Organic Chemistry; Modified MasteringChemistry with Pearson eText -- ValuePack Access Card; Study Guide and Student Solutions Manual for Organic Chemistry, Books a la Carte Edition (7th Edition)
7th Edition
ISBN: 9780134240152
Author: Paula Yurkanis Bruice
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Textbook Question
Chapter 2.10, Problem 37P
As long as the pH is not less than _______, at least 50% of a protonated
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
True or false
Acidic drugs tend to ionize in basic medium.
Basic drugs tend to be absorbed in basic environment, like the duodenum.
Acidic drugs are excreted faster if the urine is acidic.
Basic drugs remain unionize in a basic environment.
Polarity of the drug increases as the number of carbon increases in a compound.
Relative Strengths of oxyacids and Amines
Part A
Relative oxyacid strength
The strength of an acid is affected by the polarity of the bond connected to the acidic hydrogen. The more highly polarized this bond, the more easily the hydrogen is ionized. Electronegative atoms or groups of atoms present in the structure of an acid can act to withdraw electrons and produce additional polarization.
Two common groups of acids to which this principle can be applied are oxyacids and carboxylic acids.
Arrange the following oxyacids in order of decreasing acid strength.
Rank from strongest to weakest acid. To rank items as equivalent, overlap them.
View Available Hint(s)
Strongest acid
The correct ranking cannot determined.
HCIO₁ HClO₂ HBrO
HCIO
Reset Help
38 of 43
Weakest acid
Review | Constants | Periodic Table
An unknown compound, X, is thought to have a carboxyl group with a p?a of 2.5 and a second ionizable group with a p?a between 5.0 and 8.0. When 50.0 mL of 0.2 M NaOH is added to 75.0 mL of a 0.2 M solution of X at pH 2.5, the pH increases to 7.13. Calculate the p?a of the second ionizable group of X.
Chapter 2 Solutions
Organic Chemistry; Modified MasteringChemistry with Pearson eText -- ValuePack Access Card; Study Guide and Student Solutions Manual for Organic Chemistry, Books a la Carte Edition (7th Edition)
Ch. 2.1 - Which of the following are not acids? CH3COOH CO2...Ch. 2.1 - Draw the products of the addbase renc1 ion when a....Ch. 2.1 - a. What is the conjugate acid of each or the...Ch. 2.2 - a. Which is a stronger acid: one with a pKa of 5.2...Ch. 2.2 - An acid has a Ka of 4.53 106 in water. What is...Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 6PCh. 2.2 - Antacids are compounds that neutralize stomach...Ch. 2.2 - Are the following body fluids acidic or basic? a....Ch. 2.3 - Draw the conjugate acid of each of the following:...Ch. 2.3 - a. Write an equation showing CH3OH reacting as an...
Ch. 2.3 - Estimate the pKa values of the following...Ch. 2.3 - a. Which is a stronger base: CH3COO or HCOO? (The...Ch. 2.3 - Using the pKa values in Section 2.3, rank the...Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 14PCh. 2.5 - a. For each of the acid-base reactions in Section...Ch. 2.5 - Ethyne has a pKa value of 25, water has a pKa...Ch. 2.5 - Which of the following bases can remove a proton...Ch. 2.5 - Calculate the equilibrium constant for the...Ch. 2.6 - Rank the ions (CH3, NH2, HO, and F) from most...Ch. 2.6 - Rank the carbanions shown in the margin from most...Ch. 2.6 - Which is the stronger acid?Ch. 2.6 - Prob. 22PCh. 2.6 - Rank the halide ions (F, Cl, Br, and l) from...Ch. 2.6 - a. Which is more electronegative, oxygen or...Ch. 2.6 - Which is a stronger acid? a. HCl or HBr b....Ch. 2.6 - a. Which of the halide ions (F, Cl, Br, and l) is...Ch. 2.6 - Prob. 27PCh. 2.7 - What is a stronger acid? a. CH3OCH2CH2OH or...Ch. 2.7 - Prob. 29PCh. 2.7 - What is a stronger base?Ch. 2.8 - Fosamax (shown on the previous page) has six...Ch. 2.8 - Which is a stronger acid? Why?Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 34PCh. 2.9 - Using the table of pKa values given in Appendix I,...Ch. 2.10 - Prob. 36PCh. 2.10 - As long as the pH is not less than _______, at...Ch. 2.10 - A naturally occurring amino acid such as alanine...Ch. 2.10 - For each of the following compounds, indicate the...Ch. 2.11 - Write the equation that shows how a buffer made by...Ch. 2.12 - Draw the products of the following react ions. Use...Ch. 2.12 - What product are formed when each of the following...Ch. 2 - a. Rank the following alcohols from strongest to...Ch. 2 - Which is a stronger base? a. HS or HO b. CH3O or...Ch. 2 - According to the explanations by Lewis, if a...Ch. 2 - a. Rank the following carboxylic acids from...Ch. 2 - Prob. 51PCh. 2 - For the following compound. a. draw its conjugate...Ch. 2 - Rank the following compounds from strongest to...Ch. 2 - Prob. 54PCh. 2 - Prob. 55PCh. 2 - a. Rank the following alcohols from strongest to...Ch. 2 - For each compound, indicate the atom that is most...Ch. 2 - a. Given the Ka values, estimate the pKa value of...Ch. 2 - A single bond between two carbons with different...Ch. 2 - Tenormin, a member of the group of drugs known as...Ch. 2 - From which of the following compounds can HO...Ch. 2 - a. For each of the following pairs of reactions,...Ch. 2 - Prob. 63PCh. 2 - Which is a stronger acid? a. b. c. d.Ch. 2 - Prob. 65PCh. 2 - Given that pH+ pOH = 14 and that the concentration...Ch. 2 - How could you separate a mixture of the following...Ch. 2 - Prob. 68PCh. 2 - a. If an add with a pKa of 5.3 is in an aqueous...Ch. 2 - Calculate the pH values of the following...Ch. 2 - Prob. 1PCh. 2 - Prob. 2PCh. 2 - Prob. 3PCh. 2 - Which of the reactions in Problem 3 favor...Ch. 2 - Prob. 5PCh. 2 - Prob. 6PCh. 2 - Prob. 7PCh. 2 - Which is the stronger acid? a. ClCH2CH2OH or...Ch. 2 - Prob. 9PCh. 2 - Prob. 10PCh. 2 - Which is a more stable base? Remembering that the...Ch. 2 - Which is the Stronger acid?Ch. 2 - Prob. 13PCh. 2 - a. Draw the structure of (CH3COOH (pKa = 4.7) at...