Chapter 2, Problem 78QAP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The correct statement/s for an unknown element ${}_{11}^{23}\text{X}$ need to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Atoms are made from very small particles such as protons, neutrons, and electrons. Protons and neutrons are found within the center of the atom, creating up the nucleus. Electrons surround the nucleus. Protons are positively charged, and electrons are negatively charged thus, for a neutral atom, the number of protons is equal to the number of electrons. The atomic number of a neutral atom is equal to the number of protons and electrons present in an atom. The mass number is the sum of number of protons and neutrons.

The given nuclear symbol ${}_{11}^{23}\text{X}$, can be generally represented as follows:

$\frac{A}{Z}$ X.

Here, Z is the atomic number and A is the atomic mass. Thus, for the given element, the atomic number is 11 and mass number is 23.