Concept explainers
The water in the Yellowstone National Park hot springs shown here is around 160°F (70°C). Biologists assumed that no species of organismscould live in water above about 130°F(55*C), so thev were surprised to find several species of bacteria there, now called thermophiles
15. SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE |
("heat-lovers"). You've learned in this chapter how an enzyme from one species, Thermus aquaticus, made feasible one of the most important DNA-based techniques used in labs today. ldentify the enzyme, and indicate the value of its being isolated from a thermophile. Suggest other reasons why enzymes from this bacterium (or other therrnophiles) might also be valuable.
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 20 Solutions
Campbell Biology Plus Masteringbiology
Additional Science Textbook Solutions
Prescott's Microbiology
Genetics: From Genes to Genomes
Microbiology: An Introduction
BIOLOGY:THE ESSENTIALS (LL) W/CONNECT
Anatomy & Physiology
Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology (11th Edition)
- Pollutants such as halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons (HAHs)are usually spotty in their distributions in bodies of water. Thuseven if HAHs are present, fish might be able to avoid beingexposed to them. Suppose you want to determine if the fishliving in an industrialized harbor are in fact more exposed toHAHs than fish in a more pristine harbor. Why might a study ofliver P450 enzymes be particularly useful for your purposes?arrow_forwardThree organisms were tested biochemically for their production of energy, and various compounds were measured in each organism. The amounts found are shown in relative units. Organisms ATP NADH NADPH FADH2 Ethanol 1 20 100 0 0 50 2 350 400 0 100 1 3 500 410 200 100 1 Based on this information, which organism is a bacterium, a plant, or an animal?arrow_forwardKnowing that for a bacterial colony to be able to grow it must produce product "3" AND "4", use the information in the image to describe which enzyme(s) are that are Non-Functional in Colony C? Please note error in enzyme description at bottom of image. X converts 1 into 2; Y converts 1 into 3; and z converts 2 into 4.arrow_forward
- While bacteria can meet their nutrient needs and survive on acetic acid as a sole carbon source, human beings cannot. Provide a plausible explanation for this limitation in human beings.arrow_forwardFind an enzyme that is used by humans for some industrial or useful process (apart from its original purpose; e.g. food production, textiles, agriculture, clinical diagnosis, medical treatment, biofuel production, material polymerization, etc.). How do we obtain or harvest the enzyme? What reaction(s) does it catalyze, and how is this useful for its industrial purpose? 200 words onlyarrow_forwardBeer is produced by yeast fermentation of grain to ethanol. Why must the process of beer production be anaerobic?arrow_forward
- Fill the sentence in with the right keyword: Anabolic reactions Sometimes or Alwasys consume energy.arrow_forwardDuring times of low oxygen level, many organisms perform fermentation. Who do these organisms need to perform fermentation, the answer is NOT because there is no oxygen.I told you that.arrow_forwardPicture. 1: Fresh potato +H202 H2O+02 (air bubbles) Questions: 1. Why did you use buffer instead of distilled water to dilute the enzyme and the substrate? 2. What do we mean by enzyme specificity? 3. Name the substrate of peptidase, sucrase and amylase? 4. Discuss the factors affecting the rate of an enzymatic reaction, showing how each one affects the rate? 34arrow_forward
- A competitive inhibitor is one that ________.arrow_forwardWhen the rate of reaction decreases, what is happening to the enzyme, catalase? Did your actual results match your hypotheses? If not, why? Is the optimum temperature the same for all enzymes? Explain.arrow_forwardRadioactive isotopes (radioisotopes) of elements are commonly used in biological experiments as tracers to follow and detect molecules of interest. For example, photosynthetic intermediates produced during carbon dioxide conversion to sugars were detected by exposing algae to carbon dioxide containing a radioactive form of carbon. This radioactive carbon could be rapidly detected in molecules produced by the algae during carbon fixation and sugar production. Why can scientists substitute radioisotopes for isotopes commonly found in cells when conducting experiments? Select an Answer O A. Radioisotopes of an element differ only in the number of neutrons, so therefore they behave the same way chemically as the isotopes that occur in cells. B. Compounds containing radioisotopes are not acted upon by enzymes, so the radioisotopes will therefore not interfere with normal cellular processes. O C. Radioisotopes contain additional protons, so they are heavier than the nonradioactive isotopes…arrow_forward
- Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)BiologyISBN:9780134580999Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. HoehnPublisher:PEARSONBiology 2eBiologyISBN:9781947172517Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann ClarkPublisher:OpenStaxAnatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781259398629Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa StouterPublisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
- Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)BiologyISBN:9780815344322Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter WalterPublisher:W. W. Norton & CompanyLaboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781260159363Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, CynthiaPublisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)BiologyISBN:9781260231700Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael WindelspechtPublisher:McGraw Hill Education