Chemistry: The Molecular Nature of Matter and Change
Chemistry: The Molecular Nature of Matter and Change
8th Edition
ISBN: 9781259631757
Author: Martin Silberberg Dr., Patricia Amateis Professor
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
Question
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Chapter 2, Problem 2.110P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The systematic name for blue vitriol CuSO4.5H2O is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The general rules for writing the systematic names of ionic compounds are as follows:

1) In binary ionic compounds, the name of the metal is written as the original name whereas the name of the non-metal has the root word with the suffix -ide.

2) In metals that form more than one ion, the Latin root of the metal is followed by a suffix -ous for the ion with lower charge and suffix -ic for the ion with a higher charge. In the systematic name, the name of the metal is followed by the charge on the metal within the parentheses in roman numerals.

3) In the family of two oxoanions, the ion with more oxygen atoms has the non-metal root and a suffix -ate added to it. The ion with fewer oxygen atoms ahs the non-metal root and the suffix -ite added to it.

4) For hydrated ionic compounds, the total number of water molecules are represented by the Greek numerical prefixes followed by the word hydrate.

(a)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 2.110P

The systematic name for the compound CuSO4.5H2O is copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate.

Explanation of Solution

The anion sulfate is a polyatomic anion and the charge on the sulfate ion is 2. Therefore, to balance the 2 charge on the sulfate, the copper ion that associates with it must has a charge of +2 on it. Therefore, the +2 charge on the copper ion is represented using the Roman numeral in parentheses followed by the name of the metal in the systematic name. The total number of water molecules that combine with the molecule CuSO4 is 5. Hence the Greek numerical prefix penta- precedes the word hydrate in the systematic name.

Conclusion

The systematic name for the compound CuSO4.5H2O is copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The systematic name for slaked lime Ca(OH)2 is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The general rules for writing the systematic names of ionic compounds are as follows:

1) In binary ionic compounds, the name of the metal is written as the original name whereas the name of the non-metal has the root word with the suffix -ide.

2) In metals that form more than one ion, the Latin root of the metal is followed by a suffix -ous for the ion with lower charge and suffix -ic for the ion with a higher charge. In the systematic name, the name of the metal is followed by the charge on the metal within the parentheses in roman numerals.

3) In the family of two oxoanions, the ion with more oxygen atoms has the non-metal root and a suffix -ate added to it. The ion with fewer oxygen atoms ahs the non-metal root and the suffix -ite added to it.

4) For hydrated ionic compounds, the total number of water molecules are represented by the Greek numerical prefixes followed by the word hydrate.

(b)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 2.110P

The systematic name for the compound Ca(OH)2 is calcium hydroxide.

Explanation of Solution

Ca(OH)2 is a binary ionic compound. As per the general rules, the name of the metal is written as the original name i.e. calcium. The name of the anion has the root word hydrox- followed by the suffix -ide. Therefore the name of the compound is calcium hydroxide.

Conclusion

The systematic name for the compound Ca(OH)2 is calcium hydroxide.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The systematic name for oil of vitriol H2SO4 is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The general rules for naming oxoacids are as follows:

1) The suffix -ate of the oxoanion changes to -ic.

2) The suffix -ite of the oxoanion changes to -ous.

(c)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 2.110P

The systematic name for oil of vitriol H2SO4 is sulfuric acid.

Explanation of Solution

SO42 is the formula for the sulfate oxoanion. Since H2SO4 is an acid, therefore the suffix -ate changes to -ic and the systematic name is sulfuric acid.

Conclusion

The systematic name for oil of vitriol H2SO4 is sulfuric acid.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The systematic name for washing soda Na2CO3 is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The general rules for writing the systematic names of ionic compounds are as follows:

1) In binary ionic compounds, the name of the metal is written as the original name whereas the name of the non-metal has the root word with the suffix -ide.

