The way by which evolution in extreme environments influence genome and amino acid composition. Introduction: The contribution of individual amino acid composition to the evolutionary rate varies among different organisms. The types of amino acids that contribute to the rate of evolution can be grouped into GC-rich and AT-rich amino acids. Besides, the amino acid with a high composition also contributes more to evolutionary rates than amino acid with low composition in the proteome.

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Chapter 21, Problem 24ESP

Summary Introduction

To determine: The way by which evolution in extreme environments influence genome and amino acid composition.

Introduction: The contribution of individual amino acid composition to the evolutionary rate varies among different organisms. The types of amino acids that contribute to the rate of evolution can be grouped into GC-rich and AT-rich amino acids. Besides, the amino acid with a high composition also contributes more to evolutionary rates than amino acid with low composition in the proteome.

Summary Introduction

To determine: The way by which evolution in extreme environments influences the interpretation of the genome sequence data.

Introduction: The types of amino acids which contribute to the evolutionary rates can be grouped into GC-rich and AT-rich amino acids. The amino acid composition contributes to the rate of evolution in the organisms, and this, in turn, is impacted by GC-content.

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Price et al. (1999. J. Bacteriol. 181: 2358–2362) conducted a genetic study of the toxin transport protein (PA) of Bacillus anthracis, the bacterium that causes anthrax in humans. Within the 2294-nucleotide gene in 26 strains they identified five point mutations—two missense and three synonyms—among different isolates. Necropsy samples from an anthrax outbreak in 1979 revealed a novel missense mutation and five unique nucleotide changes among ten victims. The authors concluded that these data indicate little or no horizontal transfer between different B. anthracis strains. (a) Which types of nucleotide changes (missense or synonyms) cause amino acid changes? (b) What is meant by horizontal transfer? (c) On what basis did the authors conclude that evidence of horizontal transfer is absent from their data?

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 21, Problem 24ESP

Summary Introduction

To determine: The way by which evolution in extreme environments influence genome and amino acid composition.

Introduction: The contribution of individual amino acid composition to the evolutionary rate varies among different organisms. The types of amino acids that contribute to the rate of evolution can be grouped into GC-rich and AT-rich amino acids. Besides, the amino acid with a high composition also contributes more to evolutionary rates than amino acid with low composition in the proteome.

Summary Introduction

To determine: The way by which evolution in extreme environments influences the interpretation of the genome sequence data.

Introduction: The types of amino acids which contribute to the evolutionary rates can be grouped into GC-rich and AT-rich amino acids. The amino acid composition contributes to the rate of evolution in the organisms, and this, in turn, is impacted by GC-content.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 21, Problem 24ESP

Summary Introduction

To determine: The way by which evolution in extreme environments influence genome and amino acid composition.

Introduction: The contribution of individual amino acid composition to the evolutionary rate varies among different organisms. The types of amino acids that contribute to the rate of evolution can be grouped into GC-rich and AT-rich amino acids. Besides, the amino acid with a high composition also contributes more to evolutionary rates than amino acid with low composition in the proteome.

Summary Introduction

To determine: The way by which evolution in extreme environments influences the interpretation of the genome sequence data.

Introduction: The types of amino acids which contribute to the evolutionary rates can be grouped into GC-rich and AT-rich amino acids. The amino acid composition contributes to the rate of evolution in the organisms, and this, in turn, is impacted by GC-content.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 21, Problem 24ESP

Summary Introduction

To determine: The way by which evolution in extreme environments influence genome and amino acid composition.

Introduction: The contribution of individual amino acid composition to the evolutionary rate varies among different organisms. The types of amino acids that contribute to the rate of evolution can be grouped into GC-rich and AT-rich amino acids. Besides, the amino acid with a high composition also contributes more to evolutionary rates than amino acid with low composition in the proteome.

Summary Introduction

To determine: The way by which evolution in extreme environments influences the interpretation of the genome sequence data.

Introduction: The types of amino acids which contribute to the evolutionary rates can be grouped into GC-rich and AT-rich amino acids. The amino acid composition contributes to the rate of evolution in the organisms, and this, in turn, is impacted by GC-content.

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Answer 5

Chapter 21, Problem 24ESP

Summary Introduction

To determine: The way by which evolution in extreme environments influence genome and amino acid composition.

Introduction: The contribution of individual amino acid composition to the evolutionary rate varies among different organisms. The types of amino acids that contribute to the rate of evolution can be grouped into GC-rich and AT-rich amino acids. Besides, the amino acid with a high composition also contributes more to evolutionary rates than amino acid with low composition in the proteome.

Summary Introduction

To determine: The way by which evolution in extreme environments influences the interpretation of the genome sequence data.

Introduction: The types of amino acids which contribute to the evolutionary rates can be grouped into GC-rich and AT-rich amino acids. The amino acid composition contributes to the rate of evolution in the organisms, and this, in turn, is impacted by GC-content.

Answer 6

Chapter 21, Problem 24ESP

Summary Introduction

To determine: The way by which evolution in extreme environments influence genome and amino acid composition.

Introduction: The contribution of individual amino acid composition to the evolutionary rate varies among different organisms. The types of amino acids that contribute to the rate of evolution can be grouped into GC-rich and AT-rich amino acids. Besides, the amino acid with a high composition also contributes more to evolutionary rates than amino acid with low composition in the proteome.

Answer 7

Chapter 21, Problem 24ESP

Summary Introduction

To determine: The way by which evolution in extreme environments influence genome and amino acid composition.

Introduction: The contribution of individual amino acid composition to the evolutionary rate varies among different organisms. The types of amino acids that contribute to the rate of evolution can be grouped into GC-rich and AT-rich amino acids. Besides, the amino acid with a high composition also contributes more to evolutionary rates than amino acid with low composition in the proteome.

Answer 8

Summary Introduction

To determine: The way by which evolution in extreme environments influences the interpretation of the genome sequence data.

Introduction: The types of amino acids which contribute to the evolutionary rates can be grouped into GC-rich and AT-rich amino acids. The amino acid composition contributes to the rate of evolution in the organisms, and this, in turn, is impacted by GC-content.

Answer 9

Summary Introduction

To determine: The way by which evolution in extreme environments influences the interpretation of the genome sequence data.

Introduction: The types of amino acids which contribute to the evolutionary rates can be grouped into GC-rich and AT-rich amino acids. The amino acid composition contributes to the rate of evolution in the organisms, and this, in turn, is impacted by GC-content.

Answer 10

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Answer 13

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Solution Summary: The author explains how evolution in extreme environments affects the genome and amino acid composition.

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