Chapter 20, Problem 20.41QP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The following pairs, which is radioactive nuclide has to be explained.

${}_{\text{51}}^{\text{122}}{\text{Sb, }}_{\text{54}}^{\text{136}}\text{Xe}$

Concept introduction:

Nuclear stability:  There are many factors that give to nuclear stability.  These are,

• Full nuclear shell (magic number)
• Even number of protons and neutrons
• Proton to neutron ratio

Note: When element has an atomic number higher than 83, it is unstable.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The following pairs, which is radioactive nuclide has to be explained.

${}_{\text{82}}^{\text{204}}{\text{Pb, }}_{\text{85}}^{\text{204}}\text{At}$

Concept introduction:

Nuclear stability:  There are many factors that give to nuclear stability.  These are,

• Full nuclear shell (magic number)
• Even number of protons and neutrons
• Proton to neutron ratio

Note: When element has an atomic number higher than 83, it is unstable.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The following pairs, which is radioactive nuclide has to be explained.

${}_{\text{33}}^{\text{87}}\text{Rb,}{}_{\text{37}}^{\text{90}}\text{Rb}$

Concept introduction:

Nuclear stability:  There are many factors that give to nuclear stability.  These are,

• Full nuclear shell (magic number)
• Even number of protons and neutrons
• Proton to neutron ratio

Note: When element has an atomic number higher than 83, it is unstable.