Concept explainers
To review:
The branching of
Introduction:
The evolution of prokaryotes and eukaryotes took place at different periods according to various theories of evolution. The evolutionary history of many eukaryotic microbes can be studied with the help of common morphological characters and molecular sequences. This provides clues about the evolution of multiple species from the common ancestor.
Explanation of Solution
The eukaryotes evolved in many diverse forms such as amoeba, paramecium, protists, fungi, algae, and animals. These species are arranged into branched trees called clades as per their origin. The clade Opisthokonta includes Eumycota (true fungi), Metazoa (multicellular animals), and certain protists.
Some evidences show the closeness among fungi and animals. One such evidence is the presence of similar insertion or deletion sequences in fungi and animals. These sequences can be studied by genome analysis. For example, the presence of a short sequence insertion in elongation factor 1α (EF-1α). Twelve amino acids are encoded by this insert that is found in fungi and animals and is absent in plants and protists.
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Chapter 20 Solutions
Microbiology: An Evolving Science (Fourth Edition)
- Please briefly describe the idea of endosymbiosis and its role in protist evolution-relate to the idea of function of the group.arrow_forwardif global warming trends continue, many species, including protists and fungi, may become extinct due to habitat loss. Name two ecological roles of protists and two ecological roles of fungiarrow_forwardCompare the phylogenetic tree of protists with the secondary endosymbiosis theory which proposes how photosynthetic protists evolved. Are both reconcilable? Explain.arrow_forward
- Describe the evidence that multicellularity evolved independently in fungi and animalsarrow_forwardIdentify: 6. An inner saclike membrane system that defines the group of the dinoflagellates, ciliates and apicomplexan protistsarrow_forwardJustify (a) classifying fungi as opisthokonts, (b) classifying microsporidia as fungi, and (c) grouping ascomycetes and basidiomycetes as sister cladesarrow_forward
- Describe features you would look for under the microscope to determine if a cell is prokaryotic or eukaryotic. If you knew your specimen belonged to Kingdom Protista, would that make it a prokaryote or a eukaryote?arrow_forwardDescribe the protist group most closely related to animals.arrow_forwardIs fungi is eukaryotic and prokaryotic?arrow_forward
- Describe the relationship of protists to the major groups of eukaryotes.arrow_forwardProvide at least three examples illustrating both beneficial and detrimental aspects of fungi in the modern world today.arrow_forwardWhat feature do all ‘protists’ have in common that differentiates them from fungi, plants and animals?arrow_forward
Biology (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781337392938Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. BergPublisher:Cengage Learning