2) In metals that form more than one ion, the Latin root of the metal is followed by a suffix -ous for the ion with lower charge and suffix -ic for the ion with a higher charge. In the systematic name, the name of the metal is followed by the charge on the metal within the parentheses in roman numerals.

3) In the family of two oxoanions, the ion with more oxygen atoms has the non-metal root and a suffix -ate added to it. The ion with fewer oxygen atoms ahs the non-metal root and the suffix -ite added to it.

4) For hydrated ionic compounds, the total number of water molecules are represented by the Greek numerical prefixes followed by the word hydrate.

(d)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 2.110P

The systematic name for washing soda Na2CO3 is sodium carbonate.

Explanation of Solution

Na2CO3 is an ionic compound. The symbol Na represents the metal element sodium. The polyatomic ion CO32 is the carbonate ion. Therefore the name of the compound is sodium carbonate.

Conclusion

The systematic name for washing soda Na2CO3 is sodium carbonate.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The systematic name for muriatic acid HCl is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The general formula to name binary acids is,

Prefix hydro-+non-metal root+suffix -ic+acid (1)

(e)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 2.110P

The systematic name for muriatic acid HCl is hydrochloric acid.

Explanation of Solution

The non-metal anion chloride has the root word chlor.

Substitute chlor for the non-metal root in equation (1).

Prefix hydro-+chlor+suffix -ic+acid

Thus the name of the compound HCl is hydrochloric acid.

Conclusion

The systematic name for muriatic acid HCl is hydrochloric acid.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The systematic name for Epsom salt MgSO47H2O is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The general rules for writing the systematic names of ionic compounds are as follows:

1) In binary ionic compounds, the name of the metal is written as the original name whereas the name of the non-metal has the root word with the suffix -ide.

2) In metals that form more than one ion, the Latin root of the metal is followed by a suffix -ous for the ion with lower charge and suffix -ic for the ion with a higher charge. In the systematic name, the name of the metal is followed by the charge on the metal within the parentheses in roman numerals.

3) In the family of two oxoanions, the ion with more oxygen atoms has the non-metal root and a suffix -ate added to it. The ion with fewer oxygen atoms ahs the non-metal root and the suffix -ite added to it.

4) For hydrated ionic compounds, the total number of water molecules are represented by the Greek numerical prefixes followed by the word hydrate.

(f)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 2.110P

The systematic name for Epsom salt MgSO47H2O is magnesium sulfate heptahydrate.

Explanation of Solution

The symbol Mg in the compound represents the metal element magnesium. The anion SO42 belongs to the family of two oxoanions. The other member is the ion SO32. Since the ion SO42 has one more oxygen atom than the SO32 ion, therefore it has the suffix -ate added to its non-metal root. Therefore the ion SO42 is named sulfate. The molecule MgSO47H2O is associated with seven water molecules since it is hydrated. Therefore, the total number of water molecules is represented by the Greek numerical prefix hepta- followed by the word hydrate. Therefore the name of the compound is magnesium sulfate heptahydrate.

Conclusion

The systematic name for Epsom salt MgSO47H2O is magnesium sulfate heptahydrate.

(g)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The systematic name for chalk CaCO3 is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The general rules for writing the systematic names of ionic compounds are as follows:

1) In binary ionic compounds, the name of the metal is written as the original name whereas the name of the non-metal has the root word with the suffix -ide.

2) In metals that form more than one ion, the Latin root of the metal is followed by a suffix -ous for the ion with lower charge and suffix -ic for the ion with a higher charge. In the systematic name, the name of the metal is followed by the charge on the metal within the parentheses in roman numerals.

3) In the family of two oxoanions, the ion with more oxygen atoms has the non-metal root and a suffix -ate added to it. The ion with fewer oxygen atoms ahs the non-metal root and the suffix -ite added to it.

4) For hydrated ionic compounds, the total number of water molecules are represented by the Greek numerical prefixes followed by the word hydrate.

