Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The use of anhydride to synthesize the given compound and the reason for the preference of an anhydride over an acid chloride is to be explained.
Concept introduction:
Anhydrides undergo many of the reactions as same as acid chlorides. Anhydrides are easily converted to less reactive acid derivatives as well as they participate in the Friedel-Crafts acylation. Many reactions of anhydrides involve the loss of one of the two acid molecules as a leaving group. Anhydrides often give better yields than acetyl chloride for acetylation of alcohols.
(b)
Interpretation:
The use of anhydride to synthesize the given compound and the reason for the preference of an anhydride over an acid chloride is to be explained.
Concept introduction:
Anhydrides undergo many of the reactions as same as acid chlorides. Anhydrides are easily converted to less reactive acid derivatives as well as they participate in the Friedel-Crafts acylation. Many reactions of anhydrides involve the loss of one of the two acid molecules as a leaving group. Anhydrides often give better yields than acetyl chloride for acetylation of alcohols.
(c)
Interpretation:
The use of anhydride to synthesize the given compound and the reason for the preference of an anhydride over an acid chloride is to be explained.
Concept introduction:
Anhydrides undergo many of the reactions as same as acid chlorides. Anhydrides are easily converted to less reactive acid derivatives as well as they participate in the Friedel-Crafts acylation. Many reactions of anhydrides involve the loss of one of the two acid molecules as a leaving group. Anhydrides often give better yields than acetyl chloride for acetylation of alcohols.
(d)
Interpretation:
The use of anhydride to synthesize the given compound and the reason for the preference of an anhydride over an acid chloride is to be explained.
Concept introduction:
Anhydrides undergo many of the reactions as same as acid chlorides. Anhydrides are easily converted to less reactive acid derivatives as well as they participate in the Friedel-Crafts acylation. Many reactions of anhydrides involve the loss of one of the two acid molecules as a leaving group. Anhydrides often give better yields than acetyl chloride for acetylation of alcohols.
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Chapter 21 Solutions
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY MASTERINGCHEM ACCESS
- What reagents would you use to convert methyl propanoate to the following compounds? a. isopropyl propanoate b. sodium propanoate c. N-ethylpropanamide d. propanoic acidarrow_forwardUnder basic reaction conditions, two molecules of benzaldehyde condense to give: a. Benzyl alcohol and Benzoic acid b. Benzyl alcohol and sodium benzoate c. Benzoic acid and phenol d. Benzyl alcohol and benzylic acid Under which reaction conditions, Benzil rearrange to benzilate? a. Strongly acidic conditions b. Neutral conditions c. Strongly basic conditions d. Mild acidic conditions In benzoin experiment two traps where used, one in the first step and another in the second step, in order to prevent the escape of (respectively) a. NaOH aq, hydrocyanic acid b. Nitrogen oxides, hydrocyanic acid C. HBr gas, N20 gas d. Hydrocyanic acid, Nitrogen oxidesarrow_forwardFrom which starting materials can the product formed as a result of the following reaction be synthesized? A. Acetophenone and butanal B. Benzaldehyde and 3-pentanone C. Benzaldehyde and 2-pentanone D. Acetophenone and 2-butanonearrow_forward
- Which of the following is the most reactive to nucleophilic aromatic substitution? A. p-chlorobenzoic acid B. m-chlorobenzoic acid C. p-chloronitrobenzene D. m-chloronitrobenzenearrow_forwardBy chlorination of benzoic acid major product is Select one:a. 3-clorobenzoic acid b. 2-clorobenzoic acidc. 2,4-dichlorobenzoic acidd. 4-chlorobenzoic acidarrow_forwardWhich of the following is the most acidic compound? a. All of the above are equivalent in term of their acidity b. 3,3,3-triiodopropanol С. 2,2,2-tribromopropanol d. 2,2,2-triflouropropanol е. 2,2,2-trichloropropanolarrow_forward
- 1. Give the product of the reaction of the cyclic anhydride shown below when treated with the following reagents. a. aquous NaOH b. aqueous HCI c. methanol d. sodium methoxide in methanol e. ethylaminearrow_forwardWhat will be the right combination of reagents to be required for the synthesis of the following compound? a. Ethanal + n-Propylamine b. Ethanal + isopropylamine c. Propanal + Ethylamine d. Ethylamine + Ethanal .arrow_forwardThe reaction of a nitrile with an alcohol in the presence of a strong acid forms an N-substituted amide. This reaction, known as the Ritter reaction, doesnot work with primary alcohols. a. Why does the Ritter reaction not work with primary alcohols? b. Provide an explanation for why an amide is less susceptible to nucleophilic attack than its corresponding ester.arrow_forward
- Explain why acetyl chloride reacts faster with water than acetic anhydride does?arrow_forwardWhat will be the final product when 1-butanol is oxidized with Cro, in an acidic medium? Select one: A. butanoic acid B. butanal C. butyl chromate D. butyl butanoatearrow_forwardNameand Draw the structures of all possible chemical (Electrophilic aromatic substitution) reactions of the o-propylbenzaldehyde a. Halogenation (Chlorination or Bromination) b. Nitration c. Sulphonation d. Friedel Craft Alkylation e. Friedel Craft Acylationarrow_forward
- Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Bioche...ChemistryISBN:9781305960060Author:Spencer L. Seager, Michael R. Slabaugh, Maren S. HansenPublisher:Cengage Learning
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