WORLD OF CELL+MASTERING ACCESS >CUSTOM
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781323445044
Author: Hardin
Publisher: PEARSON C
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Chapter 19, Problem 19.5CC
Suppose you use molecular biology techniques to produce an engineered form of the enzyme hexokinase that contains a signal sequence at its N-terminus and the green fluorescent protein (GFP) at its C-terminus. You add mRNA corresponding to this protein to cells. What do you expect to see as this mRNA is translated? Explain your answer.
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Suppose the gene that produced this mRNA happens to mutate so that one of the codons in the middle of the mRNA becomes a stop codon. What will happen the next time the gene is transcribed and translated? Will any protein be produced from the mutant mRNA? Explain.
What happens when one base pair of DNA is lost from the coding region of a gene because of mutation? First explain how this would affect the mRNA sequence, and second, explain how this would alter the amino acid of the protein that is encoded.
What is the name of the enzyme is responsible for transcribing the DNA sequence into mRNA? In your own words, explain what this enzyme does.
Chapter 19 Solutions
WORLD OF CELL+MASTERING ACCESS >CUSTOM
Ch. 19 - Suppose a tRNA has the anticodon 3-CGU-5. What two...Ch. 19 - Kanamycin is an antibiotic that binds to bacterial...Ch. 19 - You are working in a lab to identify new alleles...Ch. 19 - Suppose you are using GFP fusion proteins to study...Ch. 19 - Enzymes can undergo allosteric regulation or...Ch. 19 - Suppose you use molecular biology techniques to...Ch. 19 - Prob. 19.1PSCh. 19 - Tracking a Series of Mutations. The following...Ch. 19 - Prob. 19.3PSCh. 19 - Prob. 19.4PS
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- Imagine that you and your colleagues are working in a lab to develop a protein synthesis system for a new type of synthetic cell. During your brainstorming sessions, you propose that polycistronic mRNA would be much more useful than mRNA that is only translated into one protein. This would allow for multiple proteins necessary for a particular function to be translated together. One of your colleagues says that is a good idea, but if you decide to go with polycistronic mRNA, you’d better make sure to use a prokaryotic translation system. Why might it be problematic to use a eukaryotic translation system with polycistronic mRNA? Mention three reasons:arrow_forward(a) Write the sequence of the mRNA molecule synthesized from a DNA template strand having the following sequence:5'–ATCGTACCGTTA–3' (b) What amino acid sequence is encoded by the following base sequence of an mRNA molecule? Assume that the reading frame starts at the 5’ end.5'–UUGCCUAGUGAUUGGAUG–3! (c) What is the sequence of the polypeptide formed on addition of poly(UUAC) to a cell-free proteinsynthesizing system?arrow_forwardA scientist studies the production of a key digestive enzyme in silk moths. The moths have one gene for this enzyme, and the scientist extracts mRNA transcribed from this gene as well as protein translated from it. The gene has three introns in its sequence. If the researcher compares mRNA from inside the nucleus to mRNA from the ribosomes, what will be found? A. less mRNA in the nucleus B. shorter mRNA in the ribosomes C. identical mRNAs in both places D. mRNA covalently attached to protein in the nucleusarrow_forward
- suppose that a gene has a mutation that changes one nucleotide. Because of this one nucleotide change, the mRNA produced from this gene has a slightly difference sequence compared to the mRNA produced from the unaltered/non-mutated gene. However, the resulting protein produced from both of these gene versions is exactly the same. This type of mutation would be classified asarrow_forwardif the following DNA sequence were transcribed, which of the following describes the output of this process? 3'- TCTGGACA-5' A. This would produce a protein that looks like 5'- A G A C C U G U -3' B. This would produce a tRNA that looks like 3'- A G AC C U G U -5' C. This would produce an mRNA that looks like this: 5'- A G AC C U G U -3' D. This would produce an mRNA that looks like 3'- U C U G G A CA -5' E. This would produce another strand of DNA that 0ok like 5-AG ACCT GT-3. ..arrow_forwardIf a human gene is found to contain five introns, the mature mRNA encoded by that gene would have how many exons? a) four exons b) five exons c) six exons d) there could be multiple mRNA that contain between one and six exonsarrow_forward
- a) Two of the following three mRNA sequences code for the same protein. Delete the sequence which does NOT code for the same protein as the other two. [ /1] #1 UUU CCU AGU GGU #2 UUC CCA AGC GGC #3 UUC CCG AGA GGA b) Despite the fact that one of the mRNA sequences above codes for a different protein, it IS possible that it will be translated into the same protein as the other two. Based on what you have learned in this unit, explain how this might happen.arrow_forwardGeneticists have found that when they cut out a eukaryotic gene from genomic DNA that they can hybridize one of the strands of that gene to the mRNA for that gene by allowing the strands to hydrogen bond. Why did the appearance of these hybridized strands provide evidence of the existence of introns in eukaryotic genes?arrow_forwardThe base sequence of the gene coding for a short polypeptide is TAC CTA CGC TAG GCG ATT GAC T. What would be the base sequence of the mRNA transcribed from this gene? The base sequence of the gene coding for a short polypeptide is TAC CTA CGC TAG GCG ATT GAC T. From your answer to the last question, answer this Using the genetic code, give the amino acid sequence of the polypeptide translated from this mRNA. Use the three-letter abbrebviation of the amino acid and start with the start codon and stop in the stop codon.arrow_forward
- As shown in the following diagram, a pre-mRNA contains seven exons, which are numbered in black, and six introns, which are numbered in green. A splicing repressor binds at the 3′ splice site at the end of intron 4, which is just before exon 5. What exons will be included in the mature mRNA?arrow_forwardConsider the following mRNA base sequence 5' CUG-CAC 3' (a) What dipeptide is coded for by this mRNA? (b) What dipeptide is formed if a mutation converts CUG to CUU? (c) What dipeptide is formed if a mutation converts CAC to CGC? (d) What dipeptide is formed if a mutation converts CUG to CUU and CAC to CGC?arrow_forwardWhen a eukaryotic gene is cut out of genomic DNA, geneticists have discovered that enabling the strands to hydrogen bond allows them to hybridize one of the gene's strands to the mRNA for that gene. How can you tell whether this gene undergoes alternative splicing by comparing the mRNAs that result?arrow_forward
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