Physical Science (12th Edition), Standalone Book
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781260150544
Author: Bill W. Tillery
Publisher: McGraw Hill Education
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Question
Chapter 21, Problem 23AC
To determine
From the following options, some oldest fossils are about:
4.55 billion years old
3.5 billion years old
250 million years old
10,000 years old
Expert Solution & Answer
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Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
What describes using organisms that were only alive during a specific time period to estimate the unknown age of items?
a.
Radioactive dating
Selected:b.
Law of superposition
This answer is incorrect.
c.
Relative dating
d.
Index fossils
3. The Duggs find the skeleton of a Zillow beast and wish to carbon date it. If the half life of Carbon-14
is 5700 years, and we measure 60% of the original carbon, how old is the Zillow beast fossil?
8.
The half-life of certain type of carbon used for carbon-dating is 5730 years.
Determine the age of a bone if it now contains 38 percent of the original amount of carbon.
A = 4,(0.5)*
Chapter 21 Solutions
Physical Science (12th Edition), Standalone Book
Ch. 21 -
1. Evidence of former life is called...Ch. 21 -
2. In the early 1800s, William Smith noted that...Ch. 21 - Prob. 3ACCh. 21 -
4. The meaning of the word fossil is
a. petrified...Ch. 21 - Prob. 5ACCh. 21 - Prob. 6ACCh. 21 -
7. Fossils are most often found in what type...Ch. 21 - Prob. 8ACCh. 21 - Prob. 9ACCh. 21 - Prob. 10AC
Ch. 21 -
11. Distinctive fossils of plants or animals that...Ch. 21 - Prob. 12ACCh. 21 - Prob. 13ACCh. 21 - Prob. 14ACCh. 21 - Prob. 15ACCh. 21 - Prob. 16ACCh. 21 - Prob. 17ACCh. 21 - Prob. 18ACCh. 21 - Prob. 19ACCh. 21 - Prob. 20ACCh. 21 - Prob. 21ACCh. 21 - Prob. 22ACCh. 21 - Prob. 23ACCh. 21 - Prob. 24ACCh. 21 - Prob. 25ACCh. 21 -
26. Which of the basic guiding principles used to...Ch. 21 - Prob. 27ACCh. 21 - Prob. 28ACCh. 21 -
29. Correlation and relative dating of rock units...Ch. 21 - Prob. 30ACCh. 21 -
31. You would expect to find the least number of...Ch. 21 - Prob. 32ACCh. 21 - Prob. 33ACCh. 21 - Prob. 34ACCh. 21 -
35. An early record about the discovery of...Ch. 21 - Prob. 36ACCh. 21 - Prob. 37ACCh. 21 -
38. A geologic feature that cuts across or is...Ch. 21 - Prob. 39ACCh. 21 - Prob. 40ACCh. 21 - Prob. 41ACCh. 21 - Prob. 42ACCh. 21 - Prob. 43ACCh. 21 - Prob. 44ACCh. 21 - Prob. 45ACCh. 21 - Prob. 46ACCh. 21 -
1. What is the principle of uniformity? What are...Ch. 21 -
2. What is the geologic time scale? What is the...Ch. 21 -
3. Why does the rock record go back only 3.8...Ch. 21 -
4. Do igneous, metamorphic, or sedimentary rocks...Ch. 21 -
5. What major event marked the end of the...Ch. 21 -
6. Briefly describe the principles and...Ch. 21 - Prob. 7QFTCh. 21 -
8. Describe how the principles of superposition,...Ch. 21 - Prob. 9QFTCh. 21 - Prob. 10QFTCh. 21 -
11. Describe some of the things that fossils can...Ch. 21 -
1. Analyze the significant reasons that a pot...Ch. 21 - Prob. 2FFACh. 21 -
4. What are the significant differences between...Ch. 21 -
5. Summarize why the different blocks of time...Ch. 21 - Prob. 5FFACh. 21 -
6. The history of Earth has been one of many...Ch. 21 - Prob. 1PEACh. 21 - Prob. 2PEACh. 21 - Prob. 3PEACh. 21 - Prob. 4PEACh. 21 - Prob. 5PEACh. 21 - Prob. 6PEACh. 21 - Prob. 7PEACh. 21 - Prob. 8PEACh. 21 - Prob. 9PEACh. 21 - Prob. 10PEACh. 21 - Prob. 11PEACh. 21 - Prob. 12PEACh. 21 - Prob. 13PEACh. 21 - Prob. 14PEACh. 21 - Prob. 15PEACh. 21 -
1. A sequence of deep marine shale that spans the...Ch. 21 - Prob. 2PEBCh. 21 - Prob. 3PEBCh. 21 -
4. The absolute age of a rock is its age in...Ch. 21 -
5. The absolute age (age in years) of sedimentary...Ch. 21 -
6. A sequence of rocks consists of a flat-lying...Ch. 21 -
7. A student examining a roadcut excavated...Ch. 21 - 8. A cliff has the following sequence...Ch. 21 - Prob. 9PEBCh. 21 - Prob. 10PEBCh. 21 - Prob. 11PEBCh. 21 - Prob. 12PEBCh. 21 - Prob. 13PEBCh. 21 - Prob. 14PEBCh. 21 -
