Study Guide for Campbell Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134443775
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece, Martha R. Taylor, Michael A. Pollock
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 18, Problem 22TYK
Summary Introduction
Introduction: The genes that are responsible for inducing cancer are known as oncogenes. The activity of oncogenes is, however, controlled by tumor suppressor genes. The products of tumor suppressor genes present in the cells prevent uncontrolled cell growth, thereby preventing the transcription of oncogenes.
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Which of the following best describes a gene that codes for a tumor-suppressor protein?
a. One that helps to prevent progression through the cell cycle.
b. One that helps prevent apoptosis.
c. One that codes for a DNA repair enzyme.
d. One that supports part of a growth factor signaling pathway.
Which of the following statements correctly describes a characteristic of tumor-suppressor gene?
a) they are frequently overexpressed in cancerous cells.
b) they are cancer-causing genes introduced into cells by viruses.
c) they encode proteins that help prevent uncontrolled cell growth.
d) they often encode proteins that stimulate the cell cycle.
Most forms of cancer involvea. the activation of a single oncogene.b. the inactivation of a single tumor-suppressor gene.c. the activation of multiple oncogenes.d. the activation of multiple oncogenes and the inactivation ofmultiple tumor-suppressor genes.
Chapter 18 Solutions
Study Guide for Campbell Biology
Ch. 18 - In the following diagram of the lac operon, an...Ch. 18 - a. Repressible enzymes usually function in _____...Ch. 18 - a. Give an example of highly methylated and...Ch. 18 - Label the components of the following diagram that...Ch. 18 - a. How is the process of alternate RNA splicing...Ch. 18 - a. Describe how miRNAs regulate gene expression....Ch. 18 - a. What is the difference between determination...Ch. 18 - What type of evidence established that Bicoid...Ch. 18 - a. List three genetic changes that can convert a...Ch. 18 - Complete the following concept map to help you...
Ch. 18 - Fill in the following table to help you organize...Ch. 18 - Prob. 3SYKCh. 18 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 18 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 18 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 18 - Prob. 4TYKCh. 18 - Prob. 5TYKCh. 18 - DNA methylation of cytosine bases a. initiates the...Ch. 18 - Which of the following is not true of enhancers?...Ch. 18 - Prob. 8TYKCh. 18 - A eukaryotic gene typically has all of the...Ch. 18 - Prob. 10TYKCh. 18 - Prob. 11TYKCh. 18 - Which of the following statements explains why a...Ch. 18 - Prob. 13TYKCh. 18 - Prob. 14TYKCh. 18 - Prob. 15TYKCh. 18 - Prob. 16TYKCh. 18 - What would be the fate of a Drosophila larva that...Ch. 18 - Prob. 18TYKCh. 18 - Prob. 19TYKCh. 18 - Prob. 20TYKCh. 18 - Prob. 21TYKCh. 18 - Prob. 22TYKCh. 18 - Prob. 23TYKCh. 18 - Which of the following would most likely account...
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- Tumor-suppressor genes promote cancer whena. they are overexpressed.b. they are expressed in the wrong cell type.c. their function is inactivated.d. they are expressed at the wrong stage of development.arrow_forwardCancer causing genes are called ________. a. transformation genes b. tumor suppressor genes c. oncogenes d. mutated genesarrow_forwardWhich of the following must scientists understand in order to create effective cancer treatments? Select all that apply. a why cancer is difficult to treat b where cancer originated c how cancer cells multiply d how cancer cells growarrow_forward
- ________ are changes to the nucleotides in a segment of DNA that codes for a protein. a. Proto-oncogenes b. Tumor suppressor genes c. Gene mutations d. Negative regulatorsarrow_forwardWhich of the following accurately compares tumor suppressor genes and proto-oncogenes? A. Both tumor suppressor and proto-oncogenes prevent the spread of cancer by targeting and destroying existing cancer cells. B. A person who has both tumor suppressor and proto-oncogenes will always develop cancer. C. Proto-oncogenes code for growth factors, while tumor suppressor genes inhibit cell division of damaged cells. D. When a proto-oncogene mutates, it becomes a tumor suppressor gene.arrow_forwardWhich of the following mutations is MOST likely to cause cancer? A) a mutation that causes a cyclin gene to be expressed at all times during the cell cycle B) a mutation that causes an oncogene to be turned off so that no protein is made C) a mutation that causes a Cdk gene to be turned off so that no protein is made D) a mutation that causes a tumor suppressor gene to be over-expressedarrow_forward
- Which of the following demonstrates the link between oncogenes and cancer? a.Oncogenes do not have mutations that increase the activity or number of molecules that stimulate mitosis. b.Oncogenes produce molecules that inhibit mitosis. c.They are genes that transform tumor cells into normal cells. d.The mutations in oncogenes increase the activity or number of molecules that stimulate mitosis, leading to irregular cell division.arrow_forwardA. Which genes could be used to monitor the process of the disease? B.  If you worked for a drug company developing a treatment for the cancer, which genes would you target to turn on in cancer cells? C. Which genes would you target to turn off in cancer cells?arrow_forwardIn a wild-type cell, the function of a protein encoded by a tumor-suppressor gene is to cause a cell to ______. A.) stop dividing B.)extend its telomeres C.) grow toward a new blood vessel D.) respond to a growth factorarrow_forward
- Compare and contrast oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes.arrow_forwardA tumor suppressor genea. inhibits cell division.b. opposes oncogenes.c. prevents cancer.d. is subject to mutations.e. All of these are correct.arrow_forwardImagine you have used cBioportal and breast cancer patient datasets and identified a cancer-associated mutation in a particular protein. What would you do next to understand whether that mutation contributes to tumor progression (include experimental approach)?arrow_forward
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