BIOLOGY: LIFE ON EARTH-W/MASTERING ACCE
2020th Edition
ISBN: 9780135686553
Author: Audesirk
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 19, Problem 4MC
In modern systematics, classifications are expected to
a. group organisms that share similar appearance.
b. include Linnaean taxonomic ranks.
c. reflect evolutionary history.
d. never change once established.
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Which of the following is TRUE about a phylogenetic tree?
It provides a drawing the reflects the proven relationships between living and extinct species.
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It provides a hypothetical model of the relationships between extinct species.
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It provides a hypothetical model of the relationships between living and extinct species.
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It a diagram used by scientists that provides a model of evolutionary relationships without the need for scientific data.
The branch of systematic biology that assigns organisms to specificclassifications (domain, phyla, class, etc.) is calleda. phylogenetics.b. taxonomy.c. systematics.d. cladistics.
What is true about organisms that are a part of the same clade? a. They all share the same basic characteristics. b. They evolved from a shared ancestor. c. They usually fall into the same classification taxa. d. They have identical phylogenies.
Chapter 19 Solutions
BIOLOGY: LIFE ON EARTH-W/MASTERING ACCE
Ch. 19 - To say that species A is more closely related to...Ch. 19 - To be informative for reconstructing the phylogeny...Ch. 19 - Which of the following illustrates the correct way...Ch. 19 - In modern systematics, classifications are...Ch. 19 - Which of the following includes all the domains...Ch. 19 - The science of naming and classifying organisms is...Ch. 19 - 2. 2. A scientific name consists of a(n) _________...Ch. 19 - In Linnaean classification, the eight major...Ch. 19 - 4. Systematists determine the evolutionary...Ch. 19 - Prob. 5FTB
Ch. 19 - The number of named species is about __________,...Ch. 19 - What contributions did Linnaeus and Darwin make to...Ch. 19 - What features would you study to determine whether...Ch. 19 - What techniques might you use to determine whether...Ch. 19 - 4. Only a small fraction of the total number of...Ch. 19 - 5. In England, “daddy longlegs” refers to a...Ch. 19 - Prob. 6RQCh. 19 - The pressures created by human population growth...Ch. 19 - Prob. 2ACCh. 19 - 3. Consider the following list of groups: (1)...
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- People studying fossils have to employ which of the following species concepts? a. The Morphospecies Concept b. The Biological Species Concept c. The Phylogenetic Species Concept d. The Physical Species Conceptarrow_forwardA branch points on a phylogenetic tree is where scientists that study systematics place a groups organisms that share the formation of a new character. b organisms that have not yet diverged. c the emergence of a new genus. d the root of a phylogeny.arrow_forwardWhat is true about organisms that are a part of the same clade? a. They all share the same basic characteristics. b. They evolved from a shared ancestor. c. They all are on the same tree. d. They have identical phylogenies.arrow_forward
- Would a frame for a hierarchical taxonomic structure inherit attributes and properties from higher levels? For instance, if I was doing a frame for a specific animal like a Peregrine Falcon, would the frame consist of attributes and properties inherited from Falconidae, Falconiformes, Aves, Vertebrata, Chordata and Animalia? What would the frame look like?arrow_forwardIn order to determine polarity for different states of a character a. there must be a fossil record of the groups in question. b. genetic sequence data must be available. c. an appropriate name for the taxonomic group must be selected. d. an outgroup must be identified.arrow_forwardIn taxonomy, what traits have been used to classify species? Select all that apply. A. Differences in DNA sequences B. Anatomical features C. Geographic distributions D. Differences in atomic structurearrow_forward
- Which statement is usually true about phylogenetic trees? a) nodes represent points when traits have evolved b) branch tips that are next to each other are more closely related c) the branching pattern describes the hypothesized evolutionary relationships between the taxa d) the order of the branch tips (left to right) indicates which taxa are more advanced evolutionarilyarrow_forwardClarify the following concepts: Note that this is not just a listing of definitions. a. Identification b. Nomenclature c. Classification d. Taxonomy e. Systematicsarrow_forwardAll of the following are true about phylogenies, EXCEPT: a. They are considered an unbiased reconstruction of evolutionary relationships. b. We use them to predict the emergence of traits in the fossil record. c. They are, at best, a hypothesis about the relationships among extant species. d. We use the rule of parsimony to reconstruct evolutionary history.arrow_forward
- Phylogeny refers to the evolutionary descent of taxa. It refers to the relationship between ancestors and descendants and relationships among descendant taxa. It shows the lineage of taxa which can be summarized in a branching diagram called a phylogenetic tree.a. express some basic evolutionary relationships among groups of microorganisms, plants, and animals; b. illustrate the relationship of organisms with their environment; and c. analyze environmental factors contributing to biodiversity richness and lossarrow_forwardMonophyletic groups are desirable in classification as they Select one: a.reflect evolutionary relationships b. minimise name changes from old to new classifications c. result in fewer groups and are therefore more parsimoniousarrow_forwardA phylogenetic tree is different from a cladogram in that ... Group of answer choices A: it shows that all species are not related to a common ancestor, but each has a distinct archetype. B: it represents the time scale of evolution, including where extinct species fit in. C: it uses an outgroup to compare a small group of species that exhibit similar traits D: it is not based on genetic or morphological evidence.arrow_forward
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