Essentials of Genetics Plus Mastering Genetics with eText -- Access Card Package (9th Edition) (Klug et al. Genetics Series)
9th Edition
ISBN: 9780134047201
Author: William S. Klug, Michael R. Cummings, Charlotte A. Spencer, Michael A. Palladino
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 21, Problem 8PDQ
In the following table, average differences of height, weight, and fingerprint ridge count between monozygotic twins (reared together and apart), dizygotic twins, and nontwin siblings are compared:
| Trait | MZ Reared Together |
MZ Reared Apart |
DZ Reared Together |
Sibs Reared Together |
| Height (cm) | 1.7 | 1.8 | 4.4 | 4.5 |
| Weight (kg) | 1.9 | 4.5 | 4.5 | 4.7 |
| Ridge count | 0.7 | 0.6 | 2.4 | 2.7 |
Based on the data in this table, which of these quantitative traits has the highest heritability values?
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Students have asked these similar questions
In studies of human monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twin pairs who are reared together, the following concordance values are identified for various traits. Based on the values shown which trait is more dependent on genetics than enviornment?
trait
Concordance
MZ
DZ
A.
97
90
B.
80
72
C.
60
55
D.
94
22
E.
43
39
A
B
C
D
E
In the following table, average differences of height, weight,and fingerprint ridge count between monozygotic twins (rearedtogether and apart), dizygotic twins, and nontwin siblings arecompared:
Based on the data in this table, which of these quantitative traitshas the highest heritability values?
The following table gives the percentage of twin pairs studied in which both twins expressed the same phenotype for a trait (concordance). Percentages listed are for concordance for each trait in monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twins. Assuming that both twins in each pair were raised together in the same environment, what do you conclude about the relative importance of genetic versus environmental factors for each trait? Trait MZ % DZ % Blood types 100 66 Eye color 99 28 Mental retardation 97 37 Measles 95 87 Hair color 89 22 Handedness 79 77 Idiopathic epilepsy 72 15 Schizophrenia 69 10 Diabetes 65 18 Identical allergy 59 5 Cleft lip 42 5 Club foot 32 3 Mammary cancer 6 3
Chapter 21 Solutions
Essentials of Genetics Plus Mastering Genetics with eText -- Access Card Package (9th Edition) (Klug et al. Genetics Series)
Ch. 21 -
CASE STUDY | A genetic flip of the coin
On July...Ch. 21 - CASE STUDY|A genetic flip of the coin On July 11,...Ch. 21 -
CASE STUDY|A genetic flip of the coin
On July...Ch. 21 - HOW DO WE KNOW?
1. In this chapter, we focused on...Ch. 21 - Review the Chapter Concepts list on page 422....Ch. 21 -
3. Define the following: (a) polygenic, (b)...Ch. 21 - A dark-red strain and a white strain of wheat are...Ch. 21 - Height in humans depends on the additive action of...Ch. 21 -
6. An inbred strain of plants has a mean height...Ch. 21 - Prob. 7PDQ
Ch. 21 - In the following table, average differences of...Ch. 21 - What kind of heritability estimates (broad sense...Ch. 21 - List as many human traits as you can that are...Ch. 21 - Corn plants from a test plot are measured, and the...Ch. 21 -
12. The following variances were calculated for...Ch. 21 - The mean and variance of plant height of two...Ch. 21 - A hypothetical study investigated the vitamin A...Ch. 21 - In a herd of dairy cows the narrow-sense...Ch. 21 - In an assessment of learning in Drosophila, flies...Ch. 21 - Suppose you want to develop a population of...Ch. 21 -
18. In a population of tomato plants, mean fruit...Ch. 21 - In a population of 100 inbred, genotypically...Ch. 21 - In a cross between a strain of large guinea pigs...Ch. 21 - While most quantitative traits display continuous...