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, chemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- 16-35 (Chemical Connections 16B ) What is an alkaloid? Are all alkaloids basic to litmus?arrow_forwardComplete the equation to show how pyridine, C, H, N, acts as a Brønsted-Lowry base in water. equation: C₂H₂N+H₂O=arrow_forwardAt what pH will the concentration of a compound with a pK, 8,4 be 100 tímes greater in ita acidic form than in its basic form? Express your answer using one decimal place. pH= 7.9 At what pH will 50% of a compound with a pK, = 7.6 be in its basic form? Express your answer using one decimal place. pH = At what pH will the concentration of a compound with a pK = 4.6 be 10 times greater in its basic form than in its acidic form? Express your answer using one decimal place. pH = Submit Danunet Anenrarrow_forward
- A carboxylic acid has a pKa of 6.00. Which of the following statements is true? O A. There is an equimolar ratio of the acid and its conjugate base when the pH is 6.00. B. Half of the acid will be deprotonated when the pH = 3. O C. Half of the acid will be protonated when the pH = 12. D. The acid will be completely neutralized when the pH = 7.00. %3!arrow_forwardPenicillin G has a pH of 5.0 to 7.5 pKa of 2.72 The pH is higher than the pKa of 2.72, meaning penicillin G is deprotonated. What will the carboxylic acid group will be _____ and the amine groups will be ___ and ____? Draw the structure showing those changes, then you could draw the deprotonated form.arrow_forwardPart A The chemical 5-amino-2,3-dihydro-1,4-phthalazinedione, better known as luminol, is used by forensic scientists in analyzing crime scenes for the presence of washed-away blood. Luminol is so sensitive that it can detect blood that has been diluted 10,000 times. A basic solution of luminol is often sprayed onto surfaces that are suspected of containing minute amounts of blood. The forensic technician at a crime scene has just prepared a luminol stock solution by adding 15.0 g of luminol into a total volume of 75.0 mL of H2O. What is the molarity of the stock solution of luminol? Express your answer with the appropriate units. Luminol has a molecular weight of 177 g/mol. • View Available Hint(s) HẢ molarity of luminol solution = Value Units Submit Part B Before investigating the scene, the technician must dilute the luminol solution to a concentration of 6.00x10-2 M. The diluted solution is then placed in a spray bottle for application on the desired surfaces. How many moles of…arrow_forward
- One way to determine the predominant species at equilibrium for an acid-base reaction is to say that the reaction arrow points to the acid with the higher value of pKa. For example,arrow_forwardComplete the equation to show how pyridine, C5H5N, acts as a Brønsted-Lowry base in water. equation: C5H5N + H2Oarrow_forwardErythromycin is a weak base with a pka of= 5.2 What will be the ionisation state of the drug in stomach, small intestine and blood? what is the site of absorption of this drug? pH stomach = 1.5, pH blood = 7.4, pH of small intestine is 6.5.arrow_forward
- The structure of a particular drug is provided below. The acid form is shown, and its pk, is 4.8. Mark any/all that apply. HO O The conjugate base of this acid is charged. O The acid form will predominate at pH 7.40. The acid form of this drug is charged. The conjugate base will predominate at pH 7.40. The acid form of this drug will diffuse through the cell membrane more easily than the conjugate base will diffuse through the cell membrane.arrow_forwardFill in the left side of this equilibrium constant equation for the reaction of diethylmethylamine (C,H13N), a weak base, with water. Ü - K,arrow_forwardFor a solution of formic acid, a weak acid with a pKa of 8.74, at what pH will the concentration of formic acid be equal to the concentration of formate, the conjugate weak base of formic acid. Report the value using 3 significant figures.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Introduction to General, Organic and BiochemistryChemistryISBN:9781285869759Author:Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar TorresPublisher:Cengage LearningOrganic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305580350Author:William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. FootePublisher:Cengage Learning
Introduction to General, Organic and Biochemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:9781285869759
Author:Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar Torres
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Organic Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:9781305580350
Author:William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. Foote
Publisher:Cengage Learning
General Chemistry | Acids & Bases; Author: Ninja Nerd;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AOr_5tbgfQ0;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY