Biology (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781337392938
Author: Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 2, Problem 9TYU
Summary Introduction
Introduction: The pH is defined as the negative logarithm of hydrogen ion concentration of a solution which is expressed in moles per liter. The neutral solutions have the same concentration of hydrogen ion (H+) and hydroxide ion (OH-). The pH value of base (alkali) is greater than 7. The pH value of acid is less than 7.
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Which property of water has had the MOST profound consequence for aquatic organisms? Question 33 options: a) Water has a high specific heat. b) Due to hydrogen bonding, solid water is less dense than liquid water. c) Nonpolar molecules are poorly soluble in water. d) Water has a high melting point. e) Water has a high heat of vaporization.
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Question 6
Assuming the atomic radii are as follows:
K+ > Na+ > Mg2+
and the electronegativities are as follows:
Mg2+ >>Na+ >> K+
Which hydrated ion is most unlikely to pass through a small pore in the cellular membrane?
K+
Na+
Mg2+
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EVOLUTION CONNECTION The percentages of naturallyoccurring elements making up the human body (see Table 2.1)are similar to the percentages of these elements found in otherorganisms. How could you account for this similarity amongorganisms?
Chapter 2 Solutions
Biology (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 1LOCh. 2.1 - Compare the physical properties (mass and charge)...Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 3LOCh. 2.1 - Prob. 1CCh. 2.1 - What is a radioisotope? What are some ways...Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 3CCh. 2.2 - Prob. 4LOCh. 2.2 - Prob. 5LOCh. 2.2 - Prob. 6LOCh. 2.2 - What enables a radioisotope to substitute for an...
Ch. 2.2 - Which kind of chemical formula provides the most...Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 3CCh. 2.3 - Distinguish among covalent bonds, ionic bonds,...Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 1CCh. 2.3 - Prob. 2CCh. 2.3 - Prob. 3CCh. 2.3 - Prob. 4CCh. 2.4 - Prob. 8LOCh. 2.4 - In what form is energy transferred in a redox...Ch. 2.5 - Explain how hydrogen bonds between adjacent water...Ch. 2.5 - Prob. 1CCh. 2.5 - What are some properties of water that result from...Ch. 2.5 - How can weak forces, such as hydrogen bonds, have...Ch. 2.6 - Contrast acids and bases, and discuss their...Ch. 2.6 - Convert the hydrogen ion concentration (moles per...Ch. 2.6 - Describe the composition of a salt and explain the...Ch. 2.6 - Prob. 1CCh. 2.6 - Prob. 2CCh. 2.6 - Prob. 3CCh. 2.6 - Prob. 4CCh. 2 - Test Your Understanding Know and Comprehend 1....Ch. 2 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 2 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 2 - Test Your Understanding Know and Comprehend 4. 11H...Ch. 2 - Test Your Understanding Know and Comprehend 5. The...Ch. 2 - Test Your Understanding Know and Comprehend 6....Ch. 2 - Test Your Understanding Know and Comprehend 7. In...Ch. 2 - Test Your Understanding Know and Comprehend 8....Ch. 2 - Prob. 9TYUCh. 2 - Prob. 10TYUCh. 2 - Test Your Understanding Know and Comprehend 11....Ch. 2 - Prob. 12TYUCh. 2 - Prob. 13TYUCh. 2 - Test Your Understanding Apply and Analyze 14....Ch. 2 - Prob. 15TYUCh. 2 - Prob. 16TYUCh. 2 - Test Your Understanding Evaluate and Synthesize...
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- Test Your Understanding Know and Comprehend 4. 11H and 13H have (a) different chemical properties because they have different atomic numbers (b) the same chemical properties because they have the same number of valence electrons (c) different chemical properties because they differ in their number of protons and electrons (d) the same chemical properties because they have the same atomic mass (e) the same chemical properties because they have the same number of protons, electrons, and neutronsarrow_forwardTest Your Understanding Know and Comprehend 11. Which of the following cannot function as a buffer? (a) phosphoric acid, a weak acid (b) sodium hydroxide, a strong base (c) sodium chloride, a salt that ionizes completely (d) a and c (e) b and carrow_forwardTest Your Understanding Know and Comprehend 6. Which of the following bonds and properties are correctly matched? (a) ionic bonds; are strong only if the participating ions are hydrated (b) hydrogen bonds; are responsible for bonding oxygen and hydrogen to form a single water molecule (c) polar covalent bonds; can occur between two atoms of the same element (d) covalent bonds; may be single, double, or triple (e) hydrogen bonds; are stronger than covalent bondsarrow_forward
- Test Your Understanding Know and Comprehend 8. Water has a high specific heat because (a) hydrogen bonds must be broken to raise its temperature (b) hydrogen bonds must be formed to raise its temperature (c) it is a poor insulator (d) it has low density considering the size of the molecule (e) it can ionizearrow_forwardTest Your Understanding Apply and Analyze 14. Consider the following reaction (in water): HCl H+ + Cl Name the reactant(s) and product(s). Does the expression indicate that the reaction is reversible? Could HCl be used as a buffer?arrow_forwardTest Your Understanding Know and Comprehend 1. Which of the following elements is mismatched with its properties or function? (a) carbonforms the backbone of organic compounds (b) nitrogencomponent of proteins (c) hydrogenvery electronegative (d) oxygencan participate in hydrogen bonding (e) all of the above are correctly matchedarrow_forward
- Test Your Understanding Know and Comprehend 5. The orbitals composing an atoms valence electron shell (a) are arranged as concentric spheres (b) contain the atoms least energetic electrons (c) may change shape when covalent bonds are formed (d) never contain more than one electron each (e) more than one of the preceding is correctarrow_forwardTest Your Understanding Know and Comprehend 7. In a redox reaction, (a) energy is transferred from a reducing agent to an oxidizing agent (b) a reducing agent becomes oxidized as it accepts an electron (c) an oxidizing agent accepts a proton (d) a reducing agent donates a proton (e) the electrons in an atom move from its valence shell to a shell closer to its nucleusarrow_forwardBiochemistry - calculations 1. 500 mL of a 0.1 sodium phosphate buffer with pKa= 7.21, is diluted a) How would you dilute this buffer 100 times to make a final volume of 50 mL? Show the ratio to be added together. b) Calculate the pH of the buffer when it is diluted with dH2O c) Calculate the pH of the buffer when it is diluted with 0.3 M KCl 2. What is the normality of a 5 M phosphoric acid (SG = 1.88 g/cm3; 85% solution has a Mr of 98 g/mole)?arrow_forward
- VISUAL SKILLS Look at Figure 3.2 and explain whythe central water molecule can hydrogen bond to four(rather than three or five) other water molecules.arrow_forwardIn your own words, list and define 3 properties of water that make it essential to life.arrow_forward1. How would it affect organisms living in cold climates if oil or alcohol were their main body fluid?2. How do you think the cohesive nature of water relates to its evaporation?3. Describe in detail an experiment you could conduct to test whether another substance could replace water.arrow_forward
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