(a)
Interpretation:
The reagent is to be shown for the given reaction.
Concept introduction:
Nitration: The formation of nitro group in a
Hydrogenolysis:
Metal catalyst gives the corresponding amine or alcohol.
Reduction:
(b)
Interpretation:
The chemical logic has to be described for the protecting of phenol using benzyl group.
Concept introduction:
Williamson Ether Synthesis: Alcohols reacts with alkyl halide forms ether is called Williamson ether synthesis.
(C)
Interpretation:
The structural relationship between Carbuterol and ephedrine has to be proposed.
(d)
Interpretation:
The possible stereoisomer’s has to be shown if the product is chiral.
Concept introduction:
Chiral:
A molecule is non superimposable on its mirror image is called chiral molecule. Four different atoms attached to a carbon atom is called chiral molecule.
Isomer: A molecule having the same molecular formula but with different chemical structure is called isomer.
Stereoisomers: Stereoisomers are molecules that have the same molecular formula and they differ only in arrangement of atom in three-dimensional space.
Enantiomers: A compound which is non-superimposable mirror image is called enantiomers.
Diastereomers: A compound which is non-superimposable and non-mirror image is called diastereomers.
Racemic mixture: A racemic mixture is simply a mixture containing an equal amount of each enantiomer.
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