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- The following table gives the percentage of twin pairs studied in which both twins expressed the same phenotype for a trait (concordance). Percentages listed are for concordance for each trait in monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twins. Assuming that both twins in each pair were raised together in the same environment, what do you conclude about the relative importance of genetic (H) versus environmental (E) factors for each trait? Trait MZ % DZ % Blood types 100 66Eye color 99 28 Measles 95 87 Diabetes 65 18Mental retardation 97 37arrow_forwardA geneticist studies a series of characteristics in pairs of monozygotic and dizygotic twins, obtaining the concordances listed below. For each characteristic, indicate whether these concordances suggest genetic influences, environmental influences, or both. Explain your reasoning. Concordance (%) Characteristic Monozygotic Dizygotic Migraine headaches 60 30 Eye color 100 40 Measles 90 90 Club foot 30 10 High blood pressure 70 40 Handedness 70 70 Tuberculosis 5 5arrow_forwardGive typing answer with explanation and conclusion With regard to phenotypic and genetic liability variation, hip dislocation that is a multifactorial trait has: A. Discontinuous phenotypic variation. B. Continuous phenotypic variation. C. Discontinuous genetic liability variation. D. Continuous genetic liability variation. E. A and C F. A and D G. B and C H. B and Darrow_forward
- If there is no genetic variation within a population for a given trait, what is the heritability for the trait in the population?arrow_forwardDo a chi square tablet for the question. I left a reference down below. Question: 3. In dihybrid cross where both parents were heterozygous for both traits, the following data was obtained: 890 dominant for both traits, 97 recessive for both traits, 315 dominant for trait 1, but recessive for trait 2, and 298 dominant for trait 2, but recessive for trait one. Perform a chi-square analysis to determine if this data agrees with the expected outcomes. State your null hypothesis as well as if the null is rejected or not.arrow_forwardFor each of the following relationships, correlation coefficients forheight were determined for 15 pairs of individuals:Father-daughter: 0.41Father-granddaughter: 0.18Sister-sister: 0.40Sister-sister (fraternal twins): 0.41Sister-sister (identical twins): 0.83What is the average heritability for height in this group?arrow_forward
- Many researchers have estimated the heritability of human traits by comparing the correlation coefficients of monozygotic and dizygotic twins (see pp. 731–732). One of the assumptions made in using this method is that monozygotic twin pairs experience environments that are no more similar to each other than those experienced by dizygotic twin pairs. How might this assumption be violated? Give some specific examples of how the environments of two monozygotic twins might be more similar than the environments of two dizygotic twins.arrow_forwardM. T. Tsuang and colleagues studied drug dependence in male twin pairs (M. T. Tsuang et al. 1996. American Journal of Medical Genetics 67:473–477). They found that 82 out of 313 monozygotic twin pairs were concordant for abuse of one or more illicit drugs, whereas 40 out of 243 dizygotic twin pairs were concordant for the same trait. Calculate the concordances for drug abuse in these monozygotic and dizygotic twins. On the basis of these data, what conclusion can you draw concerning the roles of genetic and environmental factors in drug abuse?arrow_forwardGray tree frog (Hyla versicolor) males call to females, and their calls can be characterized bythe pulse number and call period. The additive genetic variance of pulse number is 0.37,the additive genetic variance of call period is 0.16, and the covariance of the two traits is0.25. What is the additive genetic correlation of the two traits?arrow_forward
- For each of the following traits, select whether it is a continuous trait or a discrete trait in humans. Trait Discrete trait / Continuous trait Height Answer Albinism Answer Learning ability Answer Body weight Answer Number of fingers Answerarrow_forwardFor each of the following relationships, correlation coefficients forheight were determined for 15 pairs of individuals: Mother-daughter: 0.36Mother-granddaughter: 0.17Sister-sister: 0.39Sister-sister (fraternal twins): 0.40Sister-sister (identical twins): 0.77What is the average heritability for height in this group of females?arrow_forward. In pea plants, height is controlled by a Dominant Allele (T) for Tall Height and by a Recessive Allele (t) for Short Height. If 96% of a population of pea plants have the tall phenotype, calculate the frequencies of dominant allele (T) & recessive (t) alleles. Out of the 96%, what is the estimation of how many are homozygous dominant vs. heterozygous? What is the frequency of the recessive phenotype?arrow_forward
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