Concept explainers
a.
To explain: The term population.
Introduction: The hierarchal system of classification classifies and groups the living organisms into different level based on the characteristics and properties they have in common. The basic unit of classification in this system is the species.
b.
To explain: The term gene pool.
Introduction: A gene can be defined as a unit of inheritance which enables the transfer of characteristics from the parent to its offspring. It helps in the transmission of characteristics across generations.
c.
To explain: The term allele frequency.
Introduction: Allele refers to a pair of genes present on a chromosome. The allele is responsible for propagation of traits in organisms. Alleles are generally present in pairs of two.
d.
To explain: To explain the term genotype frequency.
Introduction: Genotype can be described as the genetic constitution of an individual. Genotype constitutes of the genes which underlie the inheritance amongst organisms.
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Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)
- How Can We Measure Allele Frequencies in Populations? Explain the connection between changes in population allele frequencies and evolution, and relate this to the observations made by Wallace and Darwin concerning natural selection.arrow_forward10,000 individuals are sampled from a population and are found to display one of three blood types: AA with 6800 individuals, AB with 2800 individuals and type BB with 400 individuals. a) What is the frequency of each genotype in the population? b) What is the frequency of the A allele? c) What is the frequency of the B allele?arrow_forwardHow would you calculate the allele frequencies fora two-allele trait in a population if given the genotypefrequencies?arrow_forward
- 10,000 individuals are sampled from a population and are found to display one of three blood types: AA with 6800 individuals, AB with 2800 individuals and type BB with 400 individuals. a) What is the frequency of each genotype in the population? b) What is the frequency of the A allele? c) What is the frequency of the B allele? d) If the next generation contains 25,000 individuals, how many would have blood type BB, assuming the population is in Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium?arrow_forwardWhich statement best summarizes why genetic drift tends to impact small populations more than large populations? A. Small populations have a heterozygote advantage because heterozygotes are more common than homozygotes. B. Small populations have a smaller gene pool, so random changes influence them more. C. Small populations have a relatively large gene pool, so the founder effect stabilizes their alleles.D. Small populations tend to experience directional selection, making one phenotype more common.arrow_forwardGiven a population of 100 individuals where 15 are AA, 25 are Aa, and 60 are aa, what is the frequency of allele "A"and the frequency of allele "a"arrow_forward
- If in a population there are 37 individuals with genotype RR, 50 Rr individuals, and 13 rr individuals, what is the allele frequency of r in the population?arrow_forwardSuppose in a certain population there are 100 individuals homozygous for the A1 allele, 400 individuals homozygous for the A2 allele, and 500 heterozygous individuals. What are the genotype frequencies? What are the allele frequencies?arrow_forwardIn genetics, what does the term population mean? Pick any species you like and describe how its population might change over the course of many generations.arrow_forward
- What are fixed alleles, how do they affect population? Example provided pleasearrow_forwardIs it possible to calculate any of the genotype frequencies in a population just by counting? If so which one(s)?arrow_forwardIf you measured the allele frequencies of a gene and found large differences from those predicted by the Hardy–Weinberg principle, would that prove that natural selection is occurring in the population you are studying? Review the conditions that lead to an equilibrium population, and explain your answer.arrow_forward
- Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Co...BiologyISBN:9781305251052Author:Michael CummingsPublisher:Cengage Learning