(g)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 2.110P

The systematic name for chalk CaCO3 is calcium carbonate.

Explanation of Solution

The symbol Ca represents the metal element calcium. The polyatomic ion CO32 represents the ion carbonate. Therefore the name of the compound is calcium carbonate.

Conclusion

The systematic name for chalk CaCO3 is calcium carbonate.

(h)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The systematic name for dry ice CO2 is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The general rules for writing the systematic names for covalent compounds are as follows:

1) The element with the lower group number is named first in the systematic name. The element present in the higher group number is named second. While naming the element in the higher group number, the suffix -ide follows the root name of the element.

2) If both the elements belong to the same group, the element present in the higher period number is named first.

3) To indicate the total number of atoms of each element in the compound, the Greek numerical prefixes are used. For the element named first in the systematic name, the Greek numerical prefix is used only when more than one atoms of the element are present in the compound.

(h)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 2.110P

The systematic name for dry ice CO2 is carbon dioxide.

Explanation of Solution

The symbol C represents the element of carbon. The total number of the non-metal element oxygen is 2. The Greek numerical prefix for 2 is di-. Therefore the name of the compound is carbon dioxide.

Conclusion

The systematic name for dry ice CO2 is carbon dioxide.

(i)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The systematic name for baking soda NaHCO3 is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The general rules for writing the systematic names of ionic compounds are as follows:

1) In binary ionic compounds, the name of the metal is written as the original name whereas the name of the non-metal has the root word with the suffix -ide.

2) In metals that form more than one ion, the Latin root of the metal is followed by a suffix -ous for the ion with lower charge and suffix -ic for the ion with a higher charge. In the systematic name, the name of the metal is followed by the charge on the metal within the parentheses in roman numerals.

3) In the family of two oxoanions, the ion with more oxygen atoms has the non-metal root and a suffix -ate added to it. The ion with fewer oxygen atoms ahs the non-metal root and the suffix -ite added to it.

4) For hydrated ionic compounds, the total number of water molecules are represented by the Greek numerical prefixes followed by the word hydrate.

(i)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 2.110P

The systematic name for baking soda NaHCO3 is sodium hydrogen carbonate.

Explanation of Solution

NaHCO3 is an ionic compound. The polyatomic anion CO32 is called the carbonate ion. It has a charge of +2 on it. When a hydrogen ion (H+) combines with the carbonate ion, the ion formed is called hydrogen carbonate. The formula for the ion hydrogen carbonate is HCO3. Therefore the name of the compound is sodium hydrogen carbonate.

Conclusion

The systematic name for baking soda NaHCO3 is sodium hydrogen carbonate.

(j)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The systematic name for lye NaOH is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The general rules for writing the systematic names of ionic compounds are as follows:

1) In binary ionic compounds, the name of the metal is written as the original name whereas the name of the non-metal has the root word with the suffix -ide.

2) In metals that form more than one ion, the Latin root of the metal is followed by a suffix -ous for the ion with lower charge and suffix -ic for the ion with a higher charge. In the systematic name, the name of the metal is followed by the charge on the metal within the parentheses in roman numerals.

3) In the family of two oxoanions, the ion with more oxygen atoms has the non-metal root and a suffix -ate added to it. The ion with fewer oxygen atoms ahs the non-metal root and the suffix -ite added to it.

4) For hydrated ionic compounds, the total number of water molecules are represented by the Greek numerical prefixes followed by the word hydrate.

(j)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 2.110P

The systematic name for lye NaOH is sodium hydroxide.

Explanation of Solution

NaOH is an ionic compound. The anion in the compound is OH. The name of the anion is hydroxide. Therefore the name of the compound is sodium hydroxide.

Conclusion

The systematic name for lye NaOH is sodium hydroxide.