15. Two outcrops separated by a distance of 32 km...
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- What is obtained when rocks and geologic events are put into chronologic order without regard to the actual dates? (24.2) (a) absolute (numerical) geologic time (b) relative geologic time (c) a geologic formation (d) a correlation periodarrow_forwardSuppose that one species of index fossil lived between 410 and 380 mya and another lived between 440 and 350 mya. What can be said about the age of a rock that contains fossils of both species? Figure 24.22 Absolute Dating of Sedimentary Rocks See Exercise 7.arrow_forwardAbout how many days on the geologic time calendar were the dinosaurs present? To how many years does this correspond?arrow_forward
- A fossilized leaf contains 70% Of its normal amount of carbon- 14. How old is the fossil? Use 5730 yesrs as the half-life of carbon- 14.arrow_forwardFrom Hawaii to the bend in the Hawaiian-Emperor chain is about 4000 km. Use the speed of Pacific plate motion given in Problem 7 to estimate how long ago the direction of plate motion changed. (Note: It may not be a coincidence that the San Andreas fault became active in what is now Southern California at about the same time.) 7. The Hawaiian-Emperor chain of undersea volcanoes is about 7500 km long, and the Pacific plate is moving 9.2 cm a year. How old is the oldest detectable volcano in the chain? What has happened to older volcanoes in the chain?arrow_forwardSOME ISOTOPES USED FOR RADIOMETRIC DATING Daughter Isotope (D) Half-Lives (T½) Useful Dating Range Parent Isotope (P) Materials Dated Newly formed crystal Uranium-238 4.5 billion years Zircon 713 million years Zircon Lead-206 ages > 10 m.y. 100 Uranium-235 Lead-207 ages > 10 m.y. 0000000o o00000 15.9% decayed to daughter Potassium-40 Argon-40 Biotite, muscovite, whole volcanic rock 1.3 billion years ages > 50,000 yr Shells, limestone, organic materials ages 100-60,000 yr Carbon-14 Nitrogen-14 5730 years 84.1 29.3% decayed 70.7 Parent Atoms (P) 000000000e 50% decayed RADIOACTIVE DECAY 50.0 Daughter Atoms (D) 25.0 75% decayed 87.5% decayed 12.5 93.8% decayed 96.9% decayed 6.2 3.1 14 2 3 4 5 6 Half-Lives (T1) Elapsed DECAY PARAMETERS FOR ALL RADIOACTIVE DECAY PAIRS Percent of Parent Atoms (P) Percent of Daughter Atoms (D) Half-Lives Elapsed Age 0.000 x T 0.015 x T 0.031 x Ty 0.062 x Ty 0.125 x T 0.250 x T 0.500 x T2 1.000 x Ty2 100.0 0.0 98.9 1.1 1/64 97.9 2.1 1/32 95.8 4.2 1/16 91.7 8.3…arrow_forward
- 5. A fossil contains 50% of the carbon-14 it once had as a living creature. Use the half-life decay equation to determine when the creature died. The half-life of carbon-14 is 5730 years.arrow_forwardUsing AMS radiocarbon dating, archaeologists working in Northern Spain dated a piece of iron at approximately 17000 years BP. Question 12 options: A) True B) Falsearrow_forwardKEY TERMS 1. geologic time (Intro) 2. fossil (24.1) 3. paleontology 4. amber 5. replacement fossil 6. mold 7. cast 8. trace fossil 9. relative geologic time (24.2) 10. principle of original horizontality 11. principle of superposition 12. principle of cross-cutting relationships 13. unconformities 14. correlation 15. index fossils 16. eons 17. eras 18. periods 19. absolute (numerical) geologic time (24.3) 20. radiometric dating 21. carbon-14 dating 22. geologic time scale (24.5) 23. Cambrian explosion 24. Great Dying 25. epochs 26. K-T event For each of the following items, fill in the number of the appropriate Key Term from the preceding list. a. _____ Widespread, easily identified fossils that are typical of a particular time segment of the Earths historyarrow_forward
- KEY TERMS 1. geologic time (Intro) 2. fossil (24.1) 3. paleontology 4. amber 5. replacement fossil 6. mold 7. cast 8. trace fossil 9. relative geologic time (24.2) 10. principle of original horizontality 11. principle of superposition 12. principle of cross-cutting relationships 13. unconformities 14. correlation 15. index fossils 16. eons 17. eras 18. periods 19. absolute (numerical) geologic time (24.3) 20. radiometric dating 21. carbon-14 dating 22. geologic time scale (24.5) 23. Cambrian explosion 24. Great Dying 25. epochs 26. K-T event For each of the following items, fill in the number of the appropriate Key Term from the preceding list. b. _____ The most devastating extinction that has ever occurredarrow_forwardReview. The North American and European plates of the Earths crust are drifting apart with a relative speed of about 25 mm/yr. Take the speed as constant and find when the rift between them started to open, to reach a current width of 2.9 103 mi.arrow_forwardApproximately how old is a fossil that contains 1.5g of C14 and 198.5g of C12? Remember that C14 decays to C12 with a half life of 6,000 years.arrow_forward
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