a control element (enhancer) to increase transcription b. gene amplification c. changes in DNA sequence to produce a product that degrades rapidly d. movement of the gene adjacent to a different control element to increase transcription e. changes in DNA sequence to produce a product that isarrow_forward
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