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Chapter 2 Solutions

Chemistry: The Molecular Nature of Matter and Change

Ch. 2.5 - Prob. B2.1PCh. 2.5 - Prob. B2.2PCh. 2.6 - Prob. 2.6AFPCh. 2.6 - Prob. 2.6BFPCh. 2.7 - Prob. 2.7AFPCh. 2.7 - Prob. 2.7BFPCh. 2.8 - Prob. 2.8AFPCh. 2.8 - Prob. 2.8BFPCh. 2.8 - Prob. 2.9AFPCh. 2.8 - Prob. 2.9BFPCh. 2.8 - Prob. 2.10AFPCh. 2.8 - Prob. 2.10BFPCh. 2.8 - Prob. 2.11AFPCh. 2.8 - Prob. 2.11BFPCh. 2.8 - Prob. 2.12AFPCh. 2.8 - Prob. 2.12BFPCh. 2.8 - Prob. 2.13AFPCh. 2.8 - Prob. 2.13BFPCh. 2.8 - Prob. 2.14AFPCh. 2.8 - Prob. 2.14BFPCh. 2.8 - Prob. 2.15AFPCh. 2.8 - Prob. 2.15BFPCh. 2.8 - Prob. 2.16AFPCh. 2.8 - Prob. 2.16BFPCh. 2.8 - Determine the name, formula, and molecular (or...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 2.17BFPCh. 2.9 - Prob. B2.3PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.1PCh. 2 - List two differences between a compound and a...Ch. 2 - Which of the following are pure substances?...Ch. 2 - Classify each substance in Problem 2.3 as an...Ch. 2 - Explain the following statement: The smallest...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.6PCh. 2 - Can the relative amounts of the components of a...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.8PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.9PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.10PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.11PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.12PCh. 2 - In our modern view of matter and energy, is the...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.14PCh. 2 - Which of the following scenes illustrate(s) the...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.16PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.17PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.18PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.19PCh. 2 - Fluorite, a mineral of calcium, is a compound of...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.21PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.22PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.23PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.24PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.25PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.26PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.27PCh. 2 - Dolomite is a carbonate of magnesium and calcium....Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.29PCh. 2 - Which of Dalton’s postulates about atoms are...Ch. 2 - Use Dalton’s theory to explain why potassium...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.32PCh. 2 - The following charges on individual oil droplets...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.34PCh. 2 - When Rutherford’s coworkers bombarded gold foil...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.36PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.37PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.38PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.39PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.40PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.41PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.42PCh. 2 - Write the notation for each atomic depiction: Ch. 2 - Write the notation for each atomic depiction: Ch. 2 - Draw atomic depictions similar to those in Problem...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.46PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.47PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.48PCh. 2 - Chlorine has two naturally occurring isotopes,...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.50PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.51PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.52PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.53PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.54PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.55PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.56PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.57PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.58PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.59PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.60PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.61PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.62PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.63PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.64PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.65PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.66PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.67PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.68PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.69PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.70PCh. 2 - What monatomic ions would you expect radium (Z =...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.72PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.73PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.74PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.75PCh. 2 - The radii of the sodium and potassium ions are 102...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.77PCh. 2 - What information about the relative numbers of...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.79PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.80PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.81PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.82PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.83PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.84PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.85PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.86PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.87PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.88PCh. 2 - Give the systematic names for the formulas or the...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.90PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.91PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.92PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.93PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.94PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.95PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.96PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.97PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.98PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.99PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.100PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.101PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.102PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.103PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.104PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.105PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.106PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.107PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.108PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.109PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.110PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.111PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.112PCh. 2 - What is the difference between a homogeneous and a...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.114PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.115PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.116PCh. 2 - Which separation method is operating in each of...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.118PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.119PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.120PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.121PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.122PCh. 2 - Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, formed from the...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.124PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.125PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.126PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.127PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.128PCh. 2 - The following scenes represent a mixture of two...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.130PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.131PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.132PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.133PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.134PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.135PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.136PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.137PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.138PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.139PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.140PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.141PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.142PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.143PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